a. Basis of accounting
The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost
convention, on the accrual basis of accounting and in accordance with
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (''GAAP'') in India and comply
with Accounting Standards prescribed by the Companies (Accounting
Standards) Rules, 2006 and the relevant provisions of the Companies
Act, 1956.
b. Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting policies requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities
and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and the reported accounts of revenues and expenses for the
years presented. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
c. Fixed assets
Fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition or construction less
accumulated depreciation. Cost includes purchase price and all other
attributable costs of bringing the assets to working condition for
intended use. Financing costs relating to borrowed funds attributable
to acquisition or construction of fixed assets, which takes substantial
period of time to get ready for its intended use are also included, for
the period till such asset is put to use.
d. Depreciation
i. Depreciation on fixed assets is provided on written down value
method at the rates specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act,
1956 or based on the management''s estimates of the useful life of the
assets, whichever is higher. Accordingly, the depreciation rates used
are as follows:
Building 5.00%
Plant & Machinery (including Office Equipment) 30.00%
Shuttering & Scaffolding 40.00%
Furniture & Fixtures 30.00%
Motor Vehicles 25.89%
Computers 60.00%
ii. Cost of building on land held on license basis is amortized over
the period of license of project facility.
iii. Assets costing Rs.5,000 or less individually are fully depreciated
in the year of purchase.
e. Capital Work In Progress
Capital work in progress includes advances given and expenditure
incurred in connection with the purchase/ construction of fixed assets
and pending allocation to the fixed assets.
f. Pre-operative expenditure pending allocation
Pre-operative expenditure incurred in relation to construction of fixed
assets in respect of projects which are yet to commence commercial
operations pending allocation includes:
i. Incidental expenditure during construction period comprising payment
to and provision for employees, professional fees and other
administrative expenses pending allocation to fixed assets on
completion of the Project.
ii. Interest and financing cost net of interest income pending
allocation to fixed assets on completion of the Project.
g. Revenue Recognition
i. Revenue from projects is recognised on the ''Percentage of Completion
Method'' of accounting. Revenue is recognized, in relation to the sold
areas only, on the basis of percentage of actual cost incurred thereon
including land as against the total estimated cost of the project under
execution subject to such actual costs being 30% or more of the total
estimated cost. The estimates of saleable area and costs are revised
periodically by the management. The effect of such changes to estimates
is recognised in the period such changes are determined.
ii. Income from construction contracts is recognised by reference to
the stage of completion of the contract activity at the reporting date
of the financial statements. The related costs there against are
charged to the profit and loss account of the year. The stage of
completion of the contract is measured by reference to the proportion
that contract cost incurred for work performed up to the reporting date
bear to the estimated total contract cost for each contract.
iii. Any expected loss on real estate project or construction contract
is recognised as an expense when it is certain that the total cost will
exceed the total revenue.
iv. The revenue on account of interest on delayed payment by customers
and expenditure on account of compensation/penalty for project delays
are accounted for at the time of acceptance/settlement with the
customers due to uncertainties with regard to determination of amount
receivable/payable.
v. Income from license fee is recognised on accrual basis in accordance
with the terms of agreement with the sub-licensees.
vi. Interest income is recognised on accrual basis on a time proportion
basis.
vii. Dividend income is recognised when the Company''s right to receive
dividend is established.
h. Cost of Construction/Development
Cost of Construction/Development (including cost of land) incurred is
charged to the profit and loss account proportionate to project area
sold. Adjustments, if required, are made on completion of the
respective projects.
i. Inventories
Inventory comprises completed property for sale and property under
construction (work-in-progress).
i. Completed unsold inventory is valued at lower of cost and net
realisable value. Cost is determined by including cost of land,
materials, services and other related overheads.
ii Work-in-progress is valued at lower of cost and net realisable
value. Cost comprises cost of land (including development rights),
materials, services and other overheads related to projects under
construction.
j. Investments
Investments intended to be held for more than a year are classified as
long term investments. All other investments are classified as current
investments. Long term investments are stated at cost less provision
for diminution in value, if such diminution is other than temporary.
