Real-time Stock quotes, portfolio, LIVE TV and more.
1.45 (0.82%)
1.4 (0.78%) | Accounting Policy | Year : Mar '12 | ||||
a) Change in accounting policy Presentation and disclosure of financial statements During the year ended March 31, 2012, the Revised Schedule VI notified under the Companies Act, 1956, has become applicable to the Company, for preparation and presentation of its financial statements. The adoption of revised Schedule VI does not impact recognition and measurement principles followed for preparation of financial statements. However, it has significant impact on presentation and disclosures made in the financial statements. The Company has also reclassified the previous year figures in accordance with the requirements applicable in the current year. b) Use of estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on the management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets or liabilities in future periods. c) Tangible fixed assets Fixed assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses if any. Cost comprises the purchase price and directly attributable cost of bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use. Borrowing costs relating to acquisition of fixed assets which takes substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are also included to the extent they relate to the period till such assets are ready for its intended use. From accounting periods commencing on or after December 7, 2006, the Company adjusts exchange differences arising on translation/settlement of long-term foreign currency monetary items pertaining to the acquisition of a depreciable asset to the cost of the asset and depreciates the same over the remaining life of the asset. d) Depreciation on tangible fixed assets Depreciation is provided using the Straight Line Method, using the rates arrived at based on the useful lives of the fixed assets estimated by the management, which corresponds to the rate prescribed under Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956. Leasehold improvements are amortised over the period of the lease or its estimated useful life whichever is lower. Leasehold land is amortised on a straight line basis over the period of lease (95 years for land at Mahape and 77 years for land at Surat). Assets acquired on hire purchase/finance lease are generally depreciated over the period of useful life of assets on a straight- line basis unless there is no reasonable certainty that the ownership of the asset would be obtained at the end of the agreement term. Where there is no reasonable certainty that the ownership of the asset would be obtained at the end of the agreement term such assets are depreciated over the shorter of the contract term or the asset''s useful life in accordance with the Company''s normal depreciation policy. e) Intangible assets Intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses if any. Software is amortized over its estimated useful life of six years on straight-line method. f) Inventories Raw materials, packing materials, stores and spares Lower of cost or net realizable value. However, materials and other items held for use in the production of inventories are not written down below cost if the finished products in which they will be incorporated are expected to be sold at or above cost. Custom Duty on imported stock lying at custom bonded warehouse is not provided pending decision on clearance under export incentive scheme. Cost is determined on a FIFO basis by applying specific identification method for paper and on FIFO basis for other raw materials, packing materials, stores and spares. Work-in-progress and finished goods Lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost includes materials and labour and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on normal operating capacity. Cost of finished goods includes excise duty wherever applicable. Cost is determined on FIFO basis. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated cost of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale. g) Investments Investments, which are readily realizable and intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments. On initial recognition, all investments are measured at cost. The cost comprises purchase price and directly attributable acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and duties. Current investments are carried in the financial statements at lower of cost and fair value determined on an individual investment basis. Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognize a decline other than temporary in the value of the investments. On disposal of an investment, the difference between its carrying amount and net disposal proceeds is charged or credited to the statement of profit and loss. h) Revenue recognition Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. The following specific recognition criteria must also be met before revenue is recognized: Sale of Goods: Sales of printed material and fulfillment product are recognized on transfer of property in goods and performance of service. Sales are inclusive of excise duty, wherever applicable, but net of trade discount and other applicable taxes. Export sales are net of freight expense. The Company collects sales taxes and value added taxes (VAT) on behalf of the government and, therefore, these are not economic benefits flowing to the Company. Hence, they are excluded from revenue. Income from Services: Revenue from services is recognized as and when the services are rendered. Export incentives: Export incentive principally comprises of duty drawback, Duty Entitlement Pass Book credit, excise duty rebate and other benefits available to the Company based on guidelines formulated for the respective schemes by the government authorities. These incentives are recognized as revenue on accrual basis to the extent it is probable that realization is certain. Interest: Revenue is recognized on a time proportion basis taking in to account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable. Dividends: Revenue is recognized when the shareholders right to receive payment is established by the balance sheet date. i) Borrowing costs Borrowing cost includes interest, amortization of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost. Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period they occur. j) Foreign currency translation Foreign currency transactions and balances Initial Recognition: Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency, by applying to the foreign currency amount, the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction. Conversion: Foreign currency monetary items are translated using the exchange rates prevailing at the reporting date. Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction and non-monetary items which are carried at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rates that existed when the values were determined. Exchange differences From accounting periods commencing on or after December 7, 2006, the Company accounts for exchange differences arising on translation/ settlement of foreign currency monetary items as below: 1. Exchange differences arising on long-term foreign currency monetary items related to acquisition of a fixed asset are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining useful life of the asset. For this purpose, the Company treats a foreign monetary item as long-term foreign currency monetary item, if it has a term of 12 months or more at the date of its origination. 2. Exchange differences arising on other long-term foreign currency monetary items are accumulated in the Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation Difference Account and amortized over the remaining life of the concerned monetary item but not beyond accounting period ended on or before March 31, 2020. All other exchange differences are recognized as income or as expenses in the period in which they arise. Forward exchange contracts entered into to hedge foreign currency risk of an existing asset/liability The premium or discount arising at the inception of forward exchange contract is amortized and recognized as an expense/ income over the life of the contract. Exchange differences on such contracts, except the contracts which are long-term foreign currency monetary items, are recognized in the statement of profit and loss in the period in which the exchange rates change. Any profit or loss arising on cancellation or renewal of such forward exchange contract is also recognized as income or as expense for the period. Any gain/loss arising on forward contracts which are long-term foreign currency monetary items is recognized in accordance with paragraphs 1 and 2 above. k) Retirement and other employee benefits Retirement benefits in the form of Provident Fund and Superannuation fund are defined contribution schemes and the contributions are charged to the Profit and Loss Account of the year when the contributions to the respective funds are due. There are no other obligations other than the contribution payable to the respective trusts. Gratuity liability is a defined benefit obligation and the cost is provided for on the basis of an actuarial valuation on Projected Unit Credit method made at the end of each financial year. Short term compensated absences are provided for based on estimates. Long-term compensated absences are provided for based on actuarial valuation. The actuarial valuation is done as per Projected Unit Credit Method. Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to statement of profit and loss and are not deferred. I) Leases (where the Company is lessee) Finance leases, which effectively transfer to the Company substantially all the risks and benefits incidental to ownership of the leased item, are capitalized at the inception of lease term at the lower of the fair value and present value of the minimum lease payments. Lease payments are apportioned between the finance charges and reduction of the lease liability based on the implicit rate of return. Finance charges are recognized as finance cost in the profit and loss account. Lease management fees, legal charges and other initial direct costs are capitalized. Leases, where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the leased term, are classified as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense in the Profit and Loss Account on a straight-line basis over the lease term. m) Impairment of Tangible and Intangible assets The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset''s recoverable amount. An asset''s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset''s or cash-generating unit''s (CGU) net selling price and its value in use. The recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects currency market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining net selling price, recent market transactions are taken into account, if available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used. After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life. An assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any indication that previously recognized impairment losses may no longer exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, the Company estimates the asset''s or cash- generating unit''s recoverable amount. A previously recognized impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset''s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized. The reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognized in the statement of profit and loss unless the asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal is treated as a revaluation increase. n) Income taxes Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income-tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961 enacted in India and tax laws prevailing in the respective tax jurisdictions where the Company operates. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date. Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of timing differences between taxable income and accounting income originating during the currency year and reversal of timing differences for the earlier years. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities relate to the taxes on income levied by same governing taxation laws. Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable timing differences. Deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible timing differences only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized. In situations where the Company has unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward tax losses, all deferred tax assets are recognized only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realized against future taxable profits. In the situations where the Company is entitled to a tax holiday under the Income-tax Act, 1961 enacted in India or tax laws prevailing in the respective tax jurisdictions where it operates, no deferred tax (asset or liability) is recognized in respect of timing differences which reverse during the tax holiday period, to the extent the Company''s gross total income is subject to the deduction during the tax holiday period. Deferred tax in respect of timing differences which reverse after the tax holiday period is recognized in the year in which the timing differences originate. However, the Company restricts recognition of deferred tax assets to the extent that it has become reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized. For recognition of deferred taxes, the timing differences which originate first are considered to reverse first. At each balance sheet date, the Company re-assesses unrecognized deferred tax assets. It recognizes unrecognized deferred tax asset to the extent that it has become reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date. The Company writes-down the carrying amount of deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be realized. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available. Minimum alternate tax (MAT) paid in a year is charged to the statement of profit and loss as current tax. The Company recognizes MAT credit available as an asset only to the extent that there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period, i.e., the period for which MAT credit is allowed to be carried forward. In the year in which the Company recognizes MAT credit as an asset in accordance with the Guidance Note on Accounting for Credit Available in respect of Minimum Alternative Tax under the Income-tax Act, 1961, the said asset is created by way of credit to the statement of profit and loss and shown as MAT Credit Entitlement. The Company reviews the MAT credit entitlement asset at each reporting date and writes down the asset to the extent the Company does not have convincing evidence that it will pay normal tax during the specified period. o) Employee Stock Option Plan The measurement and disclosure of employee share-based payment plans is done in accordance with SEBI (Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase Scheme) Guidelines, 1999 and the Guidance Note on Accounting for Employee Share-based Payments, issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. The Company measures compensation cost relating to employee stock options using the intrinsic value method. Compensation expense is amortized over the vesting period of the option on a straight line basis. p) Segment reporting Identification of segments The Company operates in a single business segment in view of the nature of the products and services provided. The analysis of geographical segments is based on the areas in which major operating divisions of the Company operate. Segment Accounting Policies The Company prepares its segment information in conformity with the accounting policies adopted for preparing and presenting the financial statements of the Company as a whole. q) Earnings per Share Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for events such as bonus issue, bonus element in a rights issue, share split, and reverse share split (consolidation of shares) that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares. r) Provisions A provision is recognized when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on the best estimate required to settle the obligation at the reporting date. These estimates are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. s) Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of cash flow statement comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less. t) Contingent liabilities A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements. u) Derivative instruments In accordance with ICAI announcement, derivative contracts, other than foreign currency forward contracts covered under AS 11 are marked to market on a portfolio basis, and the net loss, if any, after considering the offsetting effect of gain on the underlying hedged item, is charged to the statement of profit and loss. Net gain, if any, after considering the offsetting effect of loss on the underlying hedged item, is ignored. v) Measurement of EBITDA As permitted by the Guidance Note on the Revised Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956, the Company has elected to present earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) as a separate line item on the face of the statement of profit and loss. The Company measures EBITDA on the basis of proW(loss) from continuing operations. In its measurement, the Company does not include depreciation and amortization expense, finance costs and tax expense. |
|||||
![]() | |||||
| Source : Dion Global Solutions Limited | |||||
![]() | |||||