1 BACKGROUND
ING Vysya Bank Limited (the Bank) was incorporated on 29 March 1930
and is headquartered in Bangalore. Subsequent to acquisition of stake
in the Bank by ING Group N.V. in August 2002, the name of the Bank was
changed from Vysya Bank Limited to ING Vysya Bank Limited.
2 BASIS OF PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
These financial statements have been prepared and presented under the
historical cost convention and accrual basis of accounting, unless
otherwise stated, and in accordance with the generally accepted
accounting principles (GAAP) in India and conform to the statutory
requirements prescribed under the Banking Regulation Act, 1949,
circulars and guidelines issued by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
from time to time to the extent they have financial statements impact
and current practices prevailing within the banking industry in India.
The financial statements comply in all material respects with the
Notified accounting standards by Companies (Accounting Standards)
Rules, 2006 and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956, to
the extent applicable and current practices prevailing within the
banking industry in India. The accounting policies have been
consistently applied and except for the changes in accounting policy
disclosed in these financial statements, are consistent with those used
in the previous year.
3 USE OF ESTIMATES
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles in India requires management
to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of
assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent liabilities at the
date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues
and expenses for the reporting period. The estimates and assumptions
used in the accompanying financial statements are based upon
management''s evaluation of the relevant facts and circumstances as of
the date of financial statements. Actual results could differ from
those estimates. Any revisions to accounting estimates are recognized
prospectively in the current and future periods.
4 REVENUE RECOGNITION
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the Bank and the revenue can be reliably
measured.
a. Income and expenditure is accounted on accrual basis except as
stated below:
Interest on advances, securities and other assets classified as
non-performing assets/ securities is recognized on realization in
accordance with the guidelines issued by the RBI.
Processing fees collected on loans disbursed, along with related loan
acquisition costs are recognized at the inception of the loan.
b. Income on assets given on lease
Finance income in respect of assets given on lease is accounted based
on the interest rate implicit in the lease in accordance with the
guidance note issued by the ICAI in respect of leases given up to 31
March 2001 and in accordance with AS 19 - Leases in respect of leases
given from 1 April 2001.
c. Premium/discount on acquired loans
Premium paid/discount received on loans acquired under deeds of
assignment are recognised in the profit and loss account in the year of
such purchases.
d. Sale of investments
Realized gains on investments under Held To Maturity (HTM) category
are recognized in the profit and loss account and subsequently
appropriated, from the profit available for appropriation, if any, to
capital reserve account in accordance with RBI guidelines after
adjusting for income tax and appropriations to the statutory reserve.
5 FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS
a. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies
are translated into Indian Rupees at the rates of exchange prevailing
at the balance sheet date as notified by Foreign Exchange Dealers
Association of India (FEDAI) and resulting gains/losses are
recognised in the profit and loss account.
b. Outstanding forward exchange contracts and bills are revalued on
the balance sheet date at the rates notified by FEDAI and the resultant
gain/ loss on revaluation is included in the profit and loss account.
c. Contingent liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are
disclosed on the balance sheet date at the rates notified by FEDAI.
d. Derivative contracts including foreign exchange contracts which
have overdue receivables which have remain unpaid for 90 days or more
are classified as non-performing assets and provided for as per the
extant master circular on Prudential Norms on Income Recognition, Asset
Classification and Provisioning issued by RBI.
6 DERIVATIVE TRANSACTIONS
Derivative transactions comprise forwards, interest rate swaps,
currency swaps, currency and cross currency options to hedge on-balance
sheet assets and liabilities or to take trading positions.
Derivative transactions designated as Trading are Marked to Market
(MTM) with resulting gains/losses included in the profit and loss
account and in other assets/other liabilities. Derivative transactions
designated as Hedge are accounted for on an accrual basis.
7 INVESTMENTS
For presentation in the Balance sheet, investments (net of provisions)
are classified under the following heads - Government securities, Other
approved securities, Shares, Debentures and Bonds, Subsidiaries and
Joint Ventures and Others, in accordance with Third Schedule to the
Banking Regulation Act, 1949.
Valuation of investments is undertaken in accordance with the
Prudential Norms for Classification, Valuation and Operation of
Investment Portfolio by Banks issued by the RBI. For the purpose of
valuation, the Bank''s investments are classified into three categories,
i.e. ''Held to Maturity'', ''Held for Trading'' and ''Available for Sale'':
a. Held to Maturity (HTM) comprises securities acquired by the Bank
with the intention to hold them upto maturity. With the issuance of RBI
Circular No. DBOD. BP.BC.37/21/04/141/2004-05 dated 2 September 2004,
the investment in SLR securities under this category is permitted to a
maximum of 25% of Demand and Time Liabilities.
b. Held for Trading (HFT) comprises securities acquired by the
Bankwith the intention of trading i.e. to benefit from short-term
price/interest rate movements.
c. Available for Sale (AFS) securities are those, which do not
qualify for being classified in either of the above categories.
d. Transfer of securities between categories of investments is
accounted for at the acquisition cost / book value / market value on
the date of transfer, whichever is lower, and the depreciation, if any,
on such transfer is fully provided for.
