1. Method of Accounting
The financial statements are prepared under historical cost convention
and on accrual basis and in accordance with the provisions of the
Companies Act, 1956 and accounting principles generally accepted in
India and comply with the Accounting Standards prescribed in the
Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 issued by the Central
Government to the extent applicable. The accounting is on the basis of
a going concern concept.
2. Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires estimates and assumptions to be
made that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities on the
date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues
and expenses during the reporting period. Differences between actual
results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results
are known/ materialized.
3. Fixed Assets:
Fixed assets are stated at historical cost net of Cenvat credit A/alue
added Tax, including appropriate direct and allocated expenses less
accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any.
Increase/Decrease in rupee liability in respect of foreign currency
liability related to acquisition of fixed assets is recognized as
expense or income in the Profit and Loss Account. Self constructed
assets are capitalized at factory cost.
4. Investments:
Long Term Investments are carried at cost inclusive of all expenses
incidental to acquisition. Provision for diminution in value of long
term investments is made only if such a decline is other than temporary
in nature in the opinion of the management. Adjustment for diminution
in value of long term investments, considered temporary in the opinion
of the management, are determined for each investment individually and
credited to Investment Fluctuation Reserve by transfer from Profit &
Loss Account.
5. Valuation of Inventories:
Inventories are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value after
providing for obsolescence wherever necessary. Cost is determined on
weighted average basis. Net realizable value is the estimated selling
price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of
completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale.
6. Translation of Foreign Currency Transactions:
Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the prevailing exchange
rates at the time of initial recognition. Exchange differences arising
on final settlement are adjusted and recognized as income or expense in
the profit and loss account. Outstanding balances of monetary items
denominated in foreign currency are restated at closing exchange rates
and the difference adjusted as income or expense in the profit and loss
account.
The premium or discount arising at the inception of forward exchange
contracts is accounted as income or expense over the life of the
contract. Any profit or loss arising on cancellation or renewal of
forward exchange contract is recognized as income or as expense in the
period in which they arise.
7. Depreciation
Depreciation on all fixed assets is provided on the written down value
method except in the case of Wind Mills for which Straight Line Method
is adopted at the rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act,
1956. For additions and deletions depreciation is provided on pro-rata
basis.
8. Recognition of Revenue
Income and Expenditure are recognized and accounted on accrual basis as
and when they are earned or incurred. Revenue from sale transaction is
recognized as and when significant risks and rewards attached to
ownership in the goods is transferred to the buyer. Revenue from
service transactions is recognized on the completion of the contract.
Dividend from Investments, Export incentives under Duty Entitlement
Pass Book [DEPB] Scheme and Duty drawback scheme are recognized when
the right to receive paymenVcredit is established and no significant
uncertainty as to measurability or collectability exists.
9. Borrowing costs
Interest on borrowings, if any, attributable to acquisition of
qualifying Assets are capitalized and included in the cost of the
asset, as appropriate.
10. Earnings per Share:
Basic Earning per share is calculated by dividing the Net Profit after
tax attributable to the equity shareholders by the weighted average
number of Equity Shares outstanding during the year.
11. Employee Benefits:
Short term employee benefits (other than termination benefits) which
are payable within 12 months after the end of the period in which the
employees render service are accounted on accrual basis.
Defined Contribution Plans
Company''s contributions paid / payable during the year to Provident
Fund and ESIC are recognised in the profit and loss account.
Defined Benefit Plans
Company''s liabilities towards gratuity and leave encashment are
determined using the projected unit credit method which considers each
period of service as giving rise to an additional unit of benefit
entitlement and measures each unit separately to build up the final
obligation. Past services are recognized on a straight line basis over
the average period until the amended benefits becomes vested. Actuarial
gains or losses are recognized immediately in the statement of profit
and loss account as income or expense. Obligation is measured at the
year end as present value of estimated future cash flows using a
discounted rate that is determined by reference to market yields at the
balance sheet date on government bonds where the currency and terms of
the government bonds are consistent with the currency and estimated
terms of the defined benefit obligations.
12. Research and Development
Revenue expenditure incurred on Research and Development activities are
expensed. Fixed assets relating to Research and Development are
capitalized and depreciation provided thereon.
13. Taxes on Income
Current Tax is determined as per the provisions of the Income-tax Act,
1961 in respect of taxable income for the year and based on the
expected outcome of assessment/appeals.
Deferred Tax assets and liabilities are recognized on timing
differences between accounting income and taxable income for the year
and quantified using the tax rates and laws enacted or substantively
enacted as on the Balance Sheet date.
Deferred Tax assets, other than those arising on account of unabsorbed
depreciation or carry forward of losses under tax laws, are recognized
and carried forward subject to consideration of prudence only to the
extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future
taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets
can be realized.
14. Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets
Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement
are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past
events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources.
Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the
notes to financial statements. Contingent assets are neither recognized
nor disclosed in the financial statements. Provisions, contingent
liabilities and contingent assets are reviewed at each balance sheet
date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate.
15. Cash Flow Statements
Cash Flows are reported using the Indirect method, whereby profit
before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non- cash
nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash
receipts or payments and items of income or expense associated with
investing or financing cash flows. Cash and cash equivalents include
cash on hand and balances with banks in current and deposit accounts
with necessary disclosure of cash and cash equivalent balances that are
not available for use by the company.
16. Segment Reporting
Segment accounting policies are in line with the accounting policies of
the company, except that segment revenue includes sales and other
income directly identifiable or allocable to the segment including
inter-segment revenue.
Business segments are identified on the basis of the nature of
products/services, the risk-return profile of individual businesses,
the organizational structure and the internal reporting system of the
company.
Segment revenue, segment expenses and segment assets and liabilities
include those directly identifiable with the respective segments.
Income, expenses, assets and liabilities which are not identifiable
with or allocable to a separate segment on a reasonable basis but are
related to the company as a whole are shown as unallocated items.
Inter-segment transfers are accounted for on weighted average cost
basis.
17. Impairment of assets
An asset is treated as impaired when the carrying amount of the asset
exceeds its estimated recoverable value. Carrying amounts of fixed
assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date to determine indications
of impairment, if any, of those assets. If any such indication exists,
the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated and an impairment loss
equal to the excess of the carrying amount over its recoverable value
is recognized as an impairment loss. The impairment loss, if any,
recognized in prior accounting period is reversed if there is a change
in estimate of recoverable amount.
18. Leases
Assets given on leases where substantial risks and rewards incident to
ownership of the asset are not transferred to the lessee are classified
as operating leases. Lease income from such operating leases is
recognized on straight line basis over the lease term. Depreciation on
such leased assets is charged as per the normal depreciation policy of
the company for similar assets. Initial direct costs incurred
specifically in relation to such operating leases is recognized as
expense in the period in which they are incurred.
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