a) BASIS OF ACCOUNTING
i) Financial Statements have been prepared under the historical cost
convention in accordance with the generally accepted accounting
principles and to comply with Accounting Standards prescribed in
Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules 2006 issued by the Central
Government in exercise of the powers conferred under section 642(1)(a)
and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956.
ii) The Company follows the mercantile system of accounting &
recognizes the income & expenditure on accrual basis.
b) USE OF ESTIMATES
The preparation of financial statements requires estimates and
assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets and
liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported
amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Difference
between the actual results and estimates are recognised in the period
in which the results are known / materialised.
c) FIXED ASSETS
Fixed assets are state d at their cost of acquisition or construction
less accumulated depreciation. Cost of acquisition or construction is
inclusive of direct cost (net of recoverable taxes), incidental
expenses and borrowing cost related to such acquisition or
construction.
d) INVESTMENTS
Investments are classified into cur rent and long term investments.
Current investments are stated at the lower of cost and fair value.
Long term investments are valued at cost. A provision for diminution is
made to recognize a decline, other than temporary, in the value of long
term investments.
e) DEPRECIAT ION AND AMORTISATION
i) Depreciation on fixed assets is provided for on the Straight Line
method in the manner and at the rates specified in Schedule XIV to the
Companies Act, 1956 except on fixed assets with 100% rate of
depreciation which are fully depreciated in the year of addition.
ii) Premium on Leasehold land is amortised over the period of lease.
iii) Intangible assets are amortised on straight line basis over their
estimated useful life. In respect of Patents & Trademarks, useful life
has been estimated by the Management as 10 years unless otherwise
stated in the relevant documents and in case of Specialized Software as
3 years. Depreciation Charge/Amortisation on impaired assets is
provided by adjusting in the future/ remaining periods so as to
allocate the asset''s revised carrying amount over its remaining useful
life.
f) INVENTORIES
Inventories have been valued at lower of cost or net realisable value.
In respect of stores and spares, packing material and raw material,
cost has been arrived at on FIFO basis. In case of work in progress and
finished goods, cost has been arrived at on standard cost basis. Scrap
has been valued at estimated realisable value.
g) REVENUE RECOGNITION
Revenue from sales is recognised on dispatch of
i) goods in accordance with the terms of sale.
Sales and purchases are exclusive of inter-unit
ii) transfers.
iii) Export Incentives and benefits are accounted for on accrual basis
when virtual certainty and their probable use within reasonable time in
the normal course of business, is established.
iv) Revenue from Services is recognized when the related services are
performed.
v) Interest is recognized using the time proportion method. Dividend
income is recognized when the company''s right to receive dividend is
established. Other items of Income are accounted as and when
vi) right to receive arise.
Non-compete fees received are apportioned
vii) proportionately over the period of such agreement.
h) FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS, FORWARD CONTRACTS AND DERIVATIVES
i) Transactions denominated in the foreign currencies are normally
recorded at the exchange rates prevailing at the time of the
transaction.
ii) Monetary items denominated in foreign currencies other than those
covered by forward exchange contracts are translated into rupees
equivalent at the rate of exchange prevailing on the Balance Sheet
date. Exchange differences that arise on settlement of monetary items
or on reporting date are recognized as income or expense in the period
in which they arise.
iii) Non-monetary items, which are carried at historical costs
denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate
at the date of the transactions.
iv) Exchange differences arising on Forward Contracts are recognized in
the period in which they arise and the premium paid/received is
accounted as expense/income over the period of the contract.
v) The company intends to adopt Accounting Standard (AS-30), Financial
Instruments, Recognition and Measurement in due course. Till the
adoption of AS 30, Mark to Market losses or gains on un-expired Forward
Contracts entered into to hedge the risk of changes in Foreign Currency
Exchange Rate on future export sales against the existing long term
contracts are accounted for on maturity of the contracts so as to safe
guard against considerable volatility in foreign exchange rates during
the intervening period.
i) RETIREMENT BENEFITS
i) Retirement benefits in the form of Provident fund is accounted on
accrual basis and charged to the Profit & Loss Account.
ii) Provision for liability towards gratuity and unavailed earned
leaves benefits to employees is made on the basis of actuarial
valuation.
j) BORROWING COSTS
Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or
construction of the qualifying assets are capitalised as part of the
cost of such assets, till the assets are ready for use. All other
borrowing costs are charged to revenue in the period in which they are
incurred.
k) LEASES
i) Finance leases or similar arrangement, which effectively transfer to
the company substantially all the risks and benefits incidental to
ownership of the leased items, are capitalized and disclosed as leased
assets. Finance charges are charged directly against income.
ii) Each lease rental paid is allocated between the liability and the
interest cost, so as to obtain a constant periodic rate of interest on
the outstanding liability for each period.
iii) Assets acquired on leases where a significant portion of the risks
and rewards of the ownership are retained by the lessor are classified
as operating leases. Lease rentals are charged to the Profit and Loss
Account on accrual basis.
l) EARNINGS PER SHARE (EPS)
The earnings considered in ascertaining the company''s EPS comprise the
Net Profit or Loss for the period after tax and extra ordinary items.
The basic EPS is computed on the basis of weighted average number of
equity shares outstanding during the year. The number of shares for
computation of diluted EPS comprises of weighted average number of
equity shares considered for deriving basic EPS and also the weighted
average number of equity shares which could be issued on the conversion
of all dilutive potential equity shares.
m) TAXES ON INCOME
i) Tax expense for the year comprises of Current Tax, and Deferred Tax.
Current taxes are measured at the current rate of tax in accordance
with provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
ii) Deferred tax Assets and Liabilities are recognized for future tax
consequences attributable to the timing differences that result between
taxable profit and the profit as per the financial statements. Deferred
tax as sets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax
laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance
Sheet date,
iii) Deferred tax assets are recognized on unabsorbed depreciation and
carry forward of losses under tax laws to the extent there is virtual
certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available
against which such deferred tax assets can be realized.
iv) The effect on deferred tax as sets and liabilities of a change in
tax rates is recognized in the Profit & Loss Account in the year of
change.
n) IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS
The carrying values of fixed assets and other assets of a cash
generating unit are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in
circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable, if
any such indication exists and where the carrying value exceeds the
estimated recoverable amount, the assets of the cash generating units
are written down to their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is
the greater of the net selling price and value in use. In assessing
value in use the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their
present value using the pre-tax discount rate that reflects current
market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to
the asset. For an asset that does not generate largely independent cash
flows, the recoverable amount is determined for the cash generating
unit to which the assets belongs Impairment losses are recognised in
the Profit and Loss Account.
o) PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS
Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement
are recognised when there is a present obligation as a result of past
events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources.
Contingent Liabilities are not recognised but are disclosed in the
notes. Contingent Assets are neither recognised nor disclosed in the
financial statements.
|