In what seems to be the fourth Nipah outbreak in Kerala since 2018, two Nipah deaths have been reported in the state’s Kozhikode district between August and September. (Image: News18 Creative)
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India’s first Nipah outbreak recognized in Siliguri in 2001; 45 people lost their lives. (Image: News18 Creative)
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Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic virus (transmitted from animals to humans). It can also be transmitted through contaminated food or directly between people. (Image: News18 Creative)
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In infected people, it causes a range of illness from asymptomatic (subclinical) infection to acute respiratory illness and fatal encephalitis. (Image: News18 Creative)
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According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), Nipah virus is caused by fruit bats and is potentially fatal to humans as well as animals. (Image: News18 Creative)
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Nipah virus was first recognized during an outbreak among pig farmers in Malaysia in 1999. The outbreak also affected Singapore. (Image: News18 Creative)
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From 2001 to 2008, around half of reported cases in Bangladesh were due to human-to-human transmission through providing care to infected patients. (Image: News18 Creative)
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Human infections range from asymptomatic infection to acute respiratory infection (mild, severe), and fatal encephalitis. (Image: News18 Creative)
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Most people who survive acute encephalitis make a full recovery, but long term neurologic conditions have been reported in survivors. (Image: News18 Creative)
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To reduce risk of transmission, wear protective clothing when handling sick animals, avoid unprotected contact with infected individuals and practice regular hand washing after caring for or visiting sick people. (Image: News18 Creative)
