1. NATURE OF OPERATIONS
Unitech Limited (the ''Company'') was incorporated in 1971. The Company''s
main business is real estate development, construction and consultancy.
2. BASIS OF PREPARATION
The financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material
respects with the accounting standards notified by Companies Accounting
Standards Rules, 2006 and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act,
1956 (''the Act''). The financial statements have been prepared under
historical cost convention on an accrual basis in accordance with
accounting principles generally accepted in India. The accounting
policies have been consistently applied by the Company and are
consistent with those used in the previous year.
3. USE OF ESTIMATES
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles require the management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the
financial statements and the result of operations during the reporting
period. Although these estimates are based upon management''s best
knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ
from these estimates. Significant estimates used by the management in
the preparation of these financial statements include computation of
percentage completion for projects in progress, project cost, revenue
and saleable area, estimates of the economic useful lives of fixed
assets and provisions for bad and doubtful debts. Any revision to
accounting estimates is recognized prospectively.
4. FIXED ASSETS AND DEPRECIATION
a) Fixed Assets are stated at cost (Gross Block) less accumulated
depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Cost comprises the purchase
price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working
condition for its intended use. Borrowing costs relating to
acquisition of fixed assets which take substantial period of time to
get ready for its intended use are also included to the extent they
relate to the period till such assets are ready to be put to use.
Depreciation on fixed assets held in India is provided at the rates and
in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 on
straight-line method. In respect of assets held outside India,
depreciation has been provided in accordance with the laws prevailing
in that country.
b) Fixtures installed in Leased Buildings are amortized over a period
of lease from the date of capitalization.
5. IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS
Management periodically assesses using external and internal sources
whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired.
Impairment occurs where the carrying value exceeds the present value of
future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of the
asset and its eventual disposal. The impairment loss to be expensed is
determined as the excess of the carrying amount over the higher of the
asset''s net sale price or present value as determined above.
6. LEASE ACCOUNTING
In respect of operating lease, lease rentals are accounted on accrual
basis in accordance with the respective lease agreements.
7. INVESTMENTS
Long term investments are stated at cost. However, provision for
diminution is made to recognise any decline, other than temporary, in
the value of long term investments.
Current Investments are stated at the lower of cost and fair value.
8. INVENTORIES
a) Materials, stores & spares, tools and consumable are valued at cost
or market value, which ever is lower on the basis of first in first out
method reflecting the fairest possible approximation to the cost
incurred in bringing the items of inventory to their present location
and condition.
b) Finished stock of completed real estate projects is valued at lower
of cost or net realisable value on the basis of actual identified
units.
c) Scrap is valued at net realisable value.
d) Work in Progress in respect of construction activities is valued at
estimated cost.
e) Shuttering and tools is valued at amortised cost, spread over a
period of three year.
9. PROJECTS IN PROGRESS
Projects in progress are valued at cost. Cost includes cost of land,
development expenses, materials, construction, services, borrowing
costs, other overhead relating to projects and advance against projects
under execution.
10. BORROWING COST
Borrowing cost relating to acquisition/ construction of qualifying
assets are capitalized until the time all substantial activities
necessary to prepare the qualifying assets for their intended use are
complete. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes substantial
period of time to get ready for its intended use/sale. Borrowing cost
that are attributable to the projects are charged to the respective
projects. All other borrowing costs, not eligible for
inventorisation/capitalisation, are charged to revenue.
11. RECOGNITION OF INCOME
a) Real Estate Projects
I. Real Estate Projects undertaken up to 31st March, 2004.
Revenue is recognized to estimate the profit @ 20% of actual receipts
and installments fallen due during the year towards booking of plots/
constructed properties, subject to final adjustment, on the completion
of the respective project.
II. Real Estate Projects undertaken on and after 1st April, 2004:
(i) Revenue from real estate projects is recognized on ''Percentage of
Completion Method'' of accounting. Revenue comprises the aggregate
amounts of sale price in terms of the agreements entered into and is
recognized on the basis of percentage of actual costs incurred thereon,
including proportionate land cost and total estimated cost of projects
under execution, subject to such actual costs being 20 percent or more
of the total estimated cost.
(ii) Where aggregate of the payment received provide insufficient
evidence of buyers'' commitment to make the complete payment, revenue is
recognized only to the extent of realization.
(iii) The estimates of the saleable areas and costs are reviewed
periodically by the management and any effect of changes in estimates
is recognized in the period such changes are determined. However, when
the total project cost is estimated to exceed total revenues from the
project, the loss is recognized immediately.
III. The interest on delayed payment and maintenance charges are
accounted for on realization due to uncertainty of recovery of the
same.
