Higher blood pressure, or hypertension, is more frequently linked to elderly people. However, a concerning trend is emerging: young individuals are becoming increasingly prone to hypertension. This condition, characterised by persistently high blood pressure, is becoming a major health issue for people in their 20s and 30s. Stress, dietary changes, and lifestyle changes are some of the factors contributing to the rise of hypertension in this age group.
Even though hypertension is common, many young individuals remain unaware of the potential risks because the condition often has no symptoms in its early stages. Later in life, this ignorance may lead to serious health issues such as kidney damage, heart disease, and even stroke. Understanding the causes, effects, and preventive measures of hypertension in young adults is crucial for fostering a healthier, more informed population, according to Dr Ajay Kumar Gupta, Director of Internal Medicine, Max Hospital, Vaishali.
Causes of hypertension in young adults
Young people are increasingly experiencing hypertension for a variety of reasons. A major contributing factor is sedentary lifestyles, which are characterised by extended periods of inactivity, says Dr Gupta. The risk is further increased by consuming more processed foods that are high in sugar, fats and sodium.
To make matters worse, the ubiquitous influence of technology is contributing to a decrease in physical activity and an increase in screen time. Stress increases blood pressure further, whether it comes from personal issues, work expectations or academic pressures. Additionally, some people may be predisposed to hypertension at a younger age due to genetics.
Effects on the body and health
Hypertension can have a significant impact on the body and overall health, particularly if it begins early in life. The elevated risk of cardiovascular diseases, such as heart attacks and strokes, is one of the main causes for concern.
Elevated blood pressure causes additional strain on the heart and blood vessels, eventually weakening and damaging them. This can lead to diseases like atherosclerosis, which narrows and hardens the arteries, impeding blood flow. Another serious effect of uncontrolled hypertension is kidney damage.
Healthy blood arteries are essential for the kidneys to efficiently filter waste from the blood. These arteries may be damaged by high blood pressure, which can eventually result in decreased kidney function or even kidney failure. Additionally, hypertension can damage the blood vessels in the eyes, impairing vision, says Dr Gupta.
Preventive measures and management
Preventing and managing hypertension in young adults requires a multifaceted approach. Adopting a healthy lifestyle is essential. Regular physical activity, such as swimming, jogging, or even brisk walking, can help maintain normal blood pressure levels.
It is also important to follow a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low in sodium. The risks of hypertension can be significantly reduced by practicing mindfulness, yoga, or meditation as stress management strategies. Regular health check-ups and blood pressure monitoring can also aid in the early detection and management of the condition.
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