The government-appointed gas price review panel headed by Kirit Parikh on November 30 submitted its report recommending a floor of $4 per (Metric Million British Thermal Unit) and a cap of $6.50/mmBtu for legacy and old fields fields being operated by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) and Oil India Ltd (OIL).
According to the report, by January 1, 2027, the cap and the floor would be removed and the prices would be market-determined for gas which is currently under Administered Pricing Mechanism (APM). The government will now deliberate on the report and consider converting it into policy.
For the gas from difficult fields such as those lying in deepsea or which are in high-pressure, high-temperature zones, the committee has suggested no tinkering with the existing mechanism of paying them higher rates based on a different formula to compensate for the greater risk and cost involved. These fields have by and large pricing freedom but are constrained by an upper cap that the government prescribes and updates from time to time. The Krishna Godaveri block D6 (KG-D6) fields of Reliance Industries Ltd and its joint venture partner bp plc are governed by the pricing formula for difficult fields that will remain unchanged for now. However, the report suggests that the upper cap should be removed from January 1, 2026.
“The whole idea to do all this is that we wanted to make sure that the government’s target of 15 percent of gas in the Indian economy by 2030 has a chance of fullfilment. That requires that we produce a lot of domestic gas. Currently only 6 percent of our total energy is from gas and we are importing 50 percent of gas,” Parikh told CNBC-TV18.
The committee’s recommended price band of $4-6.50/unit would be applicable for those legacy or old fields of ONGC and OIL -- where the cost has long been recovered and which are currently governed by a formula that uses rates in gas-surplus nations such as the US, Canada, and Russia.
In September, the government constituted the committee, led by energy expert and former Planning Commission (since renamed NITI Aayog) member Kirit Parikh, to review the gas pricing formula for gas produced in the country with the aim to ensure a fair price even as global prices for gas remained high.
“We have listened to all stakeholders and considered their concerns. And we have tried to balance them in the sense that we give all producers adequate returns, distributors adequate margin and consumer fair price. We didn’t want to increase any burden on the government,” said Parikh.
Gas from legacy fields is sold to city gas distributors who had to raise rates of CNG and piped cooking gas by over 70 per cent after prices went up from $2.90 per million British thermal unit till March to $6.10 in April and further to $8.57 last month, reflecting a surge in global rates. This rise in rates, which narrowed the gap between CNG and polluting diesel, had prompted the review.
This would ensure that explorers, who are seeing a surge in cost of services due to the spike in global energy rates, are not put at a disadvantage.
On October 1, prices of natural gas were increased 40 per cent as part of the government's six-monthly review of prices. The government sets the price of gas every six months, on April 1 and October 1, each year based on rates prevalent in gas-surplus nations such as the US, Canada and Russia in one year with a lag of one quarter.
(With inputs from agencies)
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