1. System of Accounting:
(a) The Company follows mercantile system of accounting and recognizes
income and expenditure on an accrual basis. Financial Statements are
prepared under historical cost convention, in accordance with the
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (GAAP) and comply in
all material aspects, with mandatory accounting standards as notified
by the Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules 2006, relevant provisions
of the Companies Act 1956 and statements issued by the Institute of
Chartered Accountants of India. The significant accounting policies
followed by the Company are set out below. Management has made certain
estimates and assumptions in conformity with the GAAP in the
preparation of these financial statements. which are reflected in the
preparation of these financial statements.
(b) The Financial Statements are prepared to comply in all material
aspects with all the applicable accounting principles in India, the
applicable accounting standards notified under section 211 (3C) of the
Companies Act, 1956 and relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956.
(c) Fixed Assets
Fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition or construction together
with resultant write-up due to revaluation, as there may be less
depreciation and impairment, if any. Cost comprises the purchase price
and other attributable costs, including interest and finance costs
incurred till the asset is commissioned.
(d) Depreciation
Depreciation on revalued assets is calculated on their respective
revalued amounts at rates considered applicable by the valuer on the
straight-line method. In respect of other fixed assets, depreciation is
calculated in the manner and at applicable rates specified in Schedule
XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 or at such other rates and in the manner
in accordance with the circular No. 1/86, dated 21st May, 1986 of the
Department of Company affairs, Government of India under straight line
method.
Leasehold assets are amortized over the period of lease.
(e) Inventories
Raw materials are valued at cost (on weighted average basis) or net
realizable value whichever is lower.
Finished Goods are valued at cost or net realizable value whichever is
lower.
Work-in-progress is valued at cost or below.
Stores and Spare parts are valued at cost (on weighted average basis)
or below.
Stores and Spare parts for specific machinery are valued at cost or
below (cost of such spares are amortized over the unexpired useful
lives of the related machinery as estimated by the management).
Scrap Stock is valued at estimated net realizable value.
(f) Foreign Currency Transactions
Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at exchange rates
prevailing on the dates of respective transactions. The difference in
translation and realized gains and losses on foreign exchange
transactions are recognized in the Profit and Loss Account.
(g) Employee Benefits
Short-term employee benefits (i.e. benefits payable within one year)
are recognized in the period in which the employee service is rendered.
Years accrued liability on account of gratuity and leave encashment
benefit payable to employees under defined benefit plan is ascertained
on the basis of actuarial valuation made on the Balance Sheet date and
provided in the accounts.
Contributions towards provident funds are recognized as expense.
Contribution to Provident Fund in respect of certain employees is made
to the Trusts administered by the Company, and in respect of other
employees is made to the office of the Employees Provident Fund
Commissioner, under Employees Provident Funds and Miscellaneous
Provisions Act, 1952. The interest rate payable to the members of the
Trusts administered by the Company is not lower than the rate of
interest declared annually by the Central Government under Employees
Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 and shortfall,
if any, is made good by the Company.
Years accrued liability on account of Pension Scheme for certain
employees under defined benefit plan upto 31st December, 2000 is
ascertained and provided for on the basis of actuarial valuation made
on the Balance Sheet date. The said Pension Scheme was amended from
defined benefit plan to defined contribution plan effective ,1st
January 2001 and the benefits under the defined benefit plan were
frozen as on 31st December, 2000. Years accrued liability in respect
of the aforesaid defined contribution plan is ascertained as per the
Companys policy and charged as expense for the year.
(h) Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent it is probable that the economic
benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably
measured. *
i. Domestic sales are accounted on dispatch of products to customers
and export sales are accounted on the basis of dates of bill of lading.
Sales are disclosed net of sales tax, discounts and returns-, as
applicable.
ii. Export incentives / interest income and income-on investments are
accounted on accrual basis.
(i) Accounting for Taxes on Income
Income Tax expense comprises current tax, fringe benefit tax and
deferred tax charge. Deferred tax is recognised on timing differences;
being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that
originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more
subsequent periods. Deferred tax assets in respect of unabsorbed
depreciation and/or carry forward of losses are recognised only if
there is virtual certainty that sufficient future taxable income will
be available against which such deferred tax assets will be realised.
Such assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date to reassess
realisability thereof.
(j) Borrowing Cost
Borrowing costs that are attributable to the acquisition or
construction of a qualifying assets are capitalized as part of cost of
such assets till such time as the assets is ready for its intended use.
A qualifying asset is an asset that necessarily requires a substantial
period of time to get ready for its intended use. All other borrowing
costs are recognized as expenses in the period in which they are
incurred.
(k) Provision, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement
are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past
events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources.
Contingent Liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the
notes. Contingent Assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the
financial statements.
(l) Impairment of Assets
The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date
if there- is any indication of impairment based on internal \ external
factors. An impairment loss will be recognized wherever the carrying
amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. A previously
recognized impairment loss if further provided or reversed depending on
changes in circumstances. (m) Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per snare are cafcu/atecf 6y divicfing tfie net
profit or foss for the period attributable to equity share holder by
the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the
period. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the
net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity share holders
and weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is
adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
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