Delhi’s air pollution: CM Rekha Gupta tables CAG report, flag lapses in pollution control measures

Surprisingly, in many cases, multiple vehicles were issued certificates at the same time, sometimes within a minute of each other.

Meanwhile, nearly 4,000 diesel vehicles that exceeded pollution limits were still certified as compliant Between 2015 and 2020, allowing them to remain on the road despite their high emission levels.

The report said the city's Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations (CAAQMS) do not meet the requirements set by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), leading to concerns about inaccuracies in pollution control measures.

The report also criticised the previous AAP government for failing to conduct any real-time studies to identify the exact sources of pollution, a crucial step in formulating targeted solutions.

Out of the 47.51 lakh overage vehicles required to be deregistered from 2018-19 to 2020-21, the government deregistered only 2.98 lakh such vehicles, constituting a small fraction (6.27 per cent) of the end-of-life-vehicle (ELV), while a majority 93.73 per cent (44.53 lakh) of the ELVs had "active" registration status as of March 2021, the report said, indicating that these ELVs were still plying on Delhi roads.

Additionally, none of the 347 impounded vehicles were scrapped by March 2021, and the capacity of impounding pits remains grossly inadequate with space for only 4,000 vehicles compared to over 41 lakh vehicles awaiting scrapping, it added.

Inadequate enforcement is another major challenge as the transport department's enforcement branch does not have sufficient staff or vehicles equipped with pollution-checking devices, making it difficult to monitor violations effectively..

Besides the shortage of staff, the enforcement teams did not have vehicles mounted with PUC equipment to check visibly polluting vehicles, resulting in inadequate coverage of the entry points to Delhi, indicating a weak enforcement regime, as per the report.

In the absence of input data regarding location-wise vehicular load, the deployment of the few ill-equipped enforcement teams was also bound to be sub-optimal, it said Additionally, the development of ISBTs at the entry points is another issue.

The CAG report for the year ended March 31, 2018, also highlighted that the Supreme Court's directions (1998) to the Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi (GNCTD) for setting up two ISBTs at the southwest and north entry points to Delhi to prevent the entry of diesel-powered inter-state buses beyond the periphery of the capital were not complied with.

The Delhi government did not establish the two new ISBTs at Dwarka and Narela, despite more than 20 years passing since the Supreme Court's directions.

In the absence of ISBTs at the entry points, diesel-operated inter-state buses were forced to traverse the city to reach the existing ISBTs (at Sarai Kale Khan and Kashmiri Gate).

The transport department said in November 2021 that proposals for the development of two new ISBTs were being worked out, and it has been decided that the Dwarka ISBT would be developed by the PWD.

Additionally, concerns have been raised over the management of funds meant for improving parking infrastructure. The report said that while money was collected through taxes for parking facilities, there was no official record as to how these funds were utilised.

Poorly managed parking contributes to congestion and increased vehicle emissions, further worsening the city's air quality, it said.

Despite years of government interventions and action plans, the report said Delhi's pollution crisis was not just a result of external factors such as crop burning in the neighbouring states but is also fuelled by systemic failures in regulation and enforcement within the city itself.

The findings showed that while authorities have introduced measures to control pollution, poor enforcement and lack of coordination among agencies prevented meaningful progress, as per the report.

It also pointed to vehicular emissions, industrial pollution, construction dust, and stubble burning as primary contributors to Delhi's deteriorating air quality.

Additionally, improper waste disposal, biomass burning, and limited green cover further aggravate the situation.

The report further highlighted the government's response and policy gaps, mentioning that multiple policies and action plans existed but they lacked strict enforcement and interdepartment coordination.

It also highlighted the need for better monitoring, stricter pollution control measures, and improved public awareness.