Current investments are stated at lower of cost and fair value on an
individual investment basis.
k. Segment policies
The Company''s reporting segments are identified based on
activities/products, risk and reward structure, organization structure
and internal reporting systems.
l. Accounting for joint ventures
i. Jointly controlled operations – The Company''s share of revenue,
expenses, assets and liabilities are included in the financial
statements as revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities respectively.
ii. Jointly controlled entities – The Company''s investment in jointly
controlled entities is reflected as investment and accounted for in
accordance with the Company''s accounting policy of Investments (See
Note 2 j above).
m. Foreign Currency Transactions
Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded at the exchange rate
prevailing on the date of the transactions. Monetary items denominated
in foreign currency and outstanding at the balance sheet date are
translated at the exchange rate prevailing on the balance sheet date.
Exchange differences on translation of monetary assets and liabilities
and realised gain and losses on foreign currency transactions are
recognised in the profit and loss account.
n. Taxation
Income tax comprises current tax and deferred tax. Current tax is the
amount of tax payable as determined in accordance with the provisions
of the Income Tax Act, 1961. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are
recognized subject to the consideration of prudence for the future tax
consequences of timing differences, being the difference between
taxable income and accounting income, that originate in one period and
are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Deferred tax
assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates enacted or
substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.
o. Earnings per share
The earnings considered in ascertaining the Company''s EPS is the net
profit after tax. The number of shares used in computing basic EPS is
the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period.
The weighted diluted earnings per equity share are computed using the
weighted average number of equity shares and dilutive potential equity
shares outstanding during the period.
p. Provision for Retirement benefits
i. Short term employee benefits are recognised as an expense at the
undiscounted amounts expected to be paid over the period of services
rendered by the employees of the Company.
ii. The Company''s contribution to Provident Fund, a defined
contribution plan is deposited with the Employees Provident Fund
Organisation (EPFO). These are charged to the profit and loss account
when the contribution to the fund is due.
iii. Gratuity is a defined contribution plan covering eligible
employees. The plan provides for a lump sum payment to vested employees
on retirement, death with in employment or termination of employment of
an amount equivalent to 15 days salary for each completed year of
service. Vesting occurs on completion of five years of service.
Liability for Gratuity is provided on the basis of actuarial valuation
carried out at the Balance Sheet date by an independent actuary using
the Projected Unit Credit method.
iv. Liability for leave encashment/availment is treated as long term
liability and is provided on the basis of valuation by an independent
actuary at the year end.
q. Borrowing cost
Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or
construction of a qualifying asset are considered as part of the cost
of that asset. A qualifying asset is an asset that necessarily requires
substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale.
Other borrowing costs are recognised as an expense in the year in which
they are incurred.
r. Provisions
Provision is recognized when an enterprise has a present obligation as
a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation and in respect of which a
reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are determined based on
management estimates required to settle the obligation at the balance
sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted
to reflect the current management estimate.
s. Impairment of assets
At each balance sheet date, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of
its fixed assets to determine whether there is any indication that
those assets suffered impairment loss. If any such indication exists,
the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine
the extent of impairment loss. Recoverable amount is the higher of an
asset''s net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use,
the estimated future cash flows expected from the continuing use of the
asset and from its disposal are discounted to their present value using
a pre-discount rate that reflect the current market assessment of time
value of money and the risks specific to the asset. The impairment loss
as determined above is expensed off.
t. Leases
Lease arrangements where the risk and rewards incident to ownership of
an asset substantially vest with the lessor are recognised as operating
lease. Lease rent under operating leases are charged to the Profit and
Loss account on a straight line basis over the lease term.
Assets given under operating leases are included in fixed assets. Lease
income is recognised in the Profit & Loss Account on a straight line
basis over the lease term. Costs, including depreciation are recognised
as expense in the profit and loss account.
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