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| Accounting Policy | Year : Mar '07 | ||||
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES i) Basis of Accounting The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in India, the accounting standards issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India and the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956, as adopted consistently by the Company. The Company follows the mercantile system of accounting and recognises items of income and expenditure on an accrual basis. ii) Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses for the years presented. Actual results could differ from those estimates. iii) Revenue Recognition Revenue from software development contracts priced on a time and material basis is recognised as services are performed on the basis of billable time spent by employees working on the project, priced at the contracted rate. A provision is made for future warranty costs based on management's estimates of such future costs. In certain contracts the price at which the company provides product development services includes royalties that would become receivable in the future upon successful sale of products by the customers of the company. Such royalties are recognised only when such future sales occur. Revenue from software development on fixed price contracts is recognised on the proportionate completion method and where no significant uncertainty exists regarding the amount of consideration that will be derived on completion of the contract. Where the outcome of the contract cannot be reliably estimated, revenue is recognised only to the extent of cost incurred. A provision for anticipated loss is recognised where it is probable that the estimated contract costs are likely to exceed the total contract revenue. Revenue from sale of software user license/products with a conditional clause on acceptance but without any obligation for warranty, is recognised on acceptance of the software. Where such a sale also has an obligation for warranty, revenue is adjusted for the fair value of warranty and recognised on acceptance of the software and the portion of revenue represented by the fair value of warranty is recognised over the period of warranty. Where the sale is not conditional on acceptance but has an obligation for warranty, revenue is adjusted for the fair value of warranty and recognised on delivery of the software and the portion of revenue represented by the fair value of warranty is recognised over the period of warranty. Revenue from sale of goods is recognised as goods are despatched to the customers. Sales are recorded at invoice value, net of sales tax. Revenue from business process outsourcing services is recognised on the basis of billable time spent by employees, as per the terms of specific contracts. Revenue from maintenance services is recognised pro-rata over the period in which the services are rendered. Revenue from lease rent, commission and interest on bank deposits is recognised on accrual basis. iv) Fixed Assets Fixed assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Cost includes original cost of acquisition, including incidental expenses related to such acquisition and installation. The company does not capitalise the cost of equipment acquired specifically for client projects, for which the client has borne the cost and where there is no enduring benefit to the company following conclusion of the project. Such equipment is included in the project cost. v) Depreciation Depreciation on all fixed assets is provided on the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the assets at rates which are equal to or higher than the rates specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956. The depreciation rates used by the Company are as follows: Category of Fixed Assets Rate of Depreciation Factory Building 3.34% Plant & Machinery Computers 33.33% Air Conditioners 20.00% Others 14.29% Motor Vehicles 33.33% Furniture & Fixtures 20.00% Office Equipment 20.00% Software 33.33% Depreciation on addition to fixed assets is provided on pro-rata basis from the date the assets are put to use. Depreciation on sale/deduction from fixed assets is provided for upto the date of sale, deduction and discardment as the case may be. All assets costing Rs.5,000 or below are depreciated in full by way of a one-time depreciation charge. Leasehold improvements are amortised over the period of lease, including the optional period of lease, vi) Inventories Inventories are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value, cost being determined on FIFO basis. Cost includes all expenses incurred in bringing the goods to their present location and condition. vii) Impairment of Assets Whenever events indicate that assets may be impaired, the assets are subject to a test of recoverability based on estimates of future cash flows arising from continuing use of such assets and from its ultimate disposal. A provision for impairment loss is recognised where it is probable that the carrying value of an asset exceeds the amount to be recovered through use or sale of the asset. viii) Investments Long term investments are stated at cost, less provision for diminution in value of investments, which is considered to be permanent. Current investments are stated at lower of cost or fair market value. Cost includes original cost of acquisition, including brokerage and stamp duty. ix) Foreign Currency Transactions Transactions denominated in foreign currencies with respect to purchase of fixed assets are recorded at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the purchase order and all other transactions denominated in foreign currencies are recorded at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction. The financial statements of foreign branches of the company are translated and recorded in the functional currency of the company. Monetary items denominated in foreign currencies at the year-end are translated at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the Balance