1. Accounting Convention
Financial statements have been prepared in accordance with applicable
Accounting Standards in India. A summary of important accounting
policies is set out below. The financial statements have also been
prepared in accordance with relevant presentational requirements of the
Companies Act, 1956.
2. Basis of Preparation of Financial statements
The financial statements have been prepared as of a going concern on
historical cost convention and on accrual basis of accounting in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and the
provisions of Companies Act, 1956.
3. Use of Estimates
The presentation of financial statements requires the management to
make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of
assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liability as at the
date of financial statements and the reported amount of revenue and
expenses during the reporting period. Difference between the actual
results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results
are known/materialized.
4. Inventory
Inventory is valued as under:- Stores and Spares – at monthly weighted
average cost.
Traded goods and Equipments stock – at lower of Weighted Average on
FIFO Basis or realizable value.
Projects / Contracts work in progress – at cost. Provisions are made
for anticipated losses, if any.
5. Prior Period / Extraordinary Items / Event Occurring after Balance
Sheet Date
All prior period items, which are material and which arise in the
current period as a result of ''errors and omissions'', in the
preparation of prior periods'' financial statements, are separately
disclosed in the current statement of Profit and Loss. However,
differences in actual income / expenditure arising out of over or under
estimation in the previous period are not treated as prior period
income / expenditure.
All extraordinary items, i.e., gains or losses which arise from events
or transactions which are distinct from the ordinary activities of the
company and which are material are separately disclosed in the
statement of accounts.
Assets and liabilities should be adjusted for events occurring after
the balance sheet date that provide additional evidence to assist the
estimation of amounts relating to conditions existing at the balance
sheet date.
6. Fixed Assets and Depreciation
> Fixed Assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation
thereon. Cost includes original cost of acquisition, including
incidental expenses related to such acquisition and installation.
> Exchange rate gain or loss on foreign currency loans related to
acquisition of depreciable assets is being capitalized.
> Depreciation is provided on the straight-line method basis, except in
the case of Vehicles, where the written down value method is used. The
rates of depreciation prescribed in Schedule-XIV to the Companies Act,
1956 are considered as the minimum rates. If the management''s estimate
of the useful life of a fixed asset at the time of acquisition of the
asset or of the remaining useful life on a subsequent review is shorter
than that envisaged in the aforesaid schedule, depreciation is provided
at a higher rate. Pursuant to this policy depreciation on plant and
machinery has been provided @ 5.15%, which is higher than the
corresponding rates prescribed under schedule-XIV to the Companies Act,
1956.
7. Impairment of assets
At each balance sheet date, the Company assesses whether there is any
indication that an asset is impaired. If any such indication exists,
the Company estimates the recoverable amount. An impaired loss is
recognized in the profit and loss account to the extent the carrying
amount exceeds the recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the
higher of the asset''s fair value less costs to sell and value.
8. Intangible Assets
Intangible assets consisting of Technical Know-how and Software are
amortized over a period of five years or over the remaining useful
lives determined on a subsequent review, if shorter.
9. Revenue Recognition
Sales of products are recognized when risk and reward of ownership of
products are passed on to the customers which is generally on dispatch
of goods and are exclusive of sales tax.
Revenue from service contracts is accounted for when services are
rendered and / or in terms of the agreement with the parties.
Revenue from projects is recognized on the proportionate completion
method including in respect of turnkey project work. In accordance with
this method, revenue is recognized in proportion to the actual cost
incurred as against the total estimated cost of projects under
execution. The determination of revenue under this method involves
making estimates, some of which are of technical nature, concerning,
where relevant, the proportion of completion, cost of completion and
expected revenues etc.
10. Foreign Currency transactions
Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the rates prevailing
on the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities
relating to foreign currency transaction remaining unsettled at the end
of the year are translated at the year-end rates. Exchange difference
arising on settlement of transactions and translation of monetary items
are recognized as income or expense in the year in which they arise
except for the exchange difference related to acquisition of fixed
assets which are capitalized.
11. Investments
Current Investments are stated at lower of cost or net fair market
value. Long term investments including in subsidiaries, associates etc.
are carried at cost less provision, if any, for diminution, other than
temporary, in their value.
12. Retirement Benefits
Provident Fund
The Company''s contributions towards Provident fund are charged to the
Profit and Loss Account for the year.
Superannuation benefits
The Company has availed for Employees Group superannuation scheme with
the Life Insurance Corporation of India for providing pension benefits
to its staff that have satisfied the criteria specified by the company
from time to time. Contribution paid to the Scheme is charged to
revenue account.
Gratuity benefits and Leave encashment
The Company provides for gratuity liability and leave encashment on the
basis of actuarial valuation at the year end and incremental liability,
if any, is provided for in the books. The actuarial valuation is done
based on Projected Unit Credit Method. Actuarial Gains and Losses
comprise of experience adjustments and the effects of changes in
actuarial assumptions and are recognised immediately in the Profit and
Loss Account as income or expense.
13. Borrowing Cost
Borrowing costs attributable to the acquisition, construction or
production of a qualifying asset is capitalized as part of the cost of
the asset. Other borrowing costs are recognized as an expense in the
period in which they are incurred.
14. Leases
Assets taken on finance lease are capitalized in accordance with the
Accounting Standard 19 on Leases notified by Companies (Accounting
Standards) Rules, 2006.
In respect of assets taken on operating lease, the lease rentals are
charged to the profit and loss account on a straight line basis over
the lease term.
15. Taxes on Income
Tax expense for the period, current tax, deferred tax and fringe
benefit is included in determining the net profit/ (loss) for the
period.
Deferred Tax is recognized for all timing differences between the
accounting income and taxable income for the year that originates in
one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent
periods and is quantified using the enacted/substantially enacted tax
rates as at the balance sheet date.
Deferred Tax Assets are recognized where realization is reasonably
certain whereas in case of carried forward losses or unabsorbed
depreciation, deferred tax assets are recognized only if there is a
virtual certainty of realization backed by convincing evidence.
Deferred Tax Assets are reviewed for the appropriateness of their
respective carrying value at each Balance Sheet date.
16. Earning Per Share
The Company reports basic and diluted Earnings Per Share (EPS) in
accordance with Accounting Standard 20 on Earnings Per Share notified
by Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, 2006. Basic EPS is computed
by dividing the net profit or loss for the year by the weighted average
number of Equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted EPS is
computed by dividing the net profit or loss for the year by the
weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year as
adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares,
except where the results are anti-dilutive.
17. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
Provisions are recognized only when there is a present obligation as a
result of past events and when a reliable estimate can be made of the
amount of obligation.
Contingent liability is disclosed for
(i) Possible obligations which will be confirmed only by future events
not wholly within the control of the Company or
(ii) Present obligations arising from past events where it is not
probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the
obligation or a reliable estimates of the amount of the obligation can
not be made.
Contingent Assets are not recognized in the financial statements since
this may result in the recognition of income that may never be
realized.
18. Share Issue Expenses
Share issue expenses are adjusted against securities premium account to
the extent of balance available and the balance portion, if any, left
thereafter is charged off to the profit and loss account, as incurred.
Premium on redemption of FCCB is also adjusted against securities
premium account.
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