It’s not often that nutrition research comes up with a finding so clear, and so worrying. But the latest global review from the University of East Anglia, University of Southampton and Holland & Barrett has done exactly that. According to the report, more than three-quarters of the world isn’t getting the omega-3 it needs, not even close. And this gap, scientists warn, is shaping our long-term health.
The review, the first of its kind to examine omega-3 recommendations across every life stage, found that 76 percent of people fall short of advised intake levels of EPA and DHA, the long-chain fatty acids that support everything from heart health and immunity to mood and memory. “We found big gaps between what’s advised and what most of us consume,” said Prof Anne Marie Minihane from UEA’s Norwich Medical School. She stresses that closing this gap will require “easier, sustainable ways to get these important nutrients, like foods enriched with omega-3s or supplements.”
Omega-3s support brain development in babies, reduce the chances of pre-term birth, strengthen immunity, protect the heart, and are linked to lower risks of depression and cognitive decline later in life. “The health benefits of EPA and DHA are too important to ignore,” said Dr Abbie Cawood, Science Director at Holland and Barrett. But meeting recommended levels through food alone is proving much harder than expected, especially for those who rarely eat oily fish.
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This challenge is especially clear in parts of Asia, India and Latin America, where fish consumption is lower or access to supplements is limited. Even in regions with strong nutrition awareness, inconsistent guidelines make it difficult for the public to know what “enough” actually means. Prof Philip Calder from the University of Southampton explains: “What is clear is that most people are not meeting these recommendations.”
Why you need Omega-3
Recommended intake levels are clearer than ever: Most adults need 250 mg of EPA + DHA a day, while pregnant women need an extra 100–200 mg of DHA.Food alone may not meet these targets: Oily fish like salmon or mackerel can help, but low seafood consumption and sustainability concerns mean many people still fall short.
Supplements often become necessary: Dr Cawood says, “Supplementation is often required to meet recommended intakes, especially in pregnancy and those with low fish intakes.”
Also read | Best foods for Omega-3 fatty acids: Add walnuts, chia seeds, fatty fish to your daily diet
Guidelines around the world vary hugely: Some countries offer detailed advice; others have none at all. This inconsistency leaves many confused about how much they should aim for.
More sustainable omega-3 sources are needed: Researchers stress the importance of developing accessible, affordable and eco-friendly options to close the global nutritional gap.
The review also highlights a mismatch between scientific evidence and public health messaging. While researchers have long understood the benefits of omega-3s at every stage of life, official guidance has often focused only on certain groups, such as pregnant women or older adults. This report aims to change that, offering a foundation for future nutrition policy.
The study reveals that most people need more omega-3 than they’re currently getting, and clearer guidance is urgently overdue. With better access, sustainable sources and consistent global recommendations, experts hope the world will finally understand that omega-3 isn’t optional; it’s essential.
Disclaimer: This article, including health and fitness advice, only provides generic information. Don’t treat it as a substitute for qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist for specific health diagnosis.
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