Thailand’s capital city Bangkok’s real name is so long and convoluted that it has become the stuff of legends. Krung Thep Mahanakhon Amon Rattanakosin Mahinthara Ayuthaya Mahadilok Phop Noppharat Ratchathani Burirom Udomratchaniwet Mahasathan Amon Piman Awatan Sathit Sakkathattiya Witsanukam Prasit – this 168-letter name is a tongue twister that has made Bangkok the place with the world's longest name.
The origins of this mouthful of a name can be traced back to the 18th century during the reign of King Rama I. The city, founded in 1782 as the new capital of Siam (now Thailand), underwent a series of transformations.
The original name, Thonburi, was expanded to include the ceremonial name, Krung Thep, meaning "City of Angels." The full ceremonial name, however, was established later to break the world record for the longest place name.
Each component of the name carries historical and cultural weight. "Krung Thep" harks back to the city's ancient roots, emphasizing its divine and angelic nature. "Mahanakhon" signifies the great city, acknowledging its stature as the capital.
"Amon Rattanakosin" pays homage to the former capital, Ayuthaya, and "Mahadilok" invokes the idea of a prosperous and divine land.
The name's significance reflects the country's deep connection to its heritage. The whole translation of the name is: "City of Angels, great city of immortals, magnificent city of nine gems, seat of the king, city of royal palaces, home of gods incarnate, erected by Vishvakarman at Indra's behest."
Over time, however, the practicalities of everyday communication led to the adoption of the more manageable moniker, Bangkok. The name Bangkok has its roots in the local dialect, with "Bang" meaning village and "Kok" referring to wild plums, which were abundant in the area. As the city expanded and modernized, the shorter name gained prevalence in both local and international contexts.
Today, while the official ceremonial name is rarely used in daily conversation, “Krung Thep Maha Nakhon" is a shortened version that most Thais use for Bangkok.
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