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Consistent physical activity slows decline in memory, reasoning, and processing, delaying possible dementia onset and degeneration
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High cardiorespiratory fitness preserves superior parietal brain region volume and supports inductive reasoning and verbal memory maintenance
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Regular movement improves brain resilience, enabling people to tolerate neuro‑pathology without showing early signs of cognitive impairment
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Even light daily activity like walking or domestic chores improves cognitive processing speed equivalent to reversing four years’ ageing
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Being consistently active in adulthood lowers all‑cause death risk by around 30–40 per cent compared to inactivity
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Staying active improves verbal fluency, memory retention, and processing speed even in sixties
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Just ten days of inactivity increases hippocampal insulin resistance and reactive oxygen species, endangering memory and learning clarity
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Aerobic exercise boosts BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) and improving neuron growth, synaptic plasticity, memory and stress resilience
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Physical activity restores hippocampal gene expression responsible for neuron survival, delaying Alzheimer’s pathology in model organisms
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Starting or sustaining physical activity at any adult age contributes to cognitive and longevity benefits over decades