IVF has provided numerous couples with a second great gift. Although with hope comes frustration because every failed cycle is equivalent to a loss. However, Failure of IVF again doesn't indicate that the journey is complete and with a proper diagnostic plan and expert guidance, conception isn't impossible.
Dr Pooja Trehan, Consultant pathologist and zonal chief of labs - Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand, Metropolis Healthcare Ltd discusses a step-by-step discussion of some significant investigations and issues to be evaluated after repeated failure of IVF is as follows: 1. Genetic Testing: Required for both partners
- Karyotyping or Chromosomal Microarray: Facilitates the identification of chromosomal abnormalities in either of the partners.
- PGT-A (Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy): Tests embryos prior to implantation for genetic disorders, raising the probability of a successful pregnancy.
- Genetic Counseling: Comes in handy in recurrent pregnancy loss or implantation failure to find out the way forward.
2. Autoimmune testing
Some autoimmune conditions might hinder successful embryo implantation.
- Lupus Anticoagulant
- ANA (Antinuclear Antibody)
- Cardiolipin Antibody
- Thrombophilia Panel: Identifies blood clotting disorders which might interfere with implantation.
Besides regular semen testing, further tests can identify causes of male infertility:
- Sperm DNA Fragmentation Test
- Sperm Aneuploidy Testing
- Sperm Antibody Test
Certain infections cause embryo implantation failure and IVF failure. Infections to screen for:
- Chlamydia
- Gonorrhoea
- Herpes
- Tuberculosis
- Toxoplasmosis
- CMV (Cytomegalovirus)
- Rubella
The first blood tests are required to prepare the body for successful implantation.
- Thyroid Function Tests (T3, T4, TSH)
- AMH (Anti-Müllerian Hormone)
- Estrogen, Progesterone, FSH, LH
- Prolactin, Testosterone
- Blood Sugar Levels (Fasting/PP/HbA1c)
6. Uterine evaluation
Problems with the uterus may have a great influence on implantation success.
- Ultrasound: To detect fibroids, polyps, or adhesions.
- Hysteroscopy: Provides direct visual inspection of the uterine cavity for disease.
IVF takes more than science; it's emotional, economic, and physical. But:
- Each cycle is another chance.
- Advanced technologies can reveal concealed causes.
- Identifying the right physician and individualized plan can be the breakthrough.
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