Valuation of investments is undertaken as under:
a. For investments classified as HTM, excess of cost over face value is
amortized over the remaining period of maturity. The discount, if any,
being unrealised is ignored. Provisions are made for diminutions other
than temporary in the value of such investments.
b. Investments classified as HFT and AFS are revalued at monthly
intervals. These securities are valued scrip- wise and any resultant
depreciation or appreciation is aggregated for each category. The net
depreciation for each category is provided for, whereas the net
appreciation for each category is ignored. The book value of individual
securities is not changed consequent to periodic valuation of
investments
c. In the event provisions created on account of depreciation in the
Available for sale or Held for trading categories are found to be
in excess of the required amount in any year, such excess is recognised
in the profit and loss account and subsequently appropriated, from
profit available for appropriation, if any, to Investment Reserve
account in accordance with RBI guidelines after adjusting for income
tax and appropriation to statutory reserve.
d. Treasury bills and Commercial paper being discounted instruments,
are valued at carrying cost. Discount accreted on such instruments is
disclosed under other assets in accordance with RBI directive and
investments are shown at acquisition cost.
e. REPO and Reverse REPO transactions are accounted for on an outright
sale and outright purchase basis respectively in line with RBI
guidelines. The cost/income of the transactions upto the year end is
accounted for as interest expense/income. However, in case of reverse
REPO, the depreciation in value of security compared to original cost
is provided for.
8 ADVANCES
Advances are classified into standard, sub-standard, doubtful and loss
assets in accordance with the guidelines issued by RBI and are stated
net of provisions made towards non-performing advances.
Provision for non-performing advances comprising sub- standard,
doubtful and loss assets is made in accordance with the RBI guidelines
which prescribe minimum provision levels and also encourage banks to
make a higher provision based on sound commercialjudgement.
Non-performing advances are identified by periodic appraisals of the
loan portfolio by management. In case of consumer loans, provision for
NPAs is made based on the inherent risk assessed for the various
product categories. The provisioning done is higher than the minimum
prescribed under RBI guidelines.
As per RBI guidelines, a general provision at the rate of 0.40% is made
on all the standard advances except for the following where provision
is made at different rates.
a. at 0.25% for loans to Small and Medium Enterprises and direct
agricultural advances; and.
b. at 1.00% on Commercial Real Estate (CRE) sector.
c. at 2.00% on housing loans at teaser rates
Provision towards standard assets is shown separately in the Balance
Sheet under Schedule-5 - Other liabilities and Provisions.
9 FIXED ASSETS
Fixed assets are stated at historical cost less accumulated
depreciation, with the exception of premises, which were revalued as at
31 December 1999, based on values determined by approved valuers.
Cost includes cost of purchase of the asset and all other expenditure
in relation to its acquisition and installation and includes duties,
taxes (excluding service tax), freight and any other incidental expense
incurred on the asset before it is ready for commercial use.
Office Equipment (including Electrical and Electronic equipment,
Computers, Vehicles and other Office Appliances) are grouped under
Other Fixed Assets.
a. Depreciation on Premises is charged on straight line basis at the
rate of 1.63% upto 31 March 2002 and at 2% with effect from 1 April
2002.
b. Additional depreciation on account of revaluation of assets is
deducted from the current year''s depreciation and adjusted in the
Revaluation Reserve account.
Depreciation on the following items of Fixed Assets is charged over the
estimated useful life of the assets on Straight Line basis. The rates
of depreciation are:
i. Electrical and Electronic equipment - 20%
ii. Furniture and Fixtures - 10%
iii. Vehicles-20%
iv. Computers and Software - 33.33%
v. ATMs and VSAT equipment-16.66%
vi. Improvements to leasehold premises - amortised over the shorter of
primary period of lease or estimated useful life of such assets, which
is currently estimated at 6 years.
Depreciation on Leased Assets is provided on WDV method at the rates
stipulated under Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956.
Software whose actual cost does not exceed Rs. 100,000 and other items
whose actual cost does not exceed Rs. 10,000 are fully expensed in the
year of purchase.
Assets purchased during the year are depreciated on the basis of actual
number of days the asset has been put to use in the year. Assets
disposed off during the year are depreciated upto the date of disposal.
Capital work-in-progress includes cost of fixed assets that are not
ready for their intended use and also includes advances paid to acquire
fixed assets.
Profits on sale of fixed assets is first credited to profit and loss
account and then appropriated to capital reserve.
