1. Basis of Preparation of Financial Statements
Financial Statements are prepared on an accrual basis, under historical
cost convention and in accordance with the Accounting Standards issued
by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India and as per the
requirements of the Companies Act, 1956.
2. Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements requires the management of the
Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
balances of assets and liabilities and disclosures relating to the
contingent liabilities as at the date of financial statements and
reported amounts of income and expenses during the year.
3. Fixed Assets, Intangible Assets and Capital Work-in-Progress
Fixed Assets are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and
impairment loss, if any. Cost includes all expenses incurred to bring
the assets to its present location and condition. Capital
Work-in-Progress comprises outstanding advances paid to acquire fixed
assets and the cost of fixed assets that are not yet ready for their
intended use at the reporting date. Assets acquired on hire purchase
are capitalized at gross value and interest thereon is charged to
revenue. Intangible assets are stated at cost of acquisition/ cost of
development less accumulated amortization.
4. Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation on fixed assets other than purchased for usage in
executing the contractual obligations with the customers under the
project is provided on Straight Line Method at the rates and in the
manner prescribed in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.
Fixed assets purchased for usage in executing the contractual
obligations with the customers under the project are depreciated over
the period of contract.
Intangible assets comprising knowledge resource and content are
amortized over a period of five years.
5. Revenue Recognition
Education and training income is recognised on rendering of services
over the period of instruction as per the terms of agreement as the
case may be.
In respect of fixed price contracts, revenue is recognised as per the
proportionate completion method.
Revenue in respect of sale of courseware content and knowledge resource
is recognised on the basis of despatch/delivery to the customers.
Revenue in respect of sale of hardware is recognised when substantial
risks and rewards of ownership is transferred to the buyer under the
terms of the contract. Revenue from online educational services is
recognised upon receipt of subscription fees.In case of supply to
licensee, the revenue is recognised on establishment of right to
receive. Dividend income is recognised when the right to receive
payment is established. Interest income is recognised on time
proportion basis.
6. Investments
Long term investments are carried at cost less provision for other than
temporary diminution in the carrying value of each investment. Current
investments are stated at the lower of cost or quoted/ fair value
computed category wise.
7. Leases
Lease arrangements where the risks and rewards incidental to the
ownership of an asset substantially vest with the lessor, are
recognised as operating leases. Lease rentals under operating leases
are recognised in the Profit and Loss account on a straight line basis
over the lease term.
8. Employee Benefits
a. Short term employee benefits are charged off at the undiscounted
amount in the year in which related service is rendered.
b. Post employment and other long term employee benefits are charged
off in the year in which the employee has rendered the service. The
amount charged off is recognised at the present value of the amount
payable determined using actuarial valuation technique. Actuarial gain
and loss in respect
of post employment and other long term benefits are charged to profit
and loss account.
9. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
A provision is recognised when there is a present obligation as a
result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation and in respect of which
reliable estimate can be made.
Contingent liabilities not provided for are disclosed by way of notes.
Contingent assets are neither recognised nor disclosed in the financial
statements.
10. Borrowing Costs
Borrowing costs that are attributable to the acquisition or
construction of qualifying fixed assets are capitalized as part of the
cost of such assets till such time the asset is ready for its intended
use or sale. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes
substantial period of time to get ready for intended use or sale and
other borrowing costs are recognised as an expense in the period in
which they are incurred.
11. Taxation
Current tax is determined as the amount of tax payable in respect of
taxable income of the year.
Deferred tax expense or benefit is recognised on timing differences
being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that
originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more
subsequent periods. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured
using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or
substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.
In the event of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses,
deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that there is
virtual certainty that sufficient taxable income will be available to
realize such assets. In other situations, deferred tax assets are
recognised only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that
sufficient future taxable income will be available to realize these
assets.
Advance taxes and provisions for current income taxes are presented in
the balance sheet after off-setting advance taxes paid and income tax
provisions arising in the same tax jurisdiction and the Company intends
to settle the assets and liabilities on a net basis.
The Company offsets deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities if
it has a legally enforceable right and these relate to taxes on income
levied by the same governing taxation laws.
12. Foreign Currency Transactions
Foreign currency transactions are accounted for at the exchange rates
prevailing at the date of the transaction. Gains and losses resulting
from the settlement of such transactions and from the translations of
monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at
the year end are recognised in the profit and loss account.
13. Impairment of Assets
Assets that are subject to impairment are reviewed for impairment
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying
amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised for the
amount by which the assets carrying amount exceeds the recoverable
amount.
14. Earnings Per Share
The earnings considered in ascertaining EPS comprise the net profit
after tax. The number of shares used in computing Basic EPS is the
weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year. Diluted
earnings per share is computed by dividing the net profit after tax by
the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving
basic earnings per share and also the weighted average number of equity
shares that could have been issued up on conversion of all dilutive
potential equity shares.
15. Cash Flow Statement
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net profit
before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash
nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or
payments. The cash flows from regular revenue generating, investment
and financing activities of the Company are segregated.
Cash and Cash equivalents for the purpose of cash flow statement
comprises of Cash at Bank, Cash in Hand (including cheques in hand) and
short term investments.
16. Accounting of Claims
Claims receivable are accounted at the time when such income has been
earned by the Company depending on the certainty of receipts. Claims
payable are accounted at the time of acceptance.
Claims raised by the Government Authorities regarding Taxes and Dues
which are disputed by the Company are accounted based on merits of each
claim.
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