1.1 Basis of preparation of financial statements
These financial statements are prepared and presented under the
historical cost convention, except for certain fixed assets which were
revalued (at fair value) during the year ended 31 March 2009, on the
accrual basis of accounting, and in accordance with the relevant
provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 (''the Act'') and the accounting
principles generally accepted in India and comply with the Accounting
Standards (AS) prescribed by the Companies (Accounting Standards)
Rules, 2006 issued by the Central Government, in consultation with the
National Advisory Committee on Accounting Standards (''NACAS'') and
relevant pronouncements of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of
India (''ICAI'') to the extent applicable. The financial statements are
presented in Indian rupees.
1.2 Going concern
The Company''s net worth (excluding revaluation reserve) stands
partially eroded as at 31 March 2011. However, the financial statements
have been prepared on a going-concern basis based on a letter of
support from its major shareholders stating that they will continue to
provide such financial support to the Company as is necessary to
maintain the Company as a going concern for the foreseeable future and
to meet its debts and liabilities, both present as well as in the
future, as and when they fall due for payment in the normal course of
business, and the business plans reviewed by the management.
Accordingly, these financial statements do not include any adjustments
relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded assets,
or to amounts and classification of liabilities that may be necessary
if the entity is unable to continue as a going concern.
1.3 Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with the
generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in India requires
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent
liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported
amount of revenues expenses during the reporting period. The estimates
and assumptions used in the accompanying financial statements are based
upon management''s evaluation of the relevant facts and circumstances as
of the date of the financial statement. Actual results could differ
from those estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is
recognized prospectively in current and future periods.
1.4 Fixed assets and depreciation
Fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition or revalued amounts, as
the case may be, less accumulated depreciation/amortisation and
impairment losses, if any. Cost comprises of purchase price and any
other attributable costs such as freight, duties and taxes (to the
extent not recoverable from tax authorities), borrowing costs and
expenses incidental to acquisition, installation of the asset up to the
time the assets are ready for their intended use.
Advance paid/ expenditure incurred on acquisition/ construction of
fixed assets which are not ready for their intended use at each balance
sheet date are disclosed under capital work in progress.
Depreciation on fixed assets except leasehold improvements is provided
on straight line basis at the rates prescribed under Schedule XIV of
the Act which in management''s opinion, reflects the estimated useful
economic lives of fixed assets. Leasehold improvements in the nature of
hangar and administrative building are amortised over the primary lease
period or the useful life of the assets, whichever is shorter.
Major component parts of a helicopter which require replacement at
regular intervals are identified and depreciated separately over their
respective estimated remaining useful life. Accordingly, rotor heads
are segregated from the helicopters are depreciated over 5,000 hours,
being their estimated useful life.
Assets individually costing up to Rs 5,000 are depreciated fully in the
year of their purchase.
Where depreciable assets are revalued, the additional depreciation on
the revalued amount is transferred from the revaluation reserve to the
profit and loss account.
1.5 Impairment of assets:
Where there is an indication of impairment of the Company''s assets, the
Company estimates the recoverable amount of the asset or a group of
assets. The recoverable amount of the asset (or where applicable, that
of the cash generating unit to which the asset belongs) is estimated as
the higher of its net selling price and its value in use. In assessing
value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to the
present values based on an appropriate discount factor. If such
recoverable amount of the asset or the recoverable amount of the
cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs is less than its
carrying amount, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable
amount. The reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is
recognized in the profit and loss account. If at the balance sheet date
there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no
longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is
reflected at the recoverable amount subject to a maximum of depreciated
historical cost.
1.6 Maintenance expenditure
Helicopter maintenance checks including overhaul and repairs and
maintenance that are required to be performed at regular intervals as
enforced by the Director General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) and in
accordance with the maintenance programme laid down by the
manufacturers are debited to the profit and loss account as and when
incurred.
1.7 Inventories
Inventories comprising of consumables, spare and shop supplies, are
valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined on
the basis of weighted average method. Cost of inventory comprises of
all cost of purchase and other incidental cost incurred in bringing the
inventories to their present location and condition.
1.8 Revenue recognition
Service income, including income from operation and maintenance
contracts and reimbursement of expenses is recognized as and when
services are rendered in accordance with the terms of the specific
contracts, net of all contractual deductions. Revenue is recognised net
of all taxes and levies.
Interest income is recognised on time proportion basis.
1.9 Employee benefits
(a) Short term employee benefits
All employee benefits payable wholly within twelve months of rendering
the service are classified as short-term employee benefits. Benefits
such as salaries, wages and short term compensated absences, etc. and
the expected cost of ex-gratia are recognized in the period in which
the employee renders the related service.
(b) Post employment benefits
Defined contribution plans:
The Company makes specified monthly contributions towards employee
provident fund and employees'' state insurance corporation (''ESIC''). The
Company''s contribution paid / payable under the scheme is recognised as
an expense in the profit and loss account during the period in which
the employee renders the related service.
Defined benefit plan:
The Company''s gratuity benefit scheme is a defined benefit plan. The
Company''s net obligation in respect of the gratuity benefit scheme is
calculated by estimating the amount of future benefit that employees
have earned in return for their service in the current and prior
periods; that benefit is discounted to determine its present value, and
the fair value of any plan assets is deducted.
