i) Basis of preparation of financial statements
The financial statements have been prepared and presented under the
historical cost convention on the accrual basis of accounting following
generally accepted accounting principles in India (GAAP) and comply
with the Accounting Standards prescribed by the Companies (Accounting
Standards) Rules, 2006 (as amended) and the relevant provisions of the
Companies Act, 1956, to the extent applicable.
ii) Use of estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the
reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of
contingent liabilities on the date of the financial statements. Actual
results could differ from those estimates. Any revision to accounting
estimates is recognised prospectively in current and future periods.
iii) Fixed Assets
a) Cost
Fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition (net of CENVAT) less
accumulated depreciation/amortisation. Cost of acquisition includes
taxes, duties, freight and other costs that are directly attributable
to bringing assets to their working condition for their intended use.
Spares that can be used only with particular items of plant and
machinery and such usage is expected to be irregular are capitalised.
b) Depreciation/Amortisation Tangible Assets
Depreciation is provided under the straight line method over useful
lives of fixed assets, as estimated by management. Useful lives so
estimated are in line with the useful lives derived from depreciation
rates prescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956, except for:
- Toolings and certain items of plant and machinery at customers'' site
are depreciated over a period of three years.
- Leasehold lands are being amortised over the period of leases.
- Spares capitalized are being depreciated over the useful lives of
plant and machinery with which such spares can be used.
Immoveable assets constructed on leasehold land are being depreciated
over their useful lives that are higher than period of leases. Based on
extension granted to land possession of other companies under similar
circumstances, management believes that, in case of the Company, the
existing period of leases will be extended beyond the useful lives of
immoveable assets constructed thereon.
Assets individually costing Rs.5,000 or less are fully depreciated in
the year of acquisition.
Intangible Assets
Computer software are being amortised over their useful lives of 3
years as estimated by management.
c) Impairment of fixed assets
The carrying amounts of fixed assets and capital work in progress are
reviewed at each balance sheet date in accordance with Accounting
Standard 28 on ''Impairment of Assets'' to determine whether there is
any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, the assets
recoverable amounts are estimated at each reporting date. An impairment
loss is recognised whenever the carrying amount of an asset or the cash
generating unit of which it is a part exceeds the corresponding
recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognised in the profit and
loss account. An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change
in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. An
impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the assets carrying
amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been
determined net of depreciation or amortisation, if no impairment loss
had been recognised.
iv) Inventories
Raw materials and stores and spare parts are carried at cost. Cost
includes purchase price, duties and taxes (other than those
subsequently recoverable by the enterprise from the taxing
authorities), freight inwards and other expenditure incurred in
bringing such inventories to their present location and condition. In
determining the cost, weighted average cost method is used. Materials
and other supplies held for use in the production of inventories are not
written down below cost if the finished products in which they will be
incorporated are expected to be sold at or above cost.
Work-in-progress and manufactured finished goods are valued at the
lower of cost and net realisable value. The comparison of cost and net
realisable value is made on an item by item basis. Cost of
work-in-progress and manufactured finished goods comprises direct
material and labour expenses and an appropriate portion of production
overheads incurred in bringing the inventory to their present location
and condition. Fixed production overheads are allocated on the basis of
normal capacity of the production facilities.
Traded finished goods are valued at the lower of cost of procurement
and net realisable value.
Excise duty liability is included in the valuation of closing
Inventory of finished goods.
v) Foreign Currency Transactions
Foreign exchange transactions are recorded at monthly rates that
closely approximates the actual rates during that month. Year-end
monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are
translated at the year-end foreign exchange rates. Non-monetary items
which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign
currency are reported using the exchange rate at the date ofthe
transaction. Exchange differences arising on the settlement of
monetary items or on reporting such monetary items of the Company at
rates different from those at which they were initially recorded during
the year or reported in previous financial statements, are recognized
as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise.
vi) Taxation
Income tax expense comprises current tax, fringe benefit tax for the
relevant period (i.e. amount of taxes for the year determined in
accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961) and deferred tax charge or
credit (reflecting the tax effects of timing differences between
accounting income and taxable income for the year). The deferred tax
charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax liabilities or
assets are recognised using the tax rates that have been enacted or
substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date.
Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent there is
reasonable certainty that the assets can be realised in future.
However, where there is unabsorbed depreciation or carried forward loss
under taxation laws, deferred tax assets are recognised only if there
is a virtual certainty of realisation of such assets. Deferred tax
assets are reviewed as at each balance sheet date and written down or
written up to reflect the amount that is reasonably / virtually certain
(as the case may be) to be realised.
vii) Revenue
Sale of Goods
Revenue from sale of goods (excluding sales tax and value added tax) is
recognised when significant risks and rewards of ownership in the goods
is transferred to customers and it is not unreasonable to expect
ultimate collection of the sale consideration that has been recognised
as revenue.
Sale of Services
Revenue from sale of services (excluding service tax) is recognised on
completion of service in accordance with terms of the agreement.
viii) Other Income
Export incentives are recognised on accrual basis against goods
exported.
ix) Government Grant
Grants from the government are recognized when there is reasonable
assurance that the grant will be received and all attaching conditions
will be compiled with. When the grant relates to an expense item, it is
recognized as income over the periods necessary to match them on a
systematic basis to the costs, which it is intended to compensate.
Where the grant relates to a depreciable asset, its value is deducted
from the gross value of the asset concerned in arriving at the carrying
amount of the related asset. Grants related to non depreciable assets
are credited to Capital Reserve.
x) Employee Benefits
The Company''s obligations towards various employee benefits have been
recognised as follows:
I) Short term benefits
Cost of accumulating compensated absences that are expected to be
availed within a period of 12 months from the year end are recognised
when the employees render the service that increases their entitlement
to future compensated absences. Cost is computed based on past trends
and is not discounted.
Cost of non-accumulating compensated absences is recognised when
absences occur. Costs of other short term employee benefits are
recognised on accrual basis based in accordance with the terms of
employment contract and other relevant compensation policies followed
by the Company.
II) Post Employment Benefits
a) Provident Fund
Monthly contributions to Provident Funds which are defined contribution
schemes are charged to Profit and Loss Account and deposited with the
Provident Fund authorities on a monthly basis.
b) Pension
The Company has a defined contribution employee retirement scheme in
the form of pension. The Trustees of the scheme have entrusted the
administration of the related fund to the Life Insurance Corporation of
India (LICI). Contributions are deposited with the LICI and charged off
on a monthly basis.
c) Gratuity
The Company has a defined benefit employee retirement scheme in the
form of gratuity. The Trustees of the scheme have entrusted the
administration of the related fund to the Life Insurance Corporation of
India (LICI) upto September 30, 2010 and there after both to the LICI
and SBI Life Insurance Company Limited (SBI Life). Charge for the year
is determined on the basis of actuarial valuation made as at the
balance sheet date on projected unit credit method of the Company''s
year-end obligation in this regard and the value of year-end assets
of the scheme. Actuarial gains and losses for the year are recognised in
the profit and loss account as income or expense. Contributions were
deposited with the LICI upto September 30, 2010 and there after
deposited with the SBI Life based on intimations received by the
Company.
III) Other Long Term Benefits
Cost of long term benefit by way of accumulating compensated absences
that are expected to be availed after a period of 12 months from the
period-end are recognised when the employees render the service that
increases their entitlement to future compensated absences. Such costs
are recognised based on actuarial valuation of related obligation on
the reporting date. Actuarial gains and losses for the period are
recognised in the Profit and Loss Account as income or expense.
xi) Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number
of equity shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per
share is computed using the weighted average number of equity and
dilutive potential equity shares outstanding during the year, except
where the results would be anti dilutive.
xii) Provisions and contingent liabilities
A provision is recognised in the financial statements where there
exists a present obligation as a result of a past event, the amount of
which is reliably estimated, and it is probable that an outflow of
resources will be necessary to settle the obligation. Contingent
liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events and the
existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or
non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within
the control of the company and / or is a present obligation that arises
from past events but is not recognised because either it is not
probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will
be necessary to settle the obligation, or the amount of the obligation
cannot be reliably estimated. |