The FAQs relating to demat have been covered in the Investor Education section of the SEBI website in a separate head. They are available on the http://investor.sebi.gov.in/faq/dematfaq.html.

Most of the issue complaints pertain to non-receipt of refund or allotment, or delay in receipt of refund or allotment and payment of interest thereon. These complaints shall be made to the post issue Lead Manager, who in turn will take up the matter with registrar to redress the complaints. In case the investor does not receive any reply within a reasonable time, investor may complain to SEBI, Office of investors Assistance.

In the pre-issue process, the Lead Manager (LM) takes up the due diligence of company’s operations/ management/ business plans/ legal etc. Other activities of the LM include drafting and design of Offer documents, Prospectus, statutory advertisements and memorandum containing salient features of the Prospectus. The BRLMs shall ensure compliance with stipulated requirements and completion of prescribed formalities with the Stock Exchanges, RoC and SEBI including finalisation of Prospectus and RoC filing. Appointment of other intermediaries viz., Registrar(s), Printers, Advertising Agency and Bankers to the Offer is also included in the pre-issue processes.

The LM also draws up the various marketing strategies for the issue. The post issue activities including management of escrow accounts, coordinate non-institutional allocation, intimation of allocation and dispatch of refunds to bidders etc are performed by the LM. The post Offer activities for the Offer will involve essential follow-up steps, which include the finalization of trading and dealing of instruments and dispatch of certificates and demat of delivery of shares, with the various agencies connected with the work such as the Registrar(s) to the Offer and Bankers to the Offer and the bank handling refund business. The merchant banker shall be responsible for ensuring that these agencies fulfill their functions and enable it to discharge this responsibility through suitable agreements with the Company.

The Registrar finalizes the list of eligible allottees after deleting the invalid applications and ensures that the corporate action for crediting of shares to the demat accounts of the applicants is done and the dispatch of refund orders to those applicable are sent. The Lead manager coordinates with the Registrar to ensure follow up so that that the flow of applications from collecting bank branches, processing of the applications and other matters till the basis of allotment is finalized, dispatch security certificates and refund orders completed and securities listed.

Bankers to the issue, as the name suggests, carries out all the activities of ensuring that the funds are collected and transferred to the Escrow accounts. The Lead Merchant Banker shall ensure that Bankers to the Issue are appointed in all the mandatory collection centers as specified in DIP Guidelines. The LM also ensures follow-up with bankers to the issue to get quick estimates of collection and advising the issuer about closure of the issue, based on the correct figures.

SEBI does not play any role in the assessment made by the grading agency. The grading is intended to be an independent and unbiased opinion of that agency.

IPO grading is the grade assigned by a Credit Rating Agency registered with SEBI, to the initial public offering (IPO) of equity shares or any other security which may be converted into or exchanged with equity shares at a later date. The grade represents a relative assessment of the fundamentals of that issue in relation to the other listed equity securities in India. Such grading is generally assigned on a five-point point scale with a higher score indicating stronger fundamentals and vice versa as below.

IPO grade 1: Poor fundamentals

IPO grade 2: Below-average fundamentals

IPO grade 3: Average fundamentals

IPO grade 4: Above-average fundamentals

IPO grade 5: Strong fundamentals

IPO grading has been introduced as an endeavor to make additional information available for the investors in order to facilitate their assessment of equity issues offered through an IPO

The brokers have to maintain a database of their clients, for which you have to fill client registration form. In case of individual client registration, you have to broadly provide following information:


•Permanent Account Number (PAN), which has been made mandatory for all the investors participating in the securities market.
•Your name, date of birth, photograph, address, educational qualifications, occupation, residential status(Resident Indian/ NRI/others)
•Bank and depository account details
•If you are registered with any other broker, then the name of broker and concerned Stock exchange and Client Code Number.

For proof of address (any one of the following):

•Passport
•Voter ID
•Driving license
•Bank Passbook
•Rent Agreement
•Ration Card
•Flat Maintenance Bill
•Telephone Bill
•Electricity Bill
•Insurance Policy

Each client has to use one registration form. In case of joint names /family members, a separate form has to be submitted for each person.

In case of Corporate Client, following information has to be provided:
•Name, address of the Company/Firm
•Date of incorporation and date of commencement of business.
•Registration number(with ROC, SEBI or any government authority)
•Details of PAN
•Details of Promoters/Partners/Key managerial Personnel of the Company/Firm in specified format.
•Bank and Depository Account Details
•Copies of the balance sheet for the last 2 financial years (copies of annual balance sheet to be submitted every year)
•Copy of latest share holding pattern including list of all those holding more than 5% in the share capital of the company, duly certified by the Company Secretary / Whole time Director/MD. (copy of updated shareholding pattern to be submitted every year)
•Copies of the Memorandum and Articles of Association in case of a company / body corporate, partnership deed in case of a partnership firm
•Copy of the Resolution of board of directors' approving participation in equity / derivatives / debt trading and naming authorized persons for dealing in securities.
•Photographs of Partners/Whole time directors, individual promoters holding 5% or more, either directly or indirectly, in the shareholding of the company and of persons authorized to deal in securities.
•If registered with any other broker, then the name of broker and concerned Stock exchange and Client Code Number.

