(a) Basis of preparation
The financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material
respects in respects with the accounting standards notified by
Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, 2006, (as amended) and the
relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial
statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention on
an accrual basis except in case of assets for which provision for
impairment is made and revaluation is carried out. The accounting
policies have been consistently applied by the Company and are
consistent with those used in the previous year.
(b) Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the
financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting
period. Although these estimates are based upon management''s best
knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ
from these estimates.
(c) Fixed Assets
Fixed assets are stated at cost (or revalued amounts, as the case may
be), less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Cost
comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the
asset to its working condition for its intended use.
Leasehold improvements represent expenses incurred towards civil work,
interior furnishings etc. of the leasehold premises.
(d) Impairment
(i) The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet
date if there is any indication of impairment based on
internal/external factors. An impairment loss is recognised wherever
the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The
recoverable amount is the greater of the asset''s net selling price and
value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash
flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount
rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of
money and risks specific to the asset.
(ii) After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying
amount of the assets over its remaining useful life.
(iii) A previously recognised impairment loss is increased or reversed
depending on changes in circumstances. However, the carrying value
after reversal is not increased beyond the carrying value that would
have prevailed by charging usual depreciation if there was no
impairment.
(e) Depreciation
Depreciation is provided on Straight Line Method at the rates computed
based on estimated useful life which are equal to corresponding rates
prescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956, except for
Stretcher Cylinder and 3 looms capitalized during earlier years and a
pretacker and a loom capitalized during the previous year (included
under Plant & Machinery) where life is assessed shorter of four years
and ten years, respectively, (instead of 13.45 years as ascertained
using Schedule XIV rates).
For significant modifications capitalized, depreciation is charged over
the remaining life out of the originally assessed useful life of such
assets. Machinery spares which can be used only in connection with an
item of fixed assets and whose use as per technical assessment is
expected to be irregular are capitalised and are depreciated over the
residual useful life of the respective assets.
Leasehold improvements (included under Buildings) are amortised over
the primary lease year or useful life, whichever is earlier.
(f) Inventories
Inventories are valued as follows:
Raw materials, stores and spare parts Lower of cost and net realizable
value. However, materials and other items held for use
in the production of inventories are not written down below cost if the
finished products in which they will be incorporated are expected to be
sold at or above cost. Cost of raw material is determined on weighted
average basis. Cost of stores and spare parts is determined on First in
First Out (FIFO) basis.
Work-in-process and finished goods Lower of cost and net realizable
value. Cost includes direct materials and labour and a
proportion of manufacturing overheads based on normal operating
capacity. Cost of finished goods includes excise duty. Cost is
determined on weighted average basis.
Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary
course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated
costs necessary to make the sale.
(g) Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be
reliably measured on the following basis:
Sale of goods
Revenue is recognized when the significant risks and rewards of
ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer. Excise Duty deducted
from turnover (gross) is the amount that is included in the amount of
turnover (gross) and not the entire amount of liability arisen during
the year.
Income from services
Commission income is recognised as per agreed terms and as and when
these services are rendered.
Interest
Revenue is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account
the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.
(h) Foreign Currency Translation
(i) Initial Recognition
Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency by
applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate
between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of
the transaction.
(ii) Conversion
Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate.
Non-Monetary items which are carried in term of historical cost
denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate
at the date of the transaction.
(iii) Exchange Differences
Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on
reporting company''s monetary items at rates different from those at
which they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in
previous financial statements, are recognized as income or as expenses
in the year in which they arise.
(i) Retirement and other Employee Benefits
(i) Short term compensated absences are provided for based on
estimates. Long term compensated absences are provided for based on
actuarial valuation. The actuarial valuation is done as per projected
unit credit method.
(ii) Long service award and other retirement benefit are provided for
based on actuarial valuation. The actuarial valuation is done as per
projected unit credit method.
(iii) Gratuity liability is a defined benefit obligation and is
provided for on the basis of an actuarial valuation on projected unit
credit method made at the end of each financial year. The liability so
provided is represented substantially by creation of a separate fund.
(iv) Retirement benefits in the form of Superannuation Fund is a
defined contribution scheme and the contributions are charged to the
Profit and Loss Account of the year when the contributions to the
respective funds are due. There are no other obligations other than the
contribution payable to the respective fund.
(v) The Provident Fund (where administered by a Trust) is a defined
benefit scheme whereby the Company deposits amount determined as a
fixed percentage of basic pay to the fund every month. The benefit
vests upon commencement of employment. The interest credited to the
accounts of the employees is adjusted on an annual basis to confirm to
the interest rate declared by the government for the Employees
Provident Fund. The Guidance Note on implementing AS-15, Employee
Benefits (revised 2005) states that provident funds set up by
employers, which requires interest shortfall to be met by the employer,
need to be treated as defined benefit plan. Pending the issuance of the
Guidance Note from the Actuarial Society of India, the Company''s
actuary has expressed his inability to reliably measure the provident
fund liability. There is no deficit in the fund at the year end.
(vi) Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to profit and loss
account and are not deferred.
(j) Leases
Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks
and benefits of ownership of the leased term, are classified as
operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense
in the Profit & Loss Account on a basis, which reflect the time pattern
of such payment appropriately.
(k) Income Taxes
Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income tax are
measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in
accordance with the Income Tax Act, 1961 enacted in India. Deferred
income taxes reflect the impact of current year timing differences
between taxable income and accounting income for the year and reversal
of timing differences of earlier years. Deferred tax is measured based
on the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at
the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax
liabilities are offset, if a legally enforceable right exists to set
off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred
tax assets and deferred tax liabilities relate to the taxes on income
levied by same governing taxation laws. Deferred tax assets are
recognised only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that
sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such
deferred tax assets can be realised. In situations where the company
has unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward tax losses, all deferred
tax assets are recognised only if there is virtual certainty supported
by convincing evidence that they can be realised against future taxable
profits. .
At each balance sheet date the Company re-assessed unrecognised
deferred tax assets. It recognises unrecognised deferred tax assets to
the extent that has become reasonably certain or virtually certain, as
the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be
available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance
sheet date. The company writes-down the carrying amount of a deferred
tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or
virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable
income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be
realised. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes
reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that
sufficient future taxable income will be available.
(l) Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net
profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the
weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are
adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
(m) Provisions
A provision is recognized when an enterprise has a present obligation
as a result of past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a
reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its
present value and are determined based on best estimate required to
settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at
each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best
estimates.
(n) Cash and Cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents in the balance sheet comprise cash at bank
and in hand and short-term investments with an original maturity of
three months or less.
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