As temperatures soar during the summer months, a concerning trend emerges. A notable increase in asthma flare-ups among children. The combination of heat, air pollution, and allergens poses a significant challenge for young asthma sufferers, leading to heightened respiratory distress. This surge in flare-ups not only affects the physical health of children but also impacts their quality of life, restricting outdoor activities and requiring careful management to ensure their well-being.
Here are some key strategies to minimise the risk of asthma flare-ups in children during the summer heat, ensuring they stay healthy and active.
Avoid triggers
Stay indoors during peak heat: The hottest parts of the day (usually between 10 AM and 4 PM) can exacerbate asthma symptoms, says Manisha Mittal, Delhi-based pediatrician and MediCare founder. Try to keep children indoors in air-conditioned environments during these times.
Limit outdoor activities: Plan outdoor activities for early morning or late evening when temperatures are cooler.
Manage air quality
Monitor air quality: Use apps or websites to check the air quality index (AQI) in your area. Avoid outdoor activities when the AQI is high, as pollutants can trigger asthma symptoms, says Mittal.
Allergens control: Keep windows closed to prevent pollen and other allergens from entering the home.
Hydration
Stay hydrated: Ensure children drink plenty of water throughout the day to stay hydrated, as dehydration can worsen asthma symptoms.
Medication management
Follow asthma action plan: Make sure you have an up-to-date asthma action plan from your child's healthcare provider, says Mittal. This plan should outline daily management and how to handle worsening symptoms.
Carry rescue inhaler: Always have a rescue inhaler (e.g., albuterol) readily available. Ensure the child knows how to use it correctly.
Regular medication: Continue using prescribed controller medications, even if the child feels well. Skipping doses can increase the risk of flare-ups.
Environmental control
Use air conditioning: Air conditioning helps filter out allergens and cools the air, making it easier for children to breathe.
Dehumidifiers: In humid areas, using a dehumidifier can help reduce indoor humidity levels, which can trigger asthma symptoms.
Clothing and skin care
Light clothing: Dress children in lightweight, breathable clothing to help them stay cool.
Sun protection: Use sunscreen to prevent sunburn, which can stress the body and potentially worsen asthma symptoms.
Preventive measures
Prevent infections: Encourage frequent handwashing and avoid close contact with sick individuals, as respiratory infections can trigger asthma flare-ups.
Vaccinations: Ensure the child is up to date on vaccinations, including the annual flu shot, as influenza can exacerbate asthma.
Emergency preparedness
Know emergency signs: Be aware of signs that indicate worsening asthma (e.g., increased use of rescue inhaler, shortness of breath, difficulty talking). Seek medical help immediately if these occur.
Emergency contacts: Keep a list of emergency contacts and the child's healthcare provider readily accessible.
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