Karthigai Deepam is one of the oldest festivals celebrated by Tamil Hindus, symbolising light, divinity, and devotion. It holds great significance in Tamil Nadu, where streets and homes glow with rows of oil lamps (Deepam), creating an enchanting atmosphere.
Karthigai Deepam: Origin and Significance
The festival derives its name from the Krittika Nakshatra (Karthikai star), which holds a special place in Hindu mythology. Karthigai Deepam honours Lord Shiva, who, according to legend, manifested as an endless flame of light to demonstrate his supremacy to Lord Vishnu and Lord Brahma.
While Karthigai is celebrated every month when Krittika Nakshatra prevails, the most significant observance occurs during the Tamil month of Karthikai (Vrischika month in other Hindu calendars). This grand celebration is marked by widespread rituals and the lighting of lamps to ward off negativity and invoke divine blessings.
Tiruvannamalai’s Famous Karthigai Festival
The Karthigai festival celebrated at the Tiruvannamalai Hills is particularly famous. Devotees flock to this sacred site to witness the lighting of the Mahadeepam, a colossal fire lamp placed atop the hill. This fire, visible from miles around, is a representation of Lord Shiva’s infinite light form and is a major draw for worshippers seeking divine grace.
Rituals of Karthigai Deepam
The rituals of Karthigai Deepam include:
- Lighting Lamps: Devotees light oil lamps in their homes, temples, and streets as a symbol of positivity and the victory of light over darkness.
- Offering Prayers: Special prayers are offered to Lord Shiva, accompanied by chanting of mantras and singing of devotional hymns.
- Decorations: Homes and temples are beautifully adorned with kolams (rangoli), enhancing the festive ambiance.
- Mahadeepam Ceremony: At Tiruvannamalai, the lighting of the Mahadeepam marks the culmination of the festival, with thousands of devotees chanting and praying in unison.
In addition to the grand Karthigai Deepam celebration, devotees also observe Masik Karthigai—a monthly festival falling on the day of Krittika Nakshatra. Here are the dates for Masik Karthigai and Karthigai Deepam in 2025:
| Month & Event | Date & Day |
|---|---|
| Masik Karthigai | January 9, 2025, Thursday |
| Masik Karthigai | February 6, 2025, Thursday |
| Masik Karthigai | March 5, 2025, Wednesday |
| Masik Karthigai | April 1, 2025, Tuesday |
| Masik Karthigai | April 29, 2025, Tuesday |
| Masik Karthigai | May 26, 2025, Monday |
| Masik Karthigai | June 22, 2025, Sunday |
| Masik Karthigai | July 20, 2025, Sunday |
| Masik Karthigai | August 16, 2025, Saturday |
| Masik Karthigai | September 12, 2025, Friday |
| Masik Karthigai | October 10, 2025, Friday |
| Masik Karthigai | November 6, 2025, Thursday |
| Karthigai Deepam | December 4, 2025, Thursday |
| Masik Karthigai | December 31, 2025, Wednesday |
Karthigai Deepam and Masik Karthigai are festivals that highlight the importance of light, spirituality, and community. Rooted in deep mythology, they serve as a reminder of divine energy and the triumph of light over darkness. Whether through the quiet reverence of Masik Karthigai or the grand spectacle of Karthigai Deepam, these festivals continue to inspire devotion and unity among Hindus worldwide.
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