As the rest of the world lives in 2024, Ethiopia is still in 2016.
The Ethiopian calendar, also known as the Ge'ez calendar, has its roots in the ancient Coptic calendar. It consists of 13 months: 12 months of 30 days each, and an intercalary month called Pagumē, which has five or six days depending on whether it's a leap year. This structure makes the Ethiopian year 7 to 8 years behind the Gregorian calendar, which is used globally.
So, Ethiopia will welcome 2017 on September 11.
The calendar begins on Meskerem 1, which falls on September 11 (or 12 in a Gregorian leap year). This start date is tied to the Feast of Neyrouz, an ancient Egyptian celebration marking the New Year and the flooding of the Nile.
Why the Difference?
The primary reason for the calendar discrepancy is the calculation of the birth of Jesus Christ. While the Gregorian calendar, introduced by Pope Gregory XIII in 1582, is based on calculations made by Dionysius Exiguus, the Ethiopian calendar relies on an alternative calculation (7 BC) from the Coptic Church. This difference in computation places the Ethiopian calendar lag behind the Gregorian one.
Cultural Significance
For Ethiopians, their calendar is a symbol of national identity and pride. It represents their historical continuity and resilience in preserving their cultural heritage against colonial influence and globalisation.
Ethiopia’s New Year, Enkutatash, celebrated on Meskerem 1 or September 11, is a vibrant festival. The name Enkutatash means “gift of jewels” and commemorates the return of the Queen of Sheba from her visit to King Solomon in Jerusalem. It is a time of renewal, joy, and thanksgiving, marked by feasts, singing, and traditional dances.
From business transactions to social engagements, the Ethiopian calendar coexists with the Gregorian calendar, especially in urban areas and international dealings. Official documents, public holidays, and school years are all based on the Ethiopian system, creating a unique duality for Ethiopians interacting with the rest of the world.
Despite the potential for confusion, Ethiopians navigate this dual system with ease.
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