Menopause marks a natural phase in a woman's biological journey, one that shouldn't be feared. Rather than approaching it anxiously, proactive preparation is key. Understanding the signs and symptoms empowers women to confidently navigate this transition with knowledge and assurance.
What is menopause?
Menopause is a biological process signifying the end of a woman's reproductive years. It occurs in three stages:
Perimenopause: This transitional period can last up to 10 years, often beginning in a woman's 40s, says Noida-based women and child healthcare expert Manisha Goswami. Symptoms of perimenopause include hot flashes, night sweats, and mood swings.
Menopause: Officially diagnosed when a woman has not menstruated for 12 consecutive months, menopause marks the cessation of ovary function and the end of the ability to conceive.
Post menopause: This phase follows menopause for the remainder of a woman's life. During post menopause, there may be an increased risk of health conditions like heart disease and osteoporosis due to declining estrogen levels, says Goswami.
7 signs that show menopause is approaching
Changes in menstrual periods: Irregular periods, heavier or lighter flows, or the cessation of menstruation altogether are common signs.
Hot flashes: Sudden feelings of heat often accompanied by sweating and flushing can occur for several years.
Mood swings: Hormonal fluctuations can lead to mood swings, anxiety, or depression.
Night sweats: Hot flashes during sleep, leading to disrupted sleep patterns.
Vaginal and bladder changes: Decreased estrogen levels can cause vaginal dryness, infections, discomfort during intercourse, and bladder control issues.
Cognitive changes: Some women may experience difficulty concentrating or have memory problems due to hormonal changes.
Sleep disturbances: Trouble falling or staying asleep is common during menopause, often due to night sweats or hormonal changes.
Managing menopause symptoms
Lifestyle changes
Healthy diet: Focus on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins in your daily diet.
Regular exercise: It is beneficial for mood, weight management, and overall health.
Stress reduction: Techniques like yoga, meditation, or deep breathing can be helpful.
When to seek help
If menopause symptoms significantly affect quality of life, consulting a healthcare provider is essential. They can offer personalised recommendations and treatments to manage symptoms effectively.
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