Birsa Munda Jayanti, also known as Janjatiya Gaurav Divas or Tribal Pride Day, is celebrated every year on November 15 to honour the legacy of Birsa Munda, an inspirational tribal leader and freedom fighter. This day, observed widely across India, particularly in tribal communities, marks the birth anniversary of Birsa Munda, who dedicated his life to the fight for tribal rights and social reforms.
Who Was Birsa Munda?
Born on November 15, 1875, in Ulihatu, a village now part of Jharkhand, Birsa Munda belonged to the Munda tribe. His family faced significant economic hardships, and from a young age, he was aware of the challenges his community faced under British rule and oppressive land policies. As he grew older, Birsa’s desire to address these injustices led him to become a leader for his people and a symbol of resistance against British authorities.
Birsa was more than just a freedom fighter, he was also a social reformer. Recognising harmful practices within tribal society, he sought to improve the lives of his community by discouraging superstitions, substance abuse, and other destructive habits. He promoted unity, truthfulness, and self-reliance among his followers, setting a strong foundation for the Munda community and other tribes. His religious movement, known as "Birsaait," encouraged simple, moral living and laid emphasis on the value of community.
The Declaration of National Tribal Pride Day
In 2021, the Indian government officially recognised November 15 as National Tribal Pride Day to honour the memory of Birsa Munda and the contributions of other tribal leaders to India’s history. This day serves as an occasion to celebrate the culture, traditions, and achievements of the tribal communities. Programmes are organised nationwide, including cultural performances, exhibitions, and discussions, to raise awareness about tribal heritage and recognise the sacrifices and contributions of India’s tribal population.
Significance of Birsa Munda Jayanti
Birsa Munda Jayanti has become a day of pride for India’s tribal communities, highlighting their role in the country’s history. It is a reminder of the importance of standing up for one's rights and preserving cultural heritage. Across Jharkhand and Odisha, the day is marked by public holidays, with various celebrations honouring Birsa Munda’s legacy and the enduring resilience of the tribal people. Many communities, schools, and organisations arrange events such as debates, speeches, and exhibitions that focus on Birsa’s life, values, and the broader contributions of tribal leaders.
The teachings and struggles of Birsa Munda continue to hold significant meaning. His efforts in social reform and his fight for justice are seen as crucial steps toward India’s freedom and as important foundations for tribal self-respect and cultural preservation. His legacy, celebrated through Birsa Munda Jayanti, serves as a source of inspiration, courage, and hope, reminding people of the importance of justice, unity, and cultural pride.
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