Delhi's air remains toxic, SC unhappy with GRAP implementation

An AQI between 0 and 50 is considered "good", 51-100 "satisfactory", 101-200 "moderate", 201-300 "poor", 301-400 "very poor", 401-450 "severe", and above 450 "severe plus".

At 5 pm on Friday, CPCB data indicated that PM2.5 and PM10 were the primary pollutants, with PM2.5 levels at 194 µg/m³ and PM10 at 325 µg/m³.

These fine particles, particularly PM2.5, pose significant health risks as they can penetrate deep into the lungs and enter the bloodstream.

The Centre’s Decision Support System (DSS) for Air Quality Management attributed 15.16 percent of Delhi's pollution on Friday to vehicular emissions, while stubble burning, another major contributor, accounted for 17.9 percent of PM2.5 levels on Thursday.

Amid Delhi's escalating pollution crisis, the CPCB has highlighted limited feasibility of cloud seeding as an emergency measure during winters in northern India, citing insufficient moisture and reliance on pre-existing clouds influenced by western disturbances.

In an RTI reply, the central pollution body citing IIT Kanpur study, said that pre-existing clouds with at least 50 percent moisture are essential for the success of such an initiative.

It said that in northern India, winter clouds are often influenced by western disturbances, and the moisture content in the air remains low, limiting the scope of successful operations, according to the CPCB reply.

The CPCB also highlighted the estimated cost of the proposed experiment, which is approximately Rs 3 crore. The proposal includes a minimum coverage area of 100 km² and involves five sorties (cloud seeding attempts).

It came against the backdrop of the Delhi government's frequent requests to the Centre seeking permission for artificial rain to combat the rising level of pollution in the national capital.

According to Delhi Environment Minister Gopal Rai, he has written to Union Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav four times, urging the Centre to consider cloud seeding as a potential solution.

Rai on Friday asked Chief Secretary Dharmendra to ensure strict enforcement and coordinated implementation of restrictions under the fourth stage of Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) among all departments.

In his letter, Rai stressed that while there has been a slight improvement in AQI levels in recent days, the situation demands urgent and sustained action from all concerned departments.

On Friday, the apex court appointed 13 Supreme Court lawyers as court commissioners to visit the various entry points in Delhi to ascertain whether restrictions on entry of trucks were implemented or not.

The apex court said it would consider on November 25 whether or not to ease the anti-pollution GRAP-4 restrictions in Delhi-NCR keeping in view the drop in air quality index levels.

A bench of Justices Abhay S Oka and Augustine George Masih expressed displeasure over the poor implementation of GRAP-4 restrictions, especially related to restricting entry of trucks carrying non-essential goods into Delhi.

Meanwhile, farm fires also continue to be a significant source of pollution.

On Friday, Punjab reported 147 incidents of stubble burning, Haryana recorded 17, and Uttar Pradesh reported 232.

Between September 15 and November 22, 2024, Punjab recorded 10,443 farm fire incidents, Haryana 1,210, and Uttar Pradesh 4,100, according to satellite data.

Delhi’s air quality had plunged into the hazardous category on Monday, with the season’s highest average AQI of 495.

Following this, the Supreme Court-mandated Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) Stage 4 restrictions were implemented across the city to mitigate the worsening air pollution crisis.

Meanwhile, The city, covered in a blanket of fog and smitten by chilly wind, saw a maximum temperature of 27.2 degrees Celsius, a notch above the normal on Friday.

The humidity levels fluctuated between 94 percent and 71 percent during the day, according to the weather department.

The night time temperature recorded on Friday 11 degrees Celsius, 0.3 notch below the normal, according to the weather department.

The IMD has forecast shallow fog for Saturday, with the maximum and minimum temperatures expected to settle at 28 degrees Celsius and 10 degrees Celsius.