The present value of the obligation under such defined benefit plan is
determined based on actuarial valuation at the balance sheet date using
the Projected Unit Credit Method, which recognizes each period of
service as giving rise to additional unit of employee benefit
entitlement and measures each unit separately to build up the final
obligation. The obligation is measured at the present value of the
estimated future cash flows. The discount rates used for determining
the present value of the obligation under defined benefit plan, are
based on the market yields on Government securities as at the balance
sheet date.
Actuarial gains and losses are recognized immediately in the profit and
loss account.
(c) Long term employment benefits:
The Company''s net obligation in respect of long-term employment
benefits is the amount of future benefit that employees have earned in
return for their service in the current and prior periods. The
obligation is calculated using the projected unit credit method and is
discounted to its present value and the fair value of any related
assets is deducted. The discount rates used for determining the present
value of the obligation under defined benefit plan, are based on the
market yields on Government securities as at the balance sheet date.
1.10 Foreign currency transactions
Foreign exchange transactions are recorded at the spot rates on the
date of the respective transactions. Exchange differences arising on
foreign exchange transactions settled during the year are recognized in
the profit and loss account of the year, except for exchange
fluctuations arising on settlement of long term foreign currency
monetary assets or liabilities.
Exchange differences arising on settlement of long term foreign
currency monetary assets or liabilities are adjusted to the cost of the
specifically identifiable assets as per the option available under
paragraph 46 of AS 11 The effect of changes in exchange rates'' inserted
pursuant to notification GSR 225 (E) issued by the Ministry of
Corporate Affairs dated 31 March 2009.
Restatement at reporting date
a) Short term foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities
Short term foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities denominated
in foreign currency are translated at the year end at the closing
exchange rate and the resultant exchange differences are recognized in
the profit and loss account.
A monetary asset or liability denominated in foreign currency is
designated as a short term monetary asset or liability if the original
term at the time of origination of the asset or liability is less than
12 months.
b) Long term monetary assets and liabilities
As per the option available under paragraph 46 of AS 11 ''The effect of
changes in exchange rates'' inserted pursuant to notification GSR 225
(E) issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs dated 31 March 2009 in
so far as they relate to recognition of losses or gains arising on
restatement of long term monetary items, the Company has availed the
option of adjusting the exchange differences on restatement of long
term foreign currency monetary assets or liabilities to the historical
cost of the depreciable asset where specifically identifiable and
depreciating the same over the remaining useful life of the asset. All
long term monetary assets or liabilities denominated in foreign
currency are specifically identifiable with depreciable assets and
hence no accumulation of exchange differences is made in the foreign
currency monetary item translation difference account.
A monetary asset or liability denominated in foreign currency is
designed as a long term monetary asset or liability if the original
term at the time of origination of the asset or liability is more than
12 months.
1.11 Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs that are attributable to the acquisition, construction
or production of qualifying assets are treated as direct cost and are
considered as part of cost of such assets. A qualifying asset is an
asset that necessarily requires a substantial period of time to get
ready for its intended use or sale. All other borrowing costs are
recognised as an expense in the period in which they are incurred.
Exchange fluctuations to the extent covered under paragraph 4 (e) of AS
16 – ''Borrowing cost'' are classified as borrowing cost and disclosed
accordingly.
1.12Taxation
Income tax comprises of current tax and deferred tax.
Current taxes
Current tax provision is made annually based on the tax liability
computed in accordance with provisions of the Income tax Act, 1961 and
is made annually based on the tax liability after taking credit for tax
allowance and exemptions.
Deferred taxes
Deferred tax liability or asset is recognized for timing differences
between the profits/losses offered for income taxes and profits/losses
as per the financial statements. Deferred tax assets and liabilities
are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or
substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets
are recognized only to the extent there is reasonable certainty that
they will be realized in future; however, where there is unabsorbed
depreciation or carry forward loss under taxation laws, deferred tax
assets are recognized only if there is a virtual certainty of
realization of such assets. Deferred tax assets are reassessed for the
appropriateness of their respective carrying values as at each balance
sheet date.
1.13 Leases
Lease rentals in respect of assets acquired under operating lease are
charged off to the profit and loss account on a straight line basis
with reference to the lease term and other contractual consideration as
incurred. Leases under which the Company assumes substantially all the
risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance lease. Such
assets acquired on or after 1 April 2001 are capitalized at fair value
of the assets or present value of the minimum lease payments at the
inception of the lease, whichever is lower. A corresponding amount is
recorded as a lease liability. The principal amount in the lease
rentals paid is adjusted against the lease liability and the balance
charged to the profit and loss account as finance cost.
1.14 Earnings per share (''EPS'')
Basic EPS is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the
period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average
number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted EPS is
computed using the weighted average number of equity and dilutive
equity equivalent shares outstanding during the year except where the
result would be anti dilutive.
1.15 Provisions and contingencies
The Company creates a provision where there is present obligation as a
result of a past event that probably requires an outflow of resources
and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. A
disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible
or a present obligation that may, but probably will not require an
outflow of resources. When there is a possible obligation in respect of
which the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or
disclosure is made.
Loss contingencies arising from claims, litigation, assessment, fines,
penalties, etc. are recorded when it is probable that a liability has
been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated.
1.16 Derivatives
In compliance with the announcement dated 29th March, 2008 by ICAI
regarding Accounting for Derivatives, the loss arising out of marking
each class of derivative contracts to market price is recognised in the
Profit and Loss Account. Income, if any, arising out of marking each
class of derivative contracts to market price is not recognised in the
Profit and Loss Account.
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