10 IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS
In accordance with AS 28 - Impairment of Assets, the Bank assesses at
each balance sheet date whether there is any indication that an asset
(comprising a cash generating unit) may be impaired. If any such
indication exists, the Bank estimates the recoverable amount of the
cash generating unit. The recoverable amount is the greater of the
asset''s net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use,
the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value
at the weighted average cost of capital. If such recoverable amount of
the cash generating unit is less than its carrying amount, the carrying
amount is reduced to its recoverable amount. The reduction is treated
as an impairment loss and is recognised in the profit and loss account.
After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying
amount of the asset over its remaining useful life. If at the balance
sheet date, there is an indication that a previously assessed
impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed
and the asset is reflected at the revised recoverable amount, subject
to a maximum of depreciated historical cost.
11 NON-BANKING ASSETS
Non-Banking assets acquired in settlement of debts /dues are accounted
at the lower of their cost of acquisition or net realisable value.
12 CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, balances with Reserve
Bank of India, balances with other banks/ institutions and money at
call and short notice (including the effect of changes in exchange
rates on cash and cash equivalents in foreign currency).
13 EMPLOYEES''STOCK OPTION SCHEME
The Employee Stock Option Schemes provide for the grant of equity
shares of the Bank to its employees. The Schemes provide that employees
are granted an option to acquire equity shares of the Bank that vests
in a graded manner. The options may be exercised within a specified
period. The Scheme is in accordance with the Securities and Exchange
Board of India (SEBI) (Employees Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock
Purchase Scheme) Guidelines, 1999. The Bank follows the intrinsic
value method to account for its stock-based employee compensation plans
as per the Guidance Note on ''Accounting for Employee Share- based
Payments'' issued by the ICAI. Compensation cost is measured by the
excess, if any, of the fair market price of the underlying stock over
the exercise price on the grant date. The fair price is the latest
closing price, immediately prior to the date of the Board of Directors
meeting in which the options are granted, on the stock exchange on
which the shares of the Bank are listed. If the shares are listed on
more than one stock exchange, then the stock exchange where there is
highest trading volume on the said date is considered.
14 STAFF BENEFITS
The Bank provides for its Pension, Gratuity and Leave liability based
on actuarial valuation done as per the Accounting Standard 15
(Revised).
i. Retirement benefits in the form of Provident Fund is a defined
contribution scheme and the contributions are charged to the Profit and
Loss Account of the year when the contributions to the respective funds
are due. There are no other obligations other than the contribution
payable to the respective trusts.
ii. Gratuity, Pension and Leave Encashment Liability are defined
benefit obligations and are provided for on the basis of an actuarial
valuation on projected unit credit method made at the end of each
financial year.
iii. Long term compensated absences are provided for based on actuarial
valuation. The actuarial valuation is done as per projected unit credit
method. Short term compensated absences are provided for based on
estimates.
iv. Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to profit and loss
account and are not deferred.
15 TAXES ON INCOME
Income-tax expense comprises current tax (i.e. amount of tax for the
year determined in accordance with the income- tax law) and deferred
tax charge or credit (reflecting the tax effects of timing differences
between accounting income and taxable income for the year). The
deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax
liabilities or assets are recognized using the tax rates that have been
enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. Deferred
tax assets are recognized only to the extent there is reasonable
certainty that the assets can be realized in future; however, where
there is unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward of losses under
taxation laws, deferred tax assets are recognized only if there is
virtual certainty of realization of such assets. Deferred tax assets
are reviewed as at each balance sheet date and written down or written-
up to reflect the amount that is reasonably/virtually certain (as the
case may be) to be realized.
The Bank offsets, on a year on year basis, current tax assets and
liabilities, where it has a legally enforceable right and where it
intends to settle such assets and liabilities on a net basis.
16 NET PROFIT/(LOSS)
Net profit / (loss) disclosed in the profit and loss account is after
considering the following:
- Provision/write off of non-performing assets as per the norms
prescribed by RBI;
- Provision for income tax and wealth tax;
- Depreciation/ write off of investments; and
- Other usual, necessary and mandatory provisions, if any.
17 EARNINGS PER SHARE (EPS)
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.
Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution that could
occur if contracts to issue equity shares were exercised or converted
during the year. Diluted earnings per equity share is computed using
the weighted average number of equity shares and dilutive potential
equity shares outstanding during the year, except where the results are
anti-dilutive.
18 PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS
In accordance with AS 29 - Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and
Contingent Assets, the Bank creates a provision when there is a present
obligation as a result of a past event that probably requires an
outflow of resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount
of the obligation. Such provisions are not discounted to present
value. A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a
possible obligation, or a present obligation where outflow of resources
is not probable. Where there is a possible obligation or a present
obligation in respect of which the likelihood of outflow of resources
is remote, no provision or disclosure is made. Provisions are reviewed
at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best
estimate. If it is no longer probable that an outflow of resource would
be required to settle the obligation, the provision is reversed. The
bank does not account for or disclose contingent assets, if any.
|