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(Interview Transcript)
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Adrian Mowat, Chief Asian and Emerging Equity Strategist, JP Morgan, said the trend seems to be in favour of a tightening Monetary Policy. "RBI will be cautious and keep inflation under control. Last year, the central bank used stronger currency to control inflation. There is less flexibility to strengthen currency this year due to global conditions.”
He said the RBI move is unlikely to bring the market down, but will cap upside.
Mowat doesn't see the rupee depreciating too much.
Rajeev Malik, Asia Economic Research, JP Morgan Chase Bank, doesn't expect further action from RBI on April 29. “We are prepared for a hawkish statement from RBI. The timing of the CRR hike was a surprise but the hike was expected. There was need for signaling effect from RBI. A CRR hike is a balanced way to deal with the current situation. I would be surprised if the repo rate is hiked. I don't see a need for both CRR and repo rate hike. It would be too harsh.”
He said equity markets are not likely to be very perturbed. “Equity mkts need to watch out for more government measures.”
Excerpts from CNBC-TV18’s exclusive interview with Adrian Mowat and Rajeev Malik:
Q: The big question over the weekend is whether this is it or is there more by way of a policy move lingering for April 29. What do you think?
Malik: There is pretty much an element of surprise in timing. Increasingly, markets had been gravitating towards a Cash Reserve Ratio, or CRR hike. Given the broader drivers of what pushed up inflation, there was need for signaling to markets that the central bank is not asleep. A CRR hike is balancing the different objectives. I do think a rate hike at this point would have been a bit too harsh, especially with the broader growth objective. I don’t think we are going to hear much in terms of measures on April 29. For now, this is pretty much that. We should be prepared for a fairly hawkish statement that would not rule out the possibility of further action. At least on April 29, I don’t expect anything else.
Q: Would you be very surprised if we got a repo rate hike on April 29?
Malik: Absolutely. If RBI was thinking about hiking policy interest rates, I don’t see why it needs to necessarily wait until April 29. Governor YV Reddy does have flavour for trying to surprise the markets. If that were his intention he would have got a much bigger bang for his buck by hiking rates at the meeting. For example, CRR tends to be a different story. Of all CRR hikes that RBI has done, if I am not mistaken, there was only one that was announced in scheduled policy. By it’s varied nature, it tends to be not necessarily confined to policy. At this point, combination of both a CRR and repo rate hike would just be akin to a sledgehammer approach, which really we don’t need.
Q: The fear is that this created a bit of elbowroom, do CRR now so he can do repo on April 29. Is that just too skeptical thinking?
Malik: I do think so. Markets have a way of moving. We are starting from a point when there was fairly a big consensus that RBI should not do anything. CRR hike could be the way to go and that to a large extent had been discounted not fully but to a large extent. It is being discounted but that doesn’t mean RBI necessarily needs to keep surprising the markets. We are done for now.
Q: Some people have also spoken about the possibility of another CRR hike on the April 29, is that likely?
Malik: I would be very surprised. It’s ironic how much market expectations have swung from about a month-and-a-half ago, people falling over each other and talking about how RBI was missing the complete signals and not cutting interest rates. Now, everyone wants it to be a lot more aggressive. We need to be somewhat balanced and fair out here. The big need was in terms of a signaling effect and RBI will achieve that from the CRR hike. The effect could have been even more dramatic as they have gone in for a repo rate hike. But it is necessarily needed or desirable at this point, at least I would argue no. So, coming back to the broader balancing act, the CRR hike does a good job.
Q: Do you think the market can now say that it is a done deal? We can move on from here. Is the rate scare is over or do you think it will have a lingering uncertainty on the stock and the bond market that this is not the end of it? They will sound hawkish and probably hike CRR or repo once again or twice again during the course of the year, if inflation persists?
