i) Basis of Accounting
The financial statements are prepared to comply in all material aspects
with all the applicable accounting principles in India, the applicable
Accounting Standards notified u/s 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956
and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956.
ii) Fixed Assets and Depreciation
a) Fixed Assets
Intangibles
Brands and Business Application Software (intended for long term use)
are recorded at their acquisition cost and in case of assets acquired
on merger, at their carrying values.
Tangibles
All fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition, less accumulated
depreciation. In the case of fixed assets acquired for new projects /
expansion, interest cost on borrowings and other related expenses
incurred upto the date of completion of project are capitalised.
b) Depreciation Intangibles
Computer Software is being depreciated on straight line method at the
rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.
Tangibles
Depreciation on fixed assets has been provided on straight line method
at the rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.
Depreciation on Building has been provided on the basis of lease
period.
Depreciation on additions / deletions of assets during the year is
provided on a pro-rata basis.
c) Impairment of Assets
The Company assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is any
indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication
exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the asset. If
such recoverable amount of the asset or the recoverable amount of the
cash generating unit to which the asset belongs is less than its
carrying amount, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable
amount. The reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is
recognised in the profit and loss account. If at the balance sheet date
there is an indication that if a previously assessed impairment loss no
longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is
reflected at the recoverable amount.
iii) Revenue recognition
Sales are recognized upon delivery of products and are recorded
inclusive of excise duty but are net of trade discounts and sales tax.
iv) Research and Development Cost
The research and development cost is accounted in accordance with
Accounting Standard - 26 Intangible Assets.
Research
Research costs, including patent filing charges, technical know-how
fees, testing charges on animal and expenses incurred on development of
a molecule till the stage of Pre-clinical studies and till the receipt
of regulatory approval for commencing phase I trials are treated as
revenue expenses and charged off to the Profit and Loss Account of
respective year.
Development
Development costs (costs incurred when the lead molecule enters phase I
trial and after obtaining regulatory approval for conducting phase I
studies) relating to design and testing of a new or improved materials,
products or processes are recognized as an intangible assets and are
carried forward under Capital Work in Progress until the completion of
the project as it is expected that such assets will generate future
economic benefits. During the course of the studies, if it is observed
that the studies are not proceeding as per expectations, the same are
discontinued and the amount classified under Capital Work in Progress
is charged off to Profit and Loss Account.
v) Retirement Benefits
The Company has Defined Contribution Plan for its employees retirement
benefits comprising of Provident Fund, Superannuation Fund and Pension
which are administered through its trustees. The Company and eligible
employees make monthly contributions to the Provident Fund trust equal
to specified percentage of the covered employees salary. The interest
rate payable by the Provident Fund trust to the beneficiaries every
year is being notified by the Government. The Company has an
obligation to make good any shortfall, if any, between the return from
the investments of the trust and the notified interest rates. The
Company contributes to Superannuation Fund and Employees Pension
Scheme 1995 and has no further obligations to the plan beyond its
monthly contribution.
The Company has Defined Benefit Plan comprising of Gratuity Fund, Leave
Encashment and Long Term Service Award. The Company contributes to the
Gratuity Fund, which is administered through its trustees. The
liability for the Gratuity, Leave Encashment and Long Term Service
Award is determined on the basis of an independent actuarial valuation
done at the year-end. The actuarial valuation method used for measuring
the liability is the Projected Unit Credit method. The obligations are
measured as the present value of estimated future cashflows discounted
at rates reflecting the prevailing market yields of Indian Government
securities as at the Balance Sheet date for the estimated term of the
obligations. The estimate of future salary increases considered takes
into account the inflation, seniority, promotion and other relevant
factors. The expected rate of return of the plan assets is the
Companys expectation of the average long term rate of return expected
on investments of the fund during the estimated term of the
obligations. Plan assets are measured at fair value as at the Balance
Sheet date.
vi) Valuation of Inventories
Raw materials and packing materials are valued at cost. Finished goods
are valued at lower of cost or net realisable value. Net realizable
value is the estimate of the selling price in the ordinary course of
business as applicable.
vii) Foreign Currency Transaction
The transactions in foreign exchange are accounted at the exchange rate
prevailing on the date of transactions. Gain or loss resulting from the
settlement of such transaction and from the translation of monetary
assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency are recognised
in the Profit and Loss Account.
viii) Taxes on Income Current Tax
Current tax is determined as the amount of tax payable in respect of
taxable income for the year.
Deferred Taxation
Deferred Tax resulting from timing differences between book and tax
profits is accounted for under the liability method, at the current
rate of tax, to the extent that the timing differences are expected to
crystallise.
ix) Employee Stock Option Schemes
In accordance with the Securities and Exchange Board of India
guidelines, the excess of the Intrinsic value of shares, at the date of
grant of options under the Employee Stock Option Schemes, over the
exercise price is treated as employee compensation and amortised over
the vesting period.
x) Provisions and Contingent Liabilities
The Company recognises a provision when there is a present obligation
as a result of a past event that probably requires an outflow of
resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the
obligation. A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there
is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably
will not, require an outflow of resources. Where there is a possible
obligation or a present obligation that the likelihood of outflow of
resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.
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