IV. The Sale proceeds of the Investments held in the Subsidiaries,
Joint Ventures and Associates developing Real Estate Projects are
included in real estate revenue, net of cost.
b) Revenue from Sale of Land/Land Rights held by the Company itself and
its wholly owned subsidiaries is recognised under the head as ''Sales
and Others Receipts'' net of cost.
c) Construction Contracts:
I. In Construction Contracts income is recognized on percentage of
completion method.
II. Revenue on account of contract variations, claims and incentives
are recognized upon settlement.
d) Dividend Income
Dividend Income is recognized when the right to receive is established.
12. TRANSLATION OF FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS
a) In respect of branch, which is integral foreign operations, all
transactions are translated at actual rate at the date of transaction.
Branch monetary assets & liabilities are restated at the year end
rates.
b) Non-monetary branch items are carried at cost.
c) Any income or expense on account of exchange difference on
translation is recognized in the Profit & Loss Account.
13. INTEREST TO/FROM SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
Interest is charged to/from subsidiary companies (other than wholly
owned subsidiary companies) at average borrowing cost on the loan
advanced. In case of Inter Corporate Deposits to wholly owned
subsidiaries, interest is charged considering commercial expediency and
agreed stipulations.
14. REAL ESTATE, JOB AND CONSTRUCTION EXPENSES
a) The expenses incurred under natural heads of accounts for execution
of works are charged to job and construction expenses.
b) The maintenance and other expenses which are obligatory and are
incurred subsequently, after Completion of project(s), are booked as
expenses under the head Real Estate Completed Projects.
15. TAXES ON INCOME
a) Provision for tax for the year comprises current Income Tax and
Deferred Tax and is provided as per the Income Tax Act, 1961.
b) Deferred tax resulting from timing differences between the book and
the tax profits is accounted for, at the current rate of tax, to the
extent that the timing differences are expected to crystallize.
Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent there is
reasonable certainty that the assets can be realized in the future;
however where there is unabsorbed depreciation or carried forward loss
under taxation laws, deferred tax assets are recognized only if there
is a virtual certainty of realization of such assets. Deferred tax
assets/ liabilities are reviewed as at each balance sheet date.
16. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
A. Short Term Employee Benefits:
All employee benefits payable wholly within twelve months of rendering
the service are classified as short term employee benefits and they are
recognized in the period in which the employee renders the related
service. The Company recognizes the undiscounted amount of short term
employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for services rendered
as a liability (accrued expense) after deducting any amount already
paid.
B. Long Term and Post-employment Benefits:
(a) Defined contribution plans
Defined contribution plans are post- employment benefit plans under
which the company pays fixed contributions into separate entities
(funds) or to financial institutions or state managed benefit schemes.
The company''s contribution to defined contribution plans are recognized
in the Profit and Loss Account in the financial year to which they
relate.
The company, as detailed hereunder, operates defined contribution plans
pertaining to Provident Fund Scheme, Employee State Insurance Scheme,
Government administered Pension Fund Scheme and Superannuation Scheme
for eligible employees.
(i) Provident Fund Plan:
The Company makes specified monthly contributions towards Employee
Provident Fund to a Trust administered by the Company. The rate
notified by the Government is adopted by the Trust. The Company has an
obligation to make good the shortfall, if any, between the return on
investments of the Trust and the notified interest rate.
(ii) Employees State Insurance/ Pension Fund Scheme:
The Company makes specified monthly contribution towards Employees
State Insurance Scheme and Government administrated Pension Fund Scheme
which are recognized in the Profit and Loss Account in the financial
year to which they relate.
(iii) Superannuation Insurance Plan:
The Company has taken Group Superannuation Policy with Life Insurance
Corporation of India for superannuation payable to the eligible
employees. Contribution towards aforesaid fund is charged to the Profit
& Loss Account in the financial year to which it relates.
(b) Defined Benefit obligations
Gratuity liability & Long term leave encashment are defined obligations
and are provided for on the basis of an actuarial valuation on
projected unit credit method made at the end of each financial year.
17. PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS
Provisions are recognized for liabilities that can be measured only by
using a substantial degree of estimation, if
a) the Company has a present obligation as a result of a past event;
b) a probable outflow of resources is expected to settle the
obligation; and
c) the amount of the obligation can be reliably estimated.
Reimbursement expected in respect of expenditure required to settle a
provision is recognized only when it is virtually certain that the
reimbursement will be received.
Contingent Liability is disclosed in the case of:
a. a present obligation arising from a past event, when it is not
probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the
obligation;
b. a possible obligation, unless the probability of outflow of
resources is remote.
Contingent Assets are neither recognized nor disclosed.
18. CASH & CASH EQUIVALENT
Cash for the purposes of Cash Flow Statement comprise cash in hand and
at bank (including deposits) and cash equivalents and the statement is
prepared on the basis of indirect method.
19. EARNING PER SHARE
Basic earning per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The
weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period
are adjusted for events of bonus issue and share warrants conversion.
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