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Scared of coronavirus? The two Ps that will see you through

The epidemic has now spread to 73 countries, many of which are taking aggressive steps to combat the disease.

March 03, 2020 / 15:15 IST
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Coronavirus (Representative image)
Coronavirus (Representative image)

Prevention and patience are the two Ps that you should rely on to navigate the mayhem unleashed by the coronavirus, which at the last count had spread to 73 countries and killed more than 3,000 people, most of them in China.

Investor sentiment is fragile and the market is volatile as the virus that has flu-like symptoms and causes respiratory distress, fans concern about the health of the global economy.

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India, too, has not been spared, with the country confirming three cases in the last two days, taking the total infections to six. Several samples have been sent for testing as well.

The outbreak has forced countries to take a string of measures like travel restrictions, home quarantines and ban on mass events to check the spread of infection.

COVID-19 Vaccine
Frequently Asked Questions

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How does a vaccine work?

A vaccine works by mimicking a natural infection. A vaccine not only induces immune response to protect people from any future COVID-19 infection, but also helps quickly build herd immunity to put an end to the pandemic. Herd immunity occurs when a sufficient percentage of a population becomes immune to a disease, making the spread of disease from person to person unlikely. The good news is that SARS-CoV-2 virus has been fairly stable, which increases the viability of a vaccine.

How many types of vaccines are there?

There are broadly four types of vaccine — one, a vaccine based on the whole virus (this could be either inactivated, or an attenuated [weakened] virus vaccine); two, a non-replicating viral vector vaccine that uses a benign virus as vector that carries the antigen of SARS-CoV; three, nucleic-acid vaccines that have genetic material like DNA and RNA of antigens like spike protein given to a person, helping human cells decode genetic material and produce the vaccine; and four, protein subunit vaccine wherein the recombinant proteins of SARS-COV-2 along with an adjuvant (booster) is given as a vaccine.

What does it take to develop a vaccine of this kind?

Vaccine development is a long, complex process. Unlike drugs that are given to people with a diseased, vaccines are given to healthy people and also vulnerable sections such as children, pregnant women and the elderly. So rigorous tests are compulsory. History says that the fastest time it took to develop a vaccine is five years, but it usually takes double or sometimes triple that time.
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