Did you know there are different types of delusions? Find out here

Definition and Core Concept
A delusion refers to a fixed, false belief that is sustained despite evidence to the contrary. Such a belief is not shared by the person’s culture or subculture. There is a disturbance in the thought content, and is seen in psychotic disorders like schizophrenia and mood disorders. (Picture Credit: Canva)

Delusion of Persecution
One of the most common types of delusions is the delusion of persecution. The individual begins to believe that someone is plotting against them or is conspiring to harm them in some way or the other. They may become suspicious of neighbours or colleagues or even authorities. (Picture Credit: Canva)

Delusion of Reference
Another delusion is that of reference, where the affected individual believes that inanimate objects or neutral events have some special significance. They begin to misinterpret coincidences and make a personal meaning out of it. They might think that people are giving them some hidden messages or signals. (Picture Credit: Canva)

Delusion of Grandeur
Delusion of grandeur, or grandiosity, occurs when the persons think that they have exceptional abilities, or some divine powers. They may believe themselves to be famous historical figures or a genius of sorts. Such delusions are quite commonly seen in episodes of mania. (Picture Credit: Canva)

Delusion of Control
When individuals begin believing that their thoughts and feelings, along with their actions, are being controlled by an external force, it is known as a delusion of control. They may feel like puppets, being controlled by aliens, or spirits, or even technology. The delusion of control is characteristic of schizophrenia. (Picture Credit: Canva)

Nihilistic or Cotard’s Syndrome
Cotard’s syndrome, also referred to as nihilistic delusion, involves a false belief that the person’s body has been destroyed, or their existence is lost, and they aren’t real. Some people may tend to think that they passed away, or the world has come to an end. (Picture Credit: Canva)

Somatic Delusion
In conditions like hypochondriacal psychosis or somatic type delusional disorder, the affected individual becomes preoccupied with a belief that their internal organs are rotting, or have become home to a number of parasites. Such delusions about physical defects or bodily functions are somatic delusions. (Picture Credit: Canva)

Delusion of Jealousy
Another variant is seen in the delusion disorder, (also seen in alcoholism), where the person involved firmly believes that their spouse or partner is unfaithful, even though there exists no evidence to prove such belief. This condition is also called the Othello syndrome. (Picture Credit: Canva)

Pharmacological Treatment
Pharmacological management may be advised to deal with delusions, and identifying the underlying cause is often the first step. In cases of schizophrenia and delusional disorder, typical antipsychotic medications may be advised, like haloperidol, or atypical ones like risperidone. (Picture Credit: Canva)

Therapy and Supportive Care
Medications are usually given along with concurrent counselling. Cognitive behavioural therapy can help the individuals question their beliefs in a supportive manner. Family therapy and supportive therapy also aid in the prognosis, and consistent follow-up can help prevent the condition from worsening. (Picture Credit: Canva) Disclaimer: This article, including health and fitness advice, only provides generic information. Don’t treat it as a substitute for qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist for specific health diagnosis.