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8 December 2025
Monday
RBI slashes repo rate, trims inflation as Fed and global data turn supportive.
Last week Reserve Bank of India took significant measures aimed at supporting economic growth while managing inflation, cutting the repo rate by 25 basis points to 5.25%. Over 2025, central bank has cumulatively reduced rates by 125 basis points, reflecting its accommodative stance in light of stable fundamentals and subdued inflation. RBI has also revised its GDP growth estimate for FY26 upward to 7.3%, from an earlier 6.8%, indicating confidence in the economy’s resilience. Concurrently, the inflation forecast for the same period was trimmed to 2.0%, down from 2.6%, signaling expectations of continued price stability. The RBI also announced liquidity operations including Rs 1 lakh crore in open market operations and a USD 5bln buy/sell swap to be conducted on December 16, which underscores its commitment to ensuring sufficient liquidity in the system.
Economic indicators from November presented a mixed but constructive outlook. India manufacturing PMI softened to 56.6, reflecting the slowest improvement in manufacturing conditions in nine months. In contrast, services sector showed robust expansion with the services PMI rising to 59.8, suggesting a “historically sharp” increase in output.
On the global front, the US dollar index weakened by approximately 0.5% as financial markets anticipated a 25 bps rate cut by the Federal Reserve. US ISM surveys highlighted softness in manufacturing, which contracted with a PMI of 48.2, while service sector prices remained elevated above 65, a sign of ongoing inflationary pressures. The labor market data showed mixed signals with initial jobless claims at a three-year low contrasted by a decline in private payrolls per the ADP report, pointing toward emerging labor market weaknesses. Europe and Asia showed divergent economic movements. EZ’s inflation rate rose unexpectedly to 2.2% year-over-year in November, reinforcing ECB decision to maintain deposit rates at 2.00%. Wage growth accelerated to 4.0% annually, exceeding ECB staff forecasts and casting doubt on further rate cuts in 2026. The UK's economic optimism was buoyed by the Office of Budget Responsibility’s upward revision of its 2025 GDP forecast to 1.5%, while the GBP strengthened amid the anticipation of US Fed easing. Japan's economic scenario showed mixed signals; household spending fell sharply by 3% year-over-year in October, the steepest decline in nearly a year, while services PMI edged up, and manufacturing remained in contraction. Bank of Japan Governor Ueda hinted at a possible rate hike in December to adjust current monetary easing, but affirmed policy would remain supportive overall. The country’s government announced its largest stimulus package since the pandemic focusing on strategic investments like AI, aiming to revive the manufacturing sector.
Energy markets are also responding to geopolitical and economic factors, with crude oil prices hitting two-week highs. Brent crude rose by 2.2% and US WTI crude by more than 5%, driven by expectations of Fed rate cuts, increased global energy demand, and potential disruptions from sanctions against Russia and Venezuela.. Looking ahead to the week of December 8, the global market focus will be on the Fed’s final monetary policy meeting of 2025, with a rate cut widely anticipated.
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