New research has suggested that animals react to sounds made by plants, hinting at the existence of an invisible, acoustic ecosystem. A team at Israel's Tel Aviv University has provided the first-ever evidence of this phenomenon, the BBC reported, adding that the discovery could redefine humans' understanding of interspecies communication.
In the experiment, researchers focused on female moths, which typically lay their eggs on tomato plants so that the larvae can feed on them once hatched. They found that female moths actively avoid laying eggs on tomato plants emitting distress signals.
This comes two years after the same team found that plants "scream" when distressed or unhealthy. These sounds, imperceptible to the human ear, are within the range of many insects, bats, and certain mammals.
"This is the first demonstration ever of an animal responding to sounds produced by a plant," professor Yossi Yovel of Tel Aviv University told the publication. While still speculative, he suggests, "it could be that all sorts of animals will make decisions based on the sounds they hear from plants, such as whether to pollinate or hide inside them or eat the plant."
The researchers conducted controlled experiments to ensure the moths were reacting specifically to the plants' sounds, rather than their visual appearance. The team now plans to explore the unique sounds different plants produce and whether other species also base their decisions on these auditory cues. "You can think that there could be many complicated interactions, and this is the first step," professor Yovel added.
The researchers emphasise that this discovery does not imply plants are sentient. Rather, the sounds are a result of physical effects triggered by changes in their environment.
"Plants could evolve to make more sounds or louder ones if they were of benefit to it, and the hearing of animals may evolve accordingly so they can take in this huge amount of information," professor Lilach Hadany, also of Tel Aviv University, said.
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