Scientists have uncovered surprising genetic changes in polar bears. The changes may help some bears cope with melting sea ice. The discovery focuses on DNA elements called jumping genes.
What Did Researchers Find?
The researchers found increased activity of jumping genes in polar bears. These genes can move within DNA. They influence how other genes are switched on. Higher activity was linked to warmer environmental conditions. This suggests rapid biological responses to climate stress.
Who Conducted the Study?
The study was published in the scientific journal Current Biology. The scientists analysed DNA from polar bears in Greenland. Bears from southern Greenland were compared with northern populations. Southern Greenland is warming faster than most Arctic regions. The region provided a natural climate stress comparison.
What Did Scientists Observe in the Bear DNA?
Southern bears showed higher jumping gene activity. Affected genes relate to metabolism, ageing and heat stress. These changes may help regulate energy use. They may also affect fat storage and survival. The patterns differed from colder-region polar bears.
Why Does This Study Matter?
Polar bears depend on sea ice to hunt seals. Melting ice reduces access to food. Genetic flexibility may offer short-term adaptation. However, it does not guarantee long-term survival. The findings highlight limits of biological adaptation.
How will scientists study Polar Bears Next?
Scientists want to track genetic changes over time. They will study whether changes are inherited. Researchers will examine impacts on health and reproduction. Long-term survival remains uncertain under continued warming. The Arctic’s future will test these adaptations.
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