1.0 SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTING
The financial statements are prepared according to the historical cost
convention on accrual basis in line with the generally accepted
accounting principles in India and the provisions of the Companies Act,
1956, including accounting standards notified thereunder.
2.0 FIXEDA5SETS
2.1 Fixed Assets are stated at historical cost less accumulated
depreciation and any impairment in value. Where final settlement of
bills with contractors is pending/under dispute, capitalization is done
on estimated/provisional basis subject to necessary adjustment in the
year of final settlement.
2.2 Fixed Assets created on land not belonging to the Company are
included under Fixed Assets.
2.3 Capital expenditure on assets not owned by the Company is reflected
as a distinct item in Capital Work-in-Progress/Fixed Assets.
2.4 Payments made provisionally towards compensation and other expenses
relatable to land are treated as cost of land.
2.5 Expenditure incurred for compensatory afforestation, soil
conservation and re-forestation towards forest land is shown as
Intangible Assets-Expenditure on compensatory afforestation and is
amortized pro-rata through depreciation over the period of likely use.
2.6 Assets and systems common to more than one generating unit are
capitalized on the basis of engineering estimates/assessments.
2.7 Construction equipments declared surplus are shown at lower of
bookvalueand net realisable value.
3.0 MACHINERY SPARES
3.1 Machinery spares procured along with the Plant & Machinery or
subsequently and whose use is expected to be irregular are capitalized
and depreciated fully over the residual useful life of the related
plant and machinery except as stated in para 3.2.
3.2 Cost/WDV of Machinery Spares is fully charged to revenue in the
year in which such spares are replaced except in cases where retrieved
spares have useful life after repairs.
3.3 Other spares forming part of inventory are expensed when consumed.
4.0 CAPITAL WORK-IN-PROGRESS
4.1 In respect of supply-cum-erection contracts, the valueof supplies
received at site/construction store and accepted is treated as Capital
Work-in-Progress.
4.2 Administration and Other General Overhead expenses at the Corporate
Office and Projects under Construction / Survey & Investigation
attributable to construction of fixed assets are identified and
allocated on systematic basis on major immovable assets other than
land, infrastructure facilities and bought out items on commissioning
of Projects. However, no allocation of such expenses pertaining to
Corporate Office is made on projects taken on BOOT ( Build, Own,
Operate & Transfer) basis til I the date of grant of generation
license.
4.3 Expenditure on Survey and Investigation of the Projects is carried
as capital work in progress and capitalized as cost of Project on
completion of construction of the Project or the same is expensed in
the year in which it is decided to abandon such project.
4.4 Expenditure against Deposit Works is accounted for on the basis
of statement of account received from the concerned agency and
acceptance by the Company. However, provision is made wherever
considered necessary.
4.5 Claims for price variation /exchange rate variation in case of
contracts are accounted for on acceptance.
5.0 DEPRECIATION AND AMORTISATION
5.1 Depreciation is charged on straight-line method to the extent of
90% of the Cost of Asset following the rates notified by the Central
Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) for the purpose of fixation of
tariff. In respect of assets, where rate has not been notified by
regulations by the CERC, depreciation is provided on straight line
method at the rates corresponding to the rates laid down under the
Income Tax Act, 1961, except in case of computers & peripherals, and
mobile phones which are depreciated @ 25% p.a.
5.2 Depreciation is provided on pro rata basis from the month in which
the asset becomes available for use.
5.3 Depreciation on assets declared surplus/obsolete is provided till
the end of the month in which such declaration is made.
5.4 Assets costing Rs. 5000/- or less are depreciated fully in the year
of procurement.
5.5 Expenditure on software is recognized as ''Intangible Asset'' and
amortized fu I ly over four years.
5.6 Where the cost of depreciable assets has undergone a change during
the year due to increase/decrease in long term liability on account of
exchange fluctuation, change in duties or similar factors, the revised
unamortized balance of such assets is depreciated prospectively over
the residual life. Depreciation on increase/decrease in the value of
existing assets on account of settlementof disputes is charged
retrospectively.
5.7 Capital Expenditure referred to in Policy No. 2.3 is amortized
overa period of four years starting from the year in which the first
unit of the project comes into commercial operation and thereafter from
the year in which the relevant asset becomes available for use.
However, such expenditure for community development in case of projects
under operation is charged off to revenue.
5.8 Leasehold land is amortized pro-rata through depreciation over the
period of lease.
