Kidney cancer: How your everyday habits increase your kidney cancer risk

Kidney cancer, especially a type called renal cell carcinoma (RCC), is on the rise globally. While age and family history can play a part, lifestyle factors are also to blame.

Many unknowingly heighten their risk through daily habits. Kidney cancer is increasingly being diagnosed in younger, urban populations, says Dr Sravan Kumar, Consultant, Medical Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant Physician at Manipal Hospitals, Vijayawada. “The kidneys filter around 50 gallons of blood every single day. But modern life has quietly made their job tougher. In India, there’s a clear link between lifestyle diseases and the growing incidence of kidney cancer. Factors such as obesity, poorly managed blood pressure, and long-term use of common painkillers all put added strain on these organs. Also, many of these risks develop gradually, often without symptoms, making early intervention a challenge,” says Dr Kumar.

While your choices play a huge role, your surroundings may also be working against your kidneys. “Long-term exposure to industrial chemicals like cadmium and asbestos, often seen in manufacturing, agriculture or construction jobs, has been linked to a higher risk of kidney cancer,” Dr Kumar suggests.

Also read | Kidney cancer prevention: Weight management, control blood pressure, stay hydrated

Even environmental pollutants, especially in urban settings, are emerging as contributors. “It’s essential for people in high-risk occupations to have regular health check-ups and use protective equipment consistently,” he advises.

• Smoking is still a major culprit: Tobacco contains carcinogens that are filtered through the kidneys, exposing them to cancer-causing substances. “Even former smokers have a high risk, although it's lower than current smokers,” notes Dr Kumar. Quitting can help lower your long-term chances.

• Obesity and high blood pressure aren't just heart concerns: These conditions trigger hormonal imbalances and chronic inflammation, both of which encourage abnormal cell growth. Losing just 5-10 percent of body weight can have measurable benefits for kidney health.

• Overuse of painkillers can be dangerous: Commonly used NSAIDs like ibuprofen can damage kidney tissues when taken frequently over time. “People often think they’re harmless, but prolonged use can be harmful, especially in those with other risk factors,” says Dr Kumar.

• Chronic kidney disease increases cancer risk: CKD, whether from diabetes or long-term medication use, compromises kidney function and boosts cancer risk. Managing underlying conditions with regular follow-ups is key.

• Sedentary lifestyle can increase your risk: Lack of physical activity not only contributes to obesity and hypertension but may independently raise cancer risk. Try to get at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise five times a week.