10 Underrated Ancient Philosophies of Aristotle

Aristotle argued that true happiness comes from living a life of virtue and realizing one’s potential, rather than pursuing fleeting pleasures or material wealth.

Aristotle’s concept of the “Golden Mean” suggests that virtue lies between two extremes of excess and deficiency. For example, courage is the mean between recklessness and cowardice.

Aristotle believed that everything in nature has a purpose or end goal (telos). This idea, central to his philosophy, is often overshadowed by his more empirical observations.

In his Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle dedicates significant attention to the role of friendship in a good life. He identifies three types of friendship: utility, pleasure, and virtue, with the latter being the highest form.

Aristotle emphasized that virtue is not innate but developed through habit. By repeatedly practicing virtuous actions, one becomes virtuous. This idea is simple yet profound, offering practical guidance for personal development.

Phronesis refers to the ability to make sound judgments and decisions in real-life situations. Aristotle considered it a key intellectual virtue, bridging the gap between theory and practice.

Unlike Plato, who saw the soul and body as separate, Aristotle argued that they are intrinsically connected. He believed the soul is the form of the body, giving it life and purpose.

Aristotle valued leisure not as idle time but as an opportunity for intellectual and moral growth. He believed that true leisure allows individuals to engage in philosophy and self-reflection, contributing to a meaningful life.

In his Poetics, Aristotle argued that art, particularly tragedy, imitates life and has the power to evoke emotions like pity and fear, leading to catharsis. 

Aristotle introduced the idea of hexis, a stable disposition or state of character that guides our actions. It’s not just about what we do but who we are.