a. Basis of preparation
The financial statements have been prepared and presented on an accrual
basis under the historical cost convention and in accordance with the
applicable accounting standards prescribed by the Companies (Accounting
Standards) Rules, 2006 and the relevant provisions of the Companies
Act, 1956. The accounting policies have been consistently applied
unless otherwise stated.
b. Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management of the Company to
make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of
assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the
date of the financial statements and the results of operations during
the reporting periods. Although these estimates are based upon
management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, actual
results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates used
by management in the preparation of these financial statements include
the estimates of the economic useful lives of the fixed assets,
provision for bad and doubtful debts, carrying value of investments and
accruals for employee benefits.
c. Revenue recognition
Revenues comprise income from the sale of room nights, food and
beverages and allied services during a guest''s stay at the hotel. Room
revenue is recognized based on occupation and revenue from sale of food
and beverages and other allied services, as the services are rendered.
Unbilled revenues represent revenues recognised which have not been
billed to the customers at the balance sheet date and are billed
subsequently.
Income from management and technical services are recognised as the
services are rendered based on agreements with the concerned parties.
Interest Income
Revenue is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account
the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.
of. Fixed assets
Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation /
amortisation and impairment losses. All costs relating to acquisition
and installation of fixed assets are capitalised.
Advances paid towards acquisition of fixed assets before the financial
year-end and the cost of the fixed assets not ready for their intended
use, are disclosed as capital work-in-progress.
Expenditure directly relating to expansion is capitalized only if it
increases the life or functionality of an asset beyond its original
standard of performance.
e. Borrowing Costs
Borrowings costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or
construction of qualifying assets are capitalised as part of the cost
of such assets for the period up to the completion of their acquisition
or construction. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes a
substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use. All other
borrowing costs are charged to the profit and loss account as incurred.
Assets individually costing less than Rs. 5,000 are fully depreciated
in the year of purchase. Leasehold buildings (including improvements)
are amortized over the period of the lease.
g. Goodwill
Goodwill on acquisition of the business of entities is amortised over a
period of five years.
h. Impairment of assets
The Company assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is any
indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication
exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the asset. If
such recoverable amount of the asset or the recoverable amount of the
cash generating unit to which the asset belongs is less than its
carrying amount, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable
amount. The reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is
recognised in the profit and loss account. If at the balance sheet date
there is an indication that if a previously assessed impairment loss no
longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is
reflected at the recoverable amount subject to a maximum of depreciated
historical cost.
i. Investments
Investments that are readily realizable and intended to be held for not
more than a year are classified as current investments. All other
investments are classified as long term investments. Current
investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on
an individual investment basis. Long-term investments are carried at
cost. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognise a
decline other than temporary in the value of the long term investments.
j. Inventory
Inventory comprises stock of food and beverages and stores and spare
parts and is carried at the lower of cost and net realizable value.
Cost includes all expenses incurred in bringing the goods to their
present location and condition and is determined on a weighted average
basis. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the
ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and to
make the sale.
k. Foreign currency transactions
(a) Initial Recognition
Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency,
by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between
the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the
transaction.
(b) Conversion
Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate.
The resultant exchange differences are recognised in the profit and
loss account. Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of
historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using
the exchange rate at the date of the transaction and non-monetary items
which are carried at fair value or other similar valuation denominated
in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rates that
existed when the values were determined.
c. Leases
For hotel properties i.e. land and buildings, taken on lease along with
related assets as a part of a combined lease arrangement, the Company
determines whether these assets acquired are integral to the land and
building. If these assets are integral, the Company analyses the nature
of the lease arrangement on a combined basis for all assets. If the
assets are not integral to the land and building, the Company evaluates
each asset individually, to determine the nature of the lease.
Finance leases
Leases, which effectively transfer to the Company substantially all the
risks and benefits incidental to ownership of the leased item, are
capitalized at the lower of the fair value and present value of the
minimum lease payments at the inception of the lease term and disclosed
as leased assets. Lease payments are apportioned between the finance
charges and reduction of the lease liability based on the implicit rate
of return. Finance charges are charged directly to the Profit and Loss
Account. Lease management fees, legal charges and other initial direct
costs are capitalised.
