1) Basis of preparation of financial statements
The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost
convention, on the accrual basis of accounting in accordance with the
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in India and comply
with the mandatory accounting standards as specified in Rule 3 of the
Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, and in accordance with
the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956, to the extent applicable.
Background for preparation of amended financial statements
The Board of Directors had adopted the financial statements for the
year ended 31 March 2011 in their meeting held on 30 May 2011 and the
statutory auditors'' had issued their report dated 30 May 2011 on those
financial statements. However, complete/correct information and
documents in relation to term loan and packing credit loan taken from
IFCI Limited and in respect of certain guarantees given by the Company
were not provided to the auditors. Further, the representations
provided by the management to the auditors'' with respect to the above
matters were not appropriate. In accordance with the provisions of
Standard on Auditing 560 (Revised) ''Subsequent Events'' issued by The
Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, previously issued
financial statements are required to be amended in case additional
facts become known subsequent to the balance sheet date that may
necessitate a amendment to the financial statements. Further, the
management has asked the auditors to carry out audit procedures
necessary in the circumstances on the amendment and issue an amended
audit report on the amended financial statements. Also refer to note
15,16,17 and 18 of schedule 19 for detailed explanation for the above
matters.
2) Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with the
generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and
liabilities, the disclosure of contingent liabilities as at the date of
the financial statements and the reported amount of revenue and
expenses. Examples of such estimates include provisions of future
obligation under employee retirement benefit plans, the useful lives of
fixed assets etc.
Actual results could differ from those estimates. Any revisions to
accounting estimates are recognised prospectively in current and future
periods. Contingencies are recorded when it is probable that a
liability will be incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated.
3) Fixed Assets
Fixed assets are stated at acquisition cost less accumulated
depreciation. Cost includes inward freight, duties, taxes and
incidental expenses related to acquisition and installation incurred up
to the date of commissioning of the assets.
4) Depreciation
Depreciation is provided under the straight-line method based on the
estimated useful lives of the assets which are equal to the rates
specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956. Assets costing
below Rs. 5,000 are depreciated fully in the year of purchase.
5) Inventories
Inventories are valued as follows:
Raw materials, stores and spares and Lower of cost and net realisable
value. However, materials and other packing materials items held for
use in the production of inventories are not written down below cost if
the finished products in which they will be incorporated are expected
to be sold at or above cost. Cost is determined on a weighted average
basis.
Work in progress and finished goods Lower of cost and net realisable
value. Cost includes direct materials and labour and a proportion of
manufacturing overheads.
Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary
course of business, less estimated costs of completion and to make the
sale.
6) Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be
reliably measured.
Sale of goods
Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when the significant risks and
rewards of ownership of the goods are transferred to the customer. In
case of export sales this coincides with shipment of goods.
Revenue in case of sale of domestic products is recognised at the point
of despatch which coincides with the transfer of risks and rewards of
ownership.
7) Employee benefits
Short-term employee benefits
All employee benefits payable wholly within twelve months of rendering
the service are classified as short-term employee benefits. Benefits
such as salaries, wages, and bonus etc. are recognised in the Profit
and Loss Account in the period in which the employee renders the
related service.
Defined contribution plans
The employee''s provident fund scheme is a defined contribution plan.
The Company''s contribution paid / payable under the scheme is
recognised as an expense in the Profit and Loss Account during the
period in which the employee renders the related service.
Defined benefit plans
The Company''s gratuity plan is a defined benefit plan. The present
value of the obligation under such defined benefit plan is determined
based on an actuarial valuation carried out by an independent actuary
using the Projected Unit Credit Method, which recognizes each period of
service as giving rise to additional unit of employee benefit
entitlement and measures each unit separately to build up the final
obligation. The obligation is measured at the present value of the
estimated future cash flows. The discount rate used for determining the
present value of the obligation under defined benefit plans, is based
on the market yields on Government securities as at the Balance Sheet
date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised immediately in the
Profit and Loss Account.
8) Foreign exchange transactions
Foreign exchange transactions are recorded at the exchange rates
prevailing at the date of transaction. Foreign currency assets and
liabilities remaining unsettled at the Balance Sheet date are
translated at the rates of exchange prevailing on that date. Gains/
losses arising on account of realisation/ settlement of foreign
exchange transactions and on translation of foreign currency assets and
liabilities are recognised in the Profit and Loss Account.
9) Taxation
Income tax expense comprises current tax, (that is amount of tax for
the period determined in accordance with the Income tax laws) and
deferred tax charge or credit (reflecting the tax effects of timing
difference between accounting income and taxable income for the
period).
The deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax
liability and/ or deferred tax assets is recognised using the tax rates
that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet
date. Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that there
is reasonable certainty that the assets can be realised in future.
However, where there is unabsorbed depreciation or carried forward loss
under taxation laws, deferred tax assets are recognised only if there
is virtual certainty of realisation of such assets. Deferred tax assets
are reviewed as at each balance sheet date and are written down or
written up to reflect the amount that is reasonably/ virtually certain
(as the case may be) to be realised.
In accordance with the provisions of Section 115JAA of the Income-tax
Act, 1961, the Company is allowed to avail credit equal to the excess
of Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) over normal income tax for the
assessment year for which MAT is paid. MAT credit so determined can be
carried forward for set-off for ten succeeding assessment years from
the year in which such credit becomes allowable. MAT credit can be
set-off only in the year in which the Company is liable to pay tax as
per the normal provisions of the Income-tax Act, 1961 and such tax is
in excess of MAT for that year. Accordingly, MAT credit entitlement is
recognised only to the extent there is convincing evidence that the
Company will pay normal tax during the specified period.
10) Contingencies
A provision is created when there is a present obligation as a result
of a past event that probably requires an outflow of resources and a
reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. A
disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible
obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not,
require an outflow of resources. When there is a possible obligation or
a present obligation in respect of which the likelihood of outflow of
resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.
11) Impairment of assets
Management reviews the carrying amount of all assets at each Balance
Sheet date using internal and external sources of information to
determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such
indication exists, the recoverable amount of the assets or its cash
generating unit is estimated. Impairment occurs where the carrying
value of the assets or its cash generating unit exceeds the present
value of future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of
the asset or its cash generating unit and its eventual disposal. An
impairment loss is recognized in the Profit and Loss Account whenever
the carrying amount of an asset or its cash generating unit exceeds its
recoverable amount and is determined as the excess of the carrying
amount over the higher of the asset''s net sales price or present value
as determined above. An impairment loss is reversed if there has been
a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. An
impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the assets carrying
amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been
determined net of depreciation or amortisation, if no impairment loss
had been recognised.
12) Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction
or productions of qualifying assets is capitalised as part of assets.
Other borrowing costs are recognized as an expense in the period in
which they are incurred.
13) Research cost
Revenue expenditure incurred on research is charged to Profit and Loss
Account in the year it is incurred.
14) Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share are computed using the weighted average number
of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per
share are computed using the weighted average number of equity and
dilutive equity equivalent shares outstanding during the year, except
where results would be anti-dilutive. |