Spinal tuberculosis in teens: Why spinal deformities, nerve complications are rising among adolescents

Causes of spinal tuberculosis in teenagers: Doctors are reporting a rise in spinal deformities and nerve complications among young patients who are addicted to gaming or hooked to their devices (Image: Canva)

Spinal tuberculosis (TB) is a condition that can quietly progress, especially when early symptoms are ignored. Among adolescents, increasingly sedentary lifestyles, often a result of  extended screen time, can delay detection, making treatment more complex. Doctors are reporting a rise in spinal deformities and nerve complications among young patients who initially dismiss symptoms as minor discomfort.

In one recent case, a teenage boy with a year-long gaming routine gradually began experiencing fatigue, back stiffness, and changes in posture. His limited physical activity hid the signs of spinal TB until more serious issues like difficulty walking and bladder control emerged. Medical imaging later confirmed spinal cord compression due to TB, which required urgent surgical intervention. Post-operation, a structured recovery plan involving physiotherapy and counselling helped him regain mobility and adjust behavioural patterns.

Experts at the Indian Spinal Injuries Centre (ISIC) emphasise that early detection is critical. “The longer the delay, the more complex the recovery,” says Dr Vikas Tandon, Chief of Spine Services at ISIC. Advanced tools like spinal navigation systems now help surgeons operate with greater precision, but identifying red flags, like persistent back pain, visible posture changes, or fatigue, is still the first step.

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Here’s what you need to know: 

• Reduced physical activity can delay diagnosis: When movement is limited, especially in adolescents, early signs of spinal conditions may not be noticed until they become severe.

• Gaming and isolation can have physical effects: “It’s not just a behavioural concern,” informs Dr Tandon. “Sedentary habits can contribute to musculoskeletal issues and delay medical attention,” he adds.

• Spinal tuberculosis is serious but manageable: Early intervention is critical. Symptoms can be subtle at first, persistent back pain, stiffness, or unusual posture changes.

• Technology helps, but timing matters: Surgical tools can aid in precision, but outcomes depend heavily on when the problem is identified.

• Recovery is not only physical: Behavioural support plays a role in addressing habits that may have contributed to late diagnosis or delayed care.

• Family involvement is essential: Noticing small changes and encouraging help-seeking behaviour early can make a difference.