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0 | Accounting Policy | Year : Mar '12 | ||||
a) Change in accounting policy Presentation and disclosure of financial statements During the year ended March 31, 2012, the revised Schedule VI notified under the Companies Act 1956, has become applicable to the Company, for preparation and presentation of its financial statements. Except accounting for dividend on investments in subsidiary Companies (see below), the adoption of revised Schedule VI does not impact recognition and measurement principles followed for preparation of financial statements. However, it has significant impact on presentation and disclosures made in the financial statements. The Company has also re-classified the previous year figures in accordance with the requirements applicable in the current year. Dividend on investment in subsidiary companies Till the year ended March 31, 2011, the company, in accordance with the pre-revised Schedule VI requirement, was recognizing dividend declared by subsidiary companies after the reporting date in the current year''s statement of profit and loss if such dividend pertained to the period ending on or before the reporting date. The revised Schedule VI, applicable for financial years commencing on or after April 1, 2011, does not contain this requirement. Hence, to comply with AS -9 Revenue Recognition, the company has changed its accounting policy for recognition of dividend income from subsidiary companies. In accordance with the revised policy, the company recognizes dividend as income only when the right to receive the same is established by the reporting date. Dividend received during the year Rs. Nil (previous year Rs. Nil). b) Basis of preparation The financial statements of the company have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in India (Indian GAAP). The company has prepared these financial statements to comply in all material respects with the accounting standards notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006,(as amended) and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act.1956. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention on an accrual basis except in case of assets for which revaluation is carried out. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of financial statements are consistent with those of previous year, except for the change in accounting policy explained above. c) Use of estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on the management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets or liabilities in future periods. d) Tangible fixed Assets Tangible fixed assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any, except Land, Building and Plant & Machinery, which had been revalued on 31.10.1992 by a Government registered valuer on the basis of the then replacement value. The cost comprises purchase price, borrowing costs if capitalization criteria are met and directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for the intended use. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in arriving at the purchase price. Expenditure directly relating to construction activity is capitalized (net of income, if any). Indirect expenditure specifically attributable to construction of a project or to the acquisition of the fixed assets or bringing it to working condition is capitalised as part of Construction project or as a part of Fixed assets. Other indirect expenditure incurred during the construction period which is not related to construction activity nor is incidental thereto is charged to Profit & Loss account. Gains or losses arising from derecognition of fixed assets are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognized. Subsequent expenditure related to an item of fixed asset is added to its book value only if it increases the future benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance. All other expenses on existing fixed assets, including day-to-day repair and maintenance expenditure and cost of replacing parts, are charged to the statement of profit and loss for the period during which such expenses are incurred. e) Depreciation i. Depreciation on fixed assets (other than lease hold improvements) is provided using Straight Line Method as per rates prescribed under Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956. The management of the Company is of the view that this depreciation rate fairly represents the useful life of the assets except for the following assets where a higher rate is used: ii. Fixed assets costing below Rs.5000 are depreciated at the rate of 100%. iii. Depreciation on the revalued portion of fixed assets is adjusted against the revaluation reserve. iv. Depreciation on the amount of additions made to fixed assets due to upgradations / improvements is provided over the remaining useful life of the asset to which it relates. v. Depreciation on fixed assets added/disposed off during the year is provided on pro-rata basis. vi. Leasehold improvements are amortised over a primary period of lease or useful life, whichever is lower. f) Intangibles Software costs relating to acquisition of initial software license fee and installation costs are capitalized in the year of purchase. Software''s are amortized on a straight-line basis over its useful life, which is considered to be of a period of three years. g) Impairment of assets i) The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the asset''s net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessment of the time value of money and risks specific to asset. ii) After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over the remaining useful life. h) Leases Where the Company is the lessee Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the leased item are classified as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense in the Profit & Loss Account on a straight-line basis over the lease term. i) Investment Investments that are readily realizable and intended to be held for not more than a year are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments. Current investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on an individual investment basis. Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognize a decline other than temporary in the value of such investments. j) Inventories Inventories are valued as follows: Raw materials, Components and stores & spares Lower of cost and net realizable value. However, materials and other items held for use in the production of inventories are not written down below cost if the finished products, in which they will be incorporated, are expected to be sold at or above cost. Cost of raw materials, components and stores & spares is determined on a moving weighted average basis. Work-in-progress and finished goods Lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost includes direct materials and labour and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on normal operating capacity. Cost of finished goods includes excise duty. Cost is determined on moving weighted average basis. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale. k) Revenue recognition Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. Sale of Goods Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when all the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have been passed to the buyer. The company collects sales taxes and value added taxes (VAT) on behalf of the government and, therefore, these are not economic benefits flowing to the company. Hence, they are excluded from revenue. Excise duty deducted from revenue (gross) is the amount that is included in the revenue (gross) and not the entire amount of liability arising during the year. Export Benefit Export Benefits constituting import duty benefits under Duty Exemption Pass Book (DEPB), Duty Draw back and advance license scheme are accounted for on accrual basis. Export benefits under Duty Exemption Pass Book (DEPB) & Duty Draw back are considered as other operating income. Interest Revenue is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable. Dividends Dividend income is recognized when the company''s right to receive dividend is established by the reporting date. Policy for Insurance Claims Claims receivable on account of insurance are accounted for to the extent the Company is reasonably certain of their ultimate collection. l) Foreign currency transactions Initial Recognition Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency, by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction. Conversion Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate. Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction; and non-monetary items which are carried at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rates that existed when the values were determined. Exchange Differences Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items not covered above, or on reporting such monetary items of company at rates different from those at which they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in previous financial statements, are recognized as other income or as expenses in the year in which they arise. Forward Exchange Contracts not intended for trading or speculation purposes The premium or discount arising at the inception of forward exchange contracts is amortised as expense or income over the life of the contract. Exchange differences on such contracts are recognised in the statement of profit and loss in the year in which the exchange rates change. Any profit or loss arising on cancellation or renewal of forward exchange contract is recognised as income or as expense for the year. m) Retirement and other employee benefits i. Retirement benefits in the form of Superannuation Fund (being funded to LIC) are funded defined contribution schemes and the contributions are charged to the Profit and Loss Account of the year when the contributions to the respective funds are due. There are no other obligations other than the contribution payable. ii. Gratuity liability is defined benefit obligation and is provided for on the basis of an actuarial valuation on projected unit credit method made at the end of each financial year. iii. Retirement benefits in the form of Provident Fund (where contributed to the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner) and employee state insurance are defined contribution scheme and the contributions are charged to the statement of profit and loss of the year when the contributions to the fund are due. There are no other obligations other than the contribution payable to the respective authorities. Retirement benefit in the form of provident Fund (Where administered by trust created and managed by Company) is a defined benefit obligation of the company and the contributions are charged to statement of profit & loss of the year when the contribution to the respective funds are due. Shortfall in the funds, if any, is adequately provided for by the company. iv. Short term compensated absences are provided for based on estimates. Long term compensated absences are provided for based on actuarial valuation. The actuarial valuation is done as per projected unit credit method. v. Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to Profit and Loss account and are not deferred. n) Income Taxes Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax. Current income tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Income Tax Act, 1961. Deferred income taxes reflects the impact of current year timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing differences of earlier years. Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. If the company has unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of tax losses, all deferred tax assets are recognised only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that such deferred tax assets can be realised against future taxable profits. At each balance sheet date the Company re-assesses unrecognized deferred tax assets. It recognises unrecognized deferred tax assets to the extent that it has become reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date. The Company writes-down the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be realised. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available. MAT credit is recognised as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the company will pay normal income tax during the specified period. In the year in which the Minimum Alternative tax (MAT) credit becomes eligible to be recognized as an asset in accordance with the recommendations contained in guidance note issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, the said asset is created by way of a credit to the profit and loss account and shown as MAT Credit Entitlement. The Company reviews the same at each balance sheet date and writes down the carrying amount of MAT Credit Entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that Company will pay normal Income Tax during the specified period. o) Borrowing Costs Borrowing cost includes interest, amortization of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost. Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition,construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period they occur. p) Provisions A provision is recognised when an enterprise has a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best management estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current management estimates. Provision for expenditure relating to voluntary retirement is made when the employee accepts the offer of early retirement. q) Segment Reporting Policies Identification of segments: Primary Segment Business Segment The Company''s operating businesses are organized and managed separately according to the nature of products, with each segment representing a strategic business unit that offers different products and serves different markets. The identified segments are Manufacturing & Sale of Polyester film and Engineering plastics. Secondary Segment Geographical Segment The analysis of geographical segments is based on the geographical location of the customers. The geographical segments considered for disclosure are as follows: - Sales within India include sales to customers located within India. - Sales outside India include sales to customers located outside India. Inter Segment Transfers: Inter Segment transfers of goods, as marketable products produced by separate segments of the Company for captive consumption, are not accounted for in the books of account of the Company. For the purpose of segment disclosures, however, inter segment transfers have been taken at cost. Allocation of common costs: Common allocable costs are allocated to each segment in proportion to the turnover of the segment, except where a more logical allocation is possible. Unallocated items: Corporate income and expense are considered as a part of un-allocable income & expense, which are not identifiable to any business segment. The company prepares its segment information in conformity with the accounting policies adopted for preparing and presenting the financial statements of the company as a whole. r) Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents in the balance sheet comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less. s) Contingent liabilities A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the company or a present obligation that is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. The company does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements. t) Earnings Per Share Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting preference dividends and attributable taxes) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Partly paid equity shares are treated as a fraction of an equity share to the extent that they were entitled to participate in dividends relative to a fully paid equity share during the reporting period. The weighted average numbers of equity shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for events of bonus issue; bonus element in a rights issue to existing shareholders; share split; and reverse share split (consolidation of shares). For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares. u) Measurement of EBITDA As permitted by the guidance note on revised schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956, the company has elected to present earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) as a separate line item on the face of the statement of profit & loss. The company measures EBITDA on the basis of profit / (loss) from continuing operations. In its measurement, the company does not include depreciation and amortization expenses, finance cost and tax expenses. |
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| Source : Dion Global Solutions Limited | |||||
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