Sheet. Non-monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are carried at cost. Any income or expense on account of exchange differences either on settlement or on translation of transactions other than those relating to fixed assets acquired from sources outside India is recognised in the Profit and Loss Account. Gain or loss on translation of long-term liabilities incurred to acquire fixed assets from sources outside India is treated, as an adjustment to the carrying cost of related fixed assets. In respect of forward exchange contracts, the difference between the forward rate and the rate at the inception of a forward contract is recognised as income or expense over the life of the contract. Any income or expense on account of exchange differences either on settlement of the contract or on translation of the unmatured foreign currency contract at the rate prevailing on the date of the Balance Sheet date is recognised in the Profit and Loss Account. x) Retirement Benefits In accordance with the provisions of the Employees Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952, eligible employees of the company are entitled to receive benefits with respect to provident fund, a defined contribution plan in which both the company and the employee contribute monthly at a determined rate (currently 12% of employee's basic salary). These contributions are made to a fund set up by the company and administered by a board of trustees. The company has no liability for future provident fund benefits other than its monthly contribution, and recognises such contribution as an expense in the year incurred. Benefits payable to eligible employees of the company with respect to gratuity, a defined benefit plan is accounted for on the basis of an actuarial valuation as at the balance sheet date. In accordance with the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972, the plan provides for lump sum payments to vested employees on retirement, death while in service or on termination of employment in an amount equivalent to 15 days basic salary for each completed year of service. Vesting occurs upon completion of one to five years of service. The company contributes all the ascertained liabilities to a fund set up by the company and administered by a board of trustees. The present value of such obligation is determined by the projected unit credit method and adjusted for past service cost and fair value of plan assets as at the balance sheet date through which the obligations are to be settled. The resultant actuarial gain or loss on change in present value of the defined benefit obligation or change in return of the plan assets is recognised as an income or expense in the Profit and Loss Account. The expected return on plan assets is based on the assumed rate of return of such assets. Leave encashment benefits payable to employees with respect to accumulated leaves outstanding at the year end are accounted for on the basis of basic salary drawn by the employees as at the balance sheet date. The Company maintains a defined benefit pension plan in respect of employees transferred from Lucent Technologies GmbH (`Lucent') in terms of an agreement executed on February 18, 2003 whereby certain pension benefit • obligations were transferred to the company. The annual contribution to the plan is based on an actuarial valuation and is charged to the Profit & Loss Account. xi) Income Taxes Income taxes consist of current taxes and changes in deferred tax liabilities and assets. Income taxes are accounted for on the basis of estimated taxes payable and adjusted for timing differences between the taxable income and accounting income as reported in the financial statements. Current income tax has been provided at the enacted tax rates on income not exempt under the tax holiday, rental income, interest on deposits, investment income, capital gains and income taxes payable in foreign jurisdictions. Deferred tax assets or liabilities in respect of timing differences which originate during the tax holiday period but reverse after the tax holiday are recognised in the year in which the timing differences originate if they result in taxable Amounts. Deferred tax assets or liabilities are established at the enacted tax rates. Changes in the enacted rates are recognised in the period of enactment. Deferred tax assets are recognised only if there is a reasonable certainty that they will be realised and are reviewed for the appropriateness of their respective carrying values at each balance sheet date. xii) Leases Lease rentals are expensed with reference to lease terms. xiii) Earnings per Share Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. For calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares. xiv) Miscellaneous Expenditure Costs incurred for the development of computer software are deferred when technological feasibility has been established. Technological feasibility is based upon completion of a detailed program design. Thereafter, all software production costs are deferred and subsequently reported at the lower of unamortised cost and net realisable value. The company also incurs costs to develop new custom software modules that are generally included as components of larger systems developed by customers. Technological feasibility of the sub-system is largely dependent on the feasibility of the larger system, into which it is incorporated, over which the company has little control. Deferral of costs incurred to develop such software intended for sale is thus inappropriate and such amounts are expensed as they are incurred. Software development cost is amortised on a product-by-product basis. The periodic amortisation is the greater of the ratio of the current estimated revenues for each product over their estimated lifetime revenues and the straight-line amortisation over the remaining useful life. xv) Material Events Material events occurring after the Balance Sheet date are taken into cognisance. |
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| Source : Dion Global Solutions Limited | |||||
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