Accounting Convention
The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost
convention, on an accrual basis, in accordance with the Generally
Accepted Accounting Principles and applicable accounting standards as
notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules 2006.
Use of estimates
The preparation and presentation of financial statements in conformity
with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles requires making of
estimates and assumptions that effect the reported amounts of assets
and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at
the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of
revenues and expenses during the reporting year. Differences between
the actual result and estimates are recognised in the year in which the
results are known/materialised.
Revenue Recognition
Sale of products are recognised when risk and rewards of ownership of
the products are passed on to the customers, which is generally on the
despatch of goods. Sales are exclusive of sales tax. Licence fee is
accounted based on terms of the contract. Interest income is recognized
on time proportion basis.
Fixed Assets and Depreciation/Amortization
Fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition less accumulated
depreciation and impairment, if any. Cost is inclusive of freight,
duties, taxes and other directly attributable costs incurred to bring
the assets to their working condition for intended use. Depreciation is
charged using straight-line method based on the useful lives of the
fixed assets as estimated by the management as specified below, or the
rates specified in accordance with the provisions of Schedule XIV of
the Companies Act, 1956, whichever is higher.
Depreciation is charged on a pro-rata basis for assets purchased/sold
during the year. Individual fixed assets costing less than Rs.5000 are
depreciated in full, in the year of purchase. Cost of leasehold land is
amortised over the period of the lease or management estimate whichever
is lower.
Impairment of Assets
The Company assesses at each Balance Sheet date whether there is any
indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication
exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the asset. If
such recoverable amount of the asset or the recoverable amount of the
cash generating unit to which the asset belongs is less than its
carrying amount, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable
amount. The reduction in the carrying amount is treated as an
impairment loss and is recognised in the Profit and Loss Account. If at
the Balance Sheet date there is an indication that if a previously
assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is
reassessed and the asset is reflected at the recoverable amount.
Inventories
Inventories consist of raw and packing materials, stores and spares,
work in progress and finished goods. Inventories are valued at lower of
cost and net realisable value. Cost of Inventories is determined on
weighted average basis. Cost of manufactured finished goods and
work-in-progress includes material cost determined on weighted average
basis and also includes an appropriate portion of allocable overheads.
Employee benefits
(i) Post-employment Benefits
(a) Defined Contribution Plans:
The Company has Defined Contribution Plans for post-employment
benefits, charged to Profit and Loss account, in the form of
— Provident Fund administered by the Regional Provident Fund
Commissioner;
— Superannuation Fund as per Company policy administered by Company
managed trust and
— State Defined Contribution Plans: Employer''s Contribution to
Employees'' State Insurance.
(b) Defined Benefit Plans:
Funded Plan: The Company has Defined Benefit Plan for post-employment
benefits in the form of
— Gratuity for all employees administered through trust.
Unfunded Plan: The Company has unfunded Defined Benefit Plans in the
form of
— Post Retirement Medical Benefits (PRMB) as per its policy.
Liability for the above defined benefit plans is provided on the basis
of valuation, as at the Balance Sheet date, carried out by independent
actuary. The actuarial method used for measuring the liability is the
Projected Unit Credit method.
(ii) Liability for Compensated Absences and Leave Travel Allowance
which are in the nature of short term benefits is provided for as per
company rules on an accrual basis
(iii) Termination benefits and long service awards in terms of Company
policy are recognized as an expense as and when incurred
(iv) The Actuarial gains and losses arising during the year are
recognized in the Profit and Loss Account for the year.
(v) The Procter & Gamble Company, USA has a Employee Stock Option
Plan whereby the employees covered by the plan are granted an option
to purchase shares of the ultimate holding company i.e. - The Procter &
Gamble Company, USA at a fixed price (grant price) for a fixed period
of time. The difference between the market price and grant price on the
exercise of the stock options issued by the Ultimate Holding Company to
the employees of the Company is charged in the year of exercise by the
employees.
Research and Development
Capital expenditure on Research and Development is capitalized as Fixed
Assets. All revenue expenditure on Research and Development is charged
off to the respective heads in the Profit and Loss account in the year
in which it is incurred.
Foreign Exchange Transactions
Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded at the exchange rates
prevailing on the date of transaction. Monetary items denominated in
foreign currencies are stated at the closing exchange rate. In the case
of Monetary items covered by forward exchange contracts, the premium or
discount arising at the inception of such a forward exchange contract
is amortised as expense or income over the life of the contract and the
difference between the year end rate and rate on the date of the
contract is recognised as exchange difference in the Profit and Loss
Account. Gains/Losses on conversion/ translation have been recognised
in the Profit and Loss Account.
Taxation
Income-tax expense comprises current tax (i.e. amount of tax for the
year determined in accordance with the income-tax laws) and deferred
tax charge or credit (reflecting the tax effect of timing differences
between accounting income and taxable income for the year). Provision
for taxation for the Company''s financial year ended on June 30,2011 is
based on the results of the 9 months ended March 31,2011 (Assessment
year 2011-12) and for the 3 months ended June 30, 2011 (Assessment year
2012-13). The ultimate liability for the Assessment year 2011-12 is
determined on the total income of the Company for the year ending on
March 31, 2011. The deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding
deferred tax liabilities and/or assets are recognised using the tax
rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance
Sheet date. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent
there is reasonable certainty that the assets can be realised in
future. However, where there is unabsorbed depreciation or carry
forward losses under taxation laws, deferred tax assets are recognized
only if there is virtual certainty of realisation of such assets.
Deferred tax assets are reviewed as at each Balance Sheet date and are
written down or written up to reflect the amount that is reasonably/
virtually certain (as the case may be) to be realised.
Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) credit entitlement is recognised as an
asset by crediting the Profit and Loss Account to the extent there is
convincing evidence that the same will be utilised within the
stipulated period and disclosing an equivalent amount as an asset under
''Loans and Advances'' in accordance with Guidance Note on Accounting
for Credit Available in respect of Minimum Alternate Tax under the
Income Tax Act, 1961 issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants
of India.
The Fringe Benefit Tax has been calculated and accounted for in
accordance with the provisions of the Income-tax Act, 1961 and the
guidance note on Accounting for Fringe Benefits Tax issued by the
Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. Pursuant to enactment of
Finance Act, 2009, Fringe Benefit stands abolished w.e.f. April 01,
2009.
Borrowing cost
Borrowing costs directly attributable to acquisition or construction of
qualifying assets (i.e. those fixed assets which necessarily take a
substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use) are
capitalised. Other borrowing costs are recognised as an expense in the
period in which they are incurred.
Leases
Lease payments under operating lease are recognised as an expense in
the Profit and Loss Account on a straight line basis over the lease
term with the lessor.
Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a legal and constructive
obligation as a result of a past event, for which it is probable that a
cash outflow will be required and a reliable estimate can be made of
the amount of the obligation. Contingent Liabilities are disclosed when
the Company has a possible obligation or a present obligation and it is
probable that a cash outflow will not be required to settle the
obligation. Contingent Assets are not recognized in financial
statements as they may never be realized.
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