If there is no reasonable certainty that the Company will obtain the
ownership by the end of the lease term, capitalized leased assets are
depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset
or the lease term.
Operating leases
Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks
and benefits of ownership of the leased term, are classified as
operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense
in the Profit and Loss account on a straight line basis.
m. Retirement benefits
Expenses and liabilities in respect of employee benefits are recorded
in accordance with Accounting Standard 15 Employee Benefits.
Provident fund
The Company contributes to the statutory provident fund of the Regional
Provident Fund Commissioner, in accordance with Employees provident
fund and Miscellaneous Provision Act, 1952. The plan is a defined
contribution plan and contribution paid or payable is recognised as an
expense in the period in which the employee renders services.
Gratuity
Gratuity is a post employment benefit and is a defined benefit plan.
The liability recognised in the balance sheet represents the present
value of the defined benefit obligation at the balance sheet date less
the fair value of plan assets (if any), together with adjustments for
unrecognised actuarial gains or losses and past service
costs.Independent actuaries using the projected unit credit method
calculate the defined benefit obligation annually.
Actuarial gains or losses arising from experience adjustments and
changes in actuarial assumptions are credited or charged to the Profit
and loss account in the year in which such gains or losses arises.
Vacation pay
Liability in respect of leave becoming due or expected to be availed
within one year from the balance sheet date is recognized on the basis
of estimated amount required to be paid or estimated value of benefit
expected to be availed by the employees. Liability in respect of earned
leave becoming due or expected to be availed more than one year after
the balance sheet date is estimated on the basis of actuarial valuation
in a manner similar to gratuity liability.
n. Stock based compensation
The Company accounts for stock based compensation based on the
intrinsic value method. Option discount representing the excess of the
fair value or the market value of the underlying shares at the date of
the grant over the exercise price of the option is amortised on a
straight line basis over the vesting period of the shares issued under
the Company''s Employee Stock Option Plan (ESOP).
o. Taxes on income
Current tax
Provision is made for I ncome tax under the tax payable method, based
on the liability computed, after taking credit for allowances and
exemptions.
Minimum Alternate Tax
Minimum alternate tax (MAT) paid in accordance to the tax laws, which
gives rise to future economic benefits in the form of adjustment to
future income tax liability, is considered as an asset if there is
convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax.
Accordingly, MAT is recognised as an asset in the balance sheet when it
is probable that future economic benefit associated with it will flow
to the Company and the asset can be measured reliably.
Deferred tax
Deferred tax charge or credit reflects the tax effect of timing
differences between accounting income and taxable income for the
period. The deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding
deferred tax liabilities or assets are recognised using the tax rates
that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet
date. Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent there is
reasonable certainty that the assets can be realised in future.
However, where there is unabsorbed depreciation or carried forward loss
under taxation laws, deferred tax assets are recognised only if there
is a virtual certainty of realisation of such assets. Deferred tax
assets are reviewed as at each balance sheet date and written down or
written-up to reflect the amount that is reasonably virtually certain
(as the case may be) to be realised.
Unrecognised deferred tax assets of earlier years are re-assessed and
recognised to the extent that it has become reasonably certain that
future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax
assets can be realised.
p. Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting
preference dividends and attributable taxes) by the weighted average
number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Partly paid equity
shares are treated as a fraction of an equity share to the extent that
they were entitled to participate in dividends relative to a fully paid
equity share during the reporting period. The weighted average numbers
of equity shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for events of
bonus issue; bonus element in a rights issue to existing shareholders;
share split; and reverse share split (consolidation of shares).
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net
profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the
weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are
adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
qr. Provisions and contingent liabilities
The Company creates a provision when there is a present obligation as a
result of a past event that probably requires an outflow of resources
and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. A
disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible
obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not,
require an outflow of resources. Where there is a possible obligation
or a present obligation in respect of which the likelihood of outflow
of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.
r. Onerous contracts
Present obligations arising under onerous contracts are recognized and
measured as a provision. An onerous contract is considered to exist
where the company has a contract under which the unavoidable costs of
meeting the obligations under the contract exceed the economic benefits
expected to be received under it.
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