5.9 Expenditure on Catchment Area Treatment (CAT) Plan during
construction is capitalized along with dam/civil works. Such
expenditure during O&M stage is charged to revenue in the year of
incurrence of such expenditure.
6.0 INVESTMENTS
6.1 Long Term Investments are valued at cost less provision for
permanentdiminution in value.
6.2 Current Investments are valued at lower of cost and fair value.
7.0 INVENTORIES
7.1 Inventories are valued at the lower of cost arrived at on weighted
average basis and net realizable value.
7.2 Loose tools issued during the year are charged to consumption.
7.3 Stores issued for operation and maintenance but lying unused at
site are treated as part of inventory.
7.4 The diminution in the value of obsolete, unserviceable and surplus
stores & spares is ascertained on review and provided for.
7.5 Scrap is accounted for as and when sold.
8.O FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS
8.1 Foreign currency transactions are initially recorded at the rates
of exchange ruling at the date of transaction. Monetary items
denominated in foreign currency are restated at the year end at
exchange rates prevailing on the Balance Sheet date.
8.2 Exchange differences, except to the extent considered as adjustment
to borrowing cost as per AS-16 read with ASI-10, are recognized as
income or expense in the period in which they arise in case of
operating projects and to EDC in case of projects under construction.
However, the differences relating to Fixed Assets/Capital
Works-in-Progress arising out of transactions entered into prior to
01.04.2004 over & above those considered as borrowing cost are adjusted
to the carrying cost of Fixed Assets/Capital Work-in-Progress.
9.0 BORROWING COSTS
Borrowing costs attributable to fixed assets during construction
/renovation and modernization are capitalized. Other borrowing costs
are recognized as an expense in the period in which they are incurred.
10.0 PROVISION, CONTINCENTLlABILITES & CONTINGENT ASSETS
Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement
are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past
events and it is probable that there will be outflow of resources.
Contingent liabilities are not recognized, but are disclosed in the
notes. Contingent assets are neither recognized, nordisclosed in the
financial statements.
11.0 INCOME
11.1 Sale of energy is accounted for based on tariff approved by the
Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC). Recovery/refund
towards foreign currency variation in respect of foreign currency loans
as per CERC notification is accounted for on year to year basis.
11.2 The incentives /disincentives are accounted for based on the norms
notified/approved by the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission.
11.3 Advance against depreciation, forming part of tariff upto
31.03.2009 to facilitate repayment of loans, is reduced from sales and
considered as deferred revenue to be included in the sales in
subsequent years.
11.4 The surcharge on late payment/overdue sundry debtors for sale of
energy is accounted for on receipt basis or when there is reasonable
certainty of realisation.
11.5 Interest recoverable on advances to contractors/suppliers and
other claims from contractors/suppliers under dispute are accounted for
on receipt/acceptance.
11.6 Income from consultancy services is accounted for on the basis of
actual progress / technical assessment of work executed or costs
reimbursable, in line with the terms of respective consultancy
contracts.
12.0 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
Provision for gratuity, leave encashment and other post retirement
benefits as defined in Accounting Standard (AS) -15 is made on the
basis of actuarial valuation at the end of financial year.
Providentfund liability isaccounted for on accrual basis.
13.0 MISCELLANEOUS
13.1 Insurance claims are accounted for in the year of receipt/
acceptance by the insurer/certainty of realisation.
13.2 Prepaid and prior period expenses/income of items of Rs.50,000/-
and below are charged to natural heads of accounts in the year of
payment/receipt.
13.3 Liability for claims against the Company is recognized on
acceptance by the Company / receipt of award by the Arbitrator and the
balance claim, if disputed /contested by the contractor is shown as
contingent liability. The claims prior to Arbitration award stage are
disclosed as contingent liability.
13.4 A specified percentage of Net Profit after Tax of previous year is
set aside for incurring expenditure towards Corporate Social
Responsibility (CSR). The unspent amount is carried forward.
14.0 TAXES ON INCOME
14.1 Taxes on income are determined on the basis of taxable income
under the Income Tax Act, 1961.
14.2 Deferred tax is recognized on timing differences between the
accounting income and taxable income for the year and quantified using
the tax rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted as on the
Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax asset is recognized and carried
forward to the extentthere is a reasonable certainty that sufficient
future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax
asset can be realized.
15.0 CASH FLOW STATEMENT
Cash Flow Statement is prepared in accordance with the indirect method
prescribed in Accounting Standard (AS) - 3 ''Cash Flow Statements''.
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