The syndicate member returns the counterfoil with the signature, date and stamp of the syndicate member. The investor can retain this as a sufficient proof that the bids have been taken into account.

Whenever a bid is entered by trading members in to the system, a unique transaction registration slip is automatically generated. Transaction registration slip gives details regarding number of shares bid for, price, the client name etc.

You have following recourses available:•Office of Investor Assistance and Education (OIAE) : You can lodge a complaint with OIAE Department of SEBI against companies for delay, non-receipt of shares, refund orders, etc., and with Stock Exchanges against brokers on certain trade disputes or non receipt of payment/securities.

Arbitration: If no amicable settlement could be reached, then you can make application for reference to Arbitration under the Bye Laws of concerned Stock Exchange.

Court of Law

The form for applying/bidding of shares is available with all syndicate members, collection centers, the brokers to the issue and the bankers to the issue.

You can get a form for investing in the IPO from the registrar's website. (IT WAS Karvy IN THE ACTUAL EXPLANATION). On the highlights page there is a clickable option for you to receive the application form by post. Just click on this option and we will arrange to send you the application form by post.

SEBI brings out a monthly bulletin that is available off the shelf at bookstores. A digital version of the same is available on the SEBI website under the “News/Publications” section. The Bulletin contains all the relevant historical figures of intermediary issue and intermediary particulars during the given period placed against historical figures.

In the case of book-built issues, the exchanges (BSE/NSE) display the data regarding the bids obtained (on a consolidated basis between both these exchanges). The data regarding the bids is also available categorywise. After the price has been determined on the basis of bidding, the statutory public advertisement containing, inter alia, the price as well as a table showing the number of securities and the amount payable by an investor, based on the price determined, is issued.

Book Running Lead Manager appointed by the issuer will intimate to the exchange the list of members who are eligible to participate in the issue. These members will be allowed to enter the bids in the IPO.

Merchant Bankers to the issue or Book Running Lead Managers (BRLM), syndicate members, Registrars to the issue, Bankers to the issue, Auditors of the company, Underwriters to the issue, Solicitors, etc. are the intermediaries to an issue. The issuer discloses the addresses, telephone/fax numbers and email addresses of these intermediaries. In addition to this, the issuer also discloses the details of the compliance officer appointed by the company for the purpose of the issue.

It may be understood that the regulatory mechanism does not play a role in setting the price for issues. It is up to the company to decide on the price or the price band, in consultation with Merchant Bankers. The basis of issue price is disclosed in the offer document. The issuer is required to disclose in detail about the qualitative and quantitative factors justifying the issue price.

Indian primary market ushered in an era of free pricing in 1992. Following this, the guidelines have provided that the issuer in consultation with Merchant Banker shall decide the price. There is no price formula stipulated by SEBI. SEBI does not play any role in price fixation. The company and merchant banker are however required to give full disclosures of the parameters which they had considered while deciding the issue price. There are two types of issues one where company and LM fix a price (called fixed price) and other, where the company and LM stipulate a floor price or a price band and leave it to market forces to determine the final price (price discovery through book building process).

A broker is a member of a recognized stock exchange, who is permitted to do trades on the screen-based trading system of different stock exchanges. He is enrolled as a member with the concerned exchange and is registered with SEBI.

A sub broker is a person who is registered with SEBI as such and is affiliated to a member of a recognized stock exchange.

The Book Runner(s) may appoint those intermediaries who are registered with the Board and who are permitted to carry on activity as an ‘Underwriter’ as syndicate members. The syndicate members are mainly appointed to collect and entire the bid forms in a book built issue.

In a book built issue allocation to Retail Individual Investors (RIIs), Non Institutional Investors (NIIs) and Qualified Institutional Buyers (QIBs) is in the ratio of 35: 15: 50 respectively. In case the book built issues are made pursuant to the requirement of mandatory allocation of 60% to QIBs in terms of Rule 19(2)(b) of SCRR, the respective figures are 30% for RIIs and 10% for NIIs. This is a transitory provision pending harmonization of the QIB allocation in terms of the aforesaid Rule with that specified in the guidelines.

A Merchant banker possessing a valid SEBI registration in accordance with the SEBI (Merchant Bankers) Regulations, 1992 is eligible to act as a Book Running Lead Manager to an issue.

Qualified Institutional Buyers are those institutional investors who are generally perceived to possess expertise and the financial muscle to evaluate and invest in the capital markets. In terms of clause 2.2.2B (v) of DIP Guidelines, a ‘Qualified Institutional Buyer’ shall mean:
a. Public financial institution as defined in section 4A of theCompanies Act, 1956;
b. Scheduled commercial banks;
c. Mutual funds;
d. Foreign institutional investor registered with SEBI;
e. Multilateral and bilateral development financial institutions;
f. Venture capital funds registered with SEBI.
g. Foreign Venture capital investors registered with SEBI.
h. State Industrial Development Corporations.
i. Insurance Companies registered with the Insurance Regulatoryand Development Authority (IRDA).
j. Provident Funds with minimum corpus of Rs.25 crores
k. Pension Funds with minimum corpus of Rs. 25 crores)

These entities are not required to be registered with SEBI as QIBs. Any entities falling under the categories specified above are considered as QIBs for the purpose of participating in primary issuance process.