Who can apply and basic eligibility
In India, education loans are granted to students pursuing recognised courses after Class 12, either in India or abroad. The applicant must be an Indian citizen and needs to have secured admission into a recognised institution. A co-applicant, usually a parent or guardian, is mandatory. The lenders consider the student's academic background, entrance test scores, quality of the institution, and prospective career outcomes, especially in the case of international courses.
What the loan covers in terms of expenses
These loans cover more than tuition fees. Generally, banks and financial institutions include examination charges, laboratory fees, library deposits, travel expenses for foreign study, hostel and accommodation costs, insurance, and even laptops and study materials. For students going abroad, a portion of living expenses may also be financed. This ensures that the loan covers the complete cost of education rather than just classroom fees.
Types of education loans available
In a broad sense, there are loans for domestic education and loans for overseas education. Domestic loans have lower ticket sizes and simpler documentation. Loans for international programmes often come with higher limits and more detailed checks with respect to university and course. Many banks follow a standardized framework for education loans to ensure minimum features such as flexible repayment and subsidised interest for eligible students. Private lenders offer customized products with faster processing but may charge higher interest rates.
How interest rates are set
The interest rates on education loans are generally floating and linked to an external benchmark, which could be the repo-linked lending rate. Rates are lower for secured loans, higher for unsecured loans, especially for overseas study. Female students often get a small concession. Because rates are linked to the benchmark, they may rise or fall during the repayment period.
Do you require collateral?
Loans below a certain cut-off generally need no collateral if the coapplicant has adequate income and an acceptable repayment record. Larger loans, especially for studying abroad, typically need collateral in the form of residential property, fixed deposits or insurance policies. A few lenders also accept third-party guarantees in lieu of property, while NBFCs offer collateral-free loans, albeit at a slightly higher interest rate.
How to apply for the loan
Students can apply online or offline. The application requires the admission letter, fee structure, KYC documents of both applicant and co-applicant, income proofs, bank statements, and collateral details if any. After review, the lender sanctions the loan and issues a sanction letter, which students may be required to show for their visa applications. The fees are disbursed directly to the institution in instalments, usually corresponding with semesters or academic years.
Repayment and moratorium
The education loan has a moratorium period, which, in a simple explanation, means that the repayment begins after the completion of the course and an additional grace period. During this study time, interest is accrued, and students can pay simple interest to decrease the total cost. After the moratorium, the loan repayment tenure is usually 10 to 15 years, giving graduates sufficient time to begin earning before the EMI payments begin.
Tax benefits that reduce the cost
The interest on an education loan is deductible up to eight years under Section 80E of the Income Tax Act. There is no ceiling on the interest amount that could be claimed, and thus education loans are relatively cheaper compared to personal loans or withdrawing long-term savings.
Why education loans are still a good option
Education loans allow students to pursue higher studies without immediately putting pressure on family finances. They preserve savings, help students build early credit history, and distribute the cost of education over several years. With the rising costs of higher education both in India and abroad, a structured education loan is a transparent, stable, and reliable means of financial planning.
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