Malik: The bond market will definitely have an overhang. Equity markets in any case don’t seem to be all that perturbed by the elevated inflation readings. If the price action over the last couple of weeks is anything to go by, equity markets need to be mindful of more measures from the government, whether it’s fiscal, or outright trying to band limit price freezes, anything is possible in this setting. The bond markets will take their cues more in terms of inflation numbers coming in. The lingering uncertainty will be there that given Governor YV Reddy’s style of trying to surprise the markets, it is likely to do anything on April 29.
But as we approach that particular day, there should be more conviction that’s pretty much it for now. Beyond that, it’s very much a wait and see approach. One just has to be quick on their feet to see what the incoming numbers are. If our expectations are anything to go by, inflation after marking time is slightly above 7% for the next couple of months. It should begin to come off and that would still be above RBI’s 5% guidance. There is no reason why they need to get back to that band or guidance within a span of 2-3 months.
Q: What is your feeling, do you think the market will approach it saying it is a done deal and we can move on from here or do you think the high inflation, high interest rate scenario will continue to be a lingering concern and peg the markets down?
Mowat: I think it will continue to be a lingering concern. I am not sure if it is going to take the markets down. It is more likely just to limit the upside.
Q: So, do you expect any kind of knee-jerk reaction at all or do you think the market will reserve its judgment till April 29?
Mowat: The trend is for a tightening in monetary policy and we saw that with the CRR hike. We do have relatively high inflation in India. We have also got plenty of demand within the Indian economy particularly if you look at investment spending, which is on a structural uptick. People have decided to build these factories, roads, power plants, ports et cetera and those projects are going ahead. So, they do have an inflationary influence and you add to that relatively tight labour markets and food prices rising, then I think a central bank should be cautious in ensuring that inflation remains under control.
Last year we saw the central bank very successfully using a stronger currency in order to bring down headline inflation. There appears to be a little bit less flexibility to do that in so far as global capital markets are less stable, it is harder to raise external commercial borrowing if not almost impossible at current spreads and therefore you've got less capital inflows that could help push the rupee higher.
I don't want to sound too bearish about this, the central bank reserves is some USD 300 billion. So, I don't see a threat to the rupee depreciating. But to see the same sort of strength that we saw in 2007, looks less likely.
Q: What's your call? Do you think it will be a difficult track for equity markets over the next three-six months or do you think the markets can surprise with outperformance?
Mowat: The technical position in equity markets is looking very good. We saw a low for the S&P on the 10th of March. We have been rising consistently from those low points despite bad earnings and bad economic data. But that's what one should expect capital markets to do. They are meant to be leading indicators and one will tend to see the bottom in a market some 3-5 months ahead of the end of the recession and in our view, the US economy will be expanding once more in the third quarter as these tax rebate checks are received by the consumer in the United States and so we should be expecting markets to move higher. We had some bad results in terms of the absolute results from the financial services sector in the US but most stocks have tracked higher on their announcements.
So I think there is a lot of pessimism built into markets, which puts us in a good technical position and so we are looking for economic cyclical stocks to lead us higher, financials to lead us higher and India will benefit from this broad move in markets. For the emerging markets, it is important to focus on domestic economies and domestic policy decisions and investors have some anxiety here.
Clearly we have seen headline inflation move higher across many emerging economies and what we are seeing is various policy responses. Some of these involve price control, increase in subsidies, others using monetary policy and then there might also be a combination of stronger currencies and people are nervous about the former in so far as fiscal deficits arising and also this market distortion will eventually be have to be dealt with and the irony of price controls and export bans in the food industry might discourage the production of food domestically and prolong the problem as oppose to solving the problem.
Q: What is your call given about global markets? Do you think global equity markets have bottomed out for this year?
Mowat: Absolutely. I think you should be adding risk exposure, you should be buying equities. I would be buying equities with more of a global growth exposure as opposed to purely investing in domestic demand equities, which have been a very good trade for the last almost two years. So, we are going to see a bit of rotation in markets and markets moving higher as we begin to discount a recovery in the US economy into the third quarter.
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