1.1 BASIS OF ACCOUNTING
The accounts have been prepared by following the going concern concept
on historical cost basis, consistently, and are in conformity with the
applicable statutory provisions for the time being in force including
the RBI guidelines and generally accepted accounting principles, save
as otherwise stated.
1.2 INVESTMENTS
a) CLASSIFICATION:
Investments have been categorized as per guidelines of Reserve Bank of
India (i) Held to Maturity, (ii) Available for Sale (iii) Held for
Trading and are disclosed in the accounts under six classifications at
the value net of depreciation provision thereon.
b) VALUATION:
Investments are valued as per Reserve Bank of India guidelines in the
following manner:
I. BASIS:
Held to Maturity
Investments held under this category are carried in books at their
acquisition cost. Premium, if any, paid on acquisition is amortized
using straight line method.
Available for Sale and Held for Trading
These Investments are marked to market scrip wise. Depreciation/
Appreciation for each of six classifications is aggregated; net
depreciation, if any, for each classification is provided for, but net
appreciation is ignored.
ii METHODOLOGY:
All investments of bank are valued consistently on Average Cost Method.
Market value of quoted securities in case of Investments included in
the Available for Sale and Held for Trading categories is taken
based on market quotations of recognized stock exchange/s or price list
of Reserve Bank of India.
The value in case of unquoted securities and securities where market
quotes are not available, is determined based on Prices / Yield to
Maturity declared by Primary Dealers Association of India jointly with
Fixed Income Money Market and Derivatives Association of India and Net
Asset Value in case of units of Mutual Funds / SRs of ARCs / SCs and
Net Book Value in case of Shares of Companies.
Treasury Bills, Commercial Papers, Rural Infrastructure Development
Funds and Investments including Share Capital Deposits in Regional
Rural Banks are valued at carrying cost.
INCOME RECOGNITION AND PRUDENTIAL NORMS:
Bank follows the prudential norms formulated by Reserve Bank of India,
from time to time, as to Asset Classification of all Investments,
Income Recognition and Provisioning on such Investments.
Commission, brokerage, broken period interest on investment
transactions are debited and /or credited to Profit and Loss Account in
the year of transaction.
Profit on sale of investments under the category Held to Maturity is
taken to Profit and Loss Account and thereafter appropriated to
Capital Reserve Account whereas loss on sale of Investments is
recognized in the Profit & Loss Account.
17.1 ADVANCES
a) Bank follows the prudential norms formulated by Reserve Bank of
India, from time to time, as to Asset Classification of Advances,
Income Recognition and provisioning thereon. Accordingly all advances
are being classified into Standard, Sub-standard, Doubtful and Loss
Assets.
b) Advances are net of Provision for Non Performing Assets. Provision
in lieu of diminution in the fair value of restructured accounts,
balance in Sundries Account [interest capitalization - restructured
accounts] in respect of NPA accounts, DICGC Claims/ ECGC claims
received and held pending adjustment; part payment received and kept in
Suspense Account.
c) Prudential provision on Standard Assets and excess provision on sale
of NPA accounts are included in Other Liabilities and
Provisions-Others in Schedule 5 to the Balance Sheet.
d) Recoveries in Non Performing Advances are first appropriated towards
principal outstanding and surplus, if any, is recognized as income.
e) In case of sale of financial assets to the Asset Reconstruction
Company (ARC) / Securitisation Company (SC) at a price below the net
book value (NBV), i.e. Book Value Less Provision held, the shortfall is
debited to the profit and loss account and in case of sale at a value
higher than the NBV, the excess provision is not being reversed but is
kept for utilization to meet the shortfall/loss on account of sale of
other financial assets to ARC/SC.
f) The shortfall, in case of financial assets sold to the Banks, FIs
and/ or, NBFCs, where the sale is at a price below the net book value
(NBV), is debited to the profit and loss account, but in the case where
the sale value is higher than the NBV, the excess provision is not
reversed but being retained to meet the shortfall/loss on account of
sale of other non-performing financial asset.
17.4 FIXED ASSETS & DEPRECIATION
a) Premises (except certain premises which have been stated at revalued
amount) and other fixed assets are stated at historical cost.
b) Premises also include cost of land in some of the properties where
the same could not be segregated.
c) Depreciation is charged on Written Down Value (W.D.V.) method at the
rates prescribed under the Income Tax Rules, 1962 except that the
computer hardware purchased before 01.04.2000 are
depreciated @ 25% p.a. on W.D.V. method and those purchased on or after
01.04.2000 are depreciated @ 33.33% on Straight Line Method.
d) Cost of leasehold land is amortized over the period of lease.
e) Depreciation attributable to revalued portion is charged to the
Revaluation Reserve Account.
f) Fixed Assets include Capital Work-in-Progress.
g) Computer software expenses are considered as intangible assets and
are amortized over a period of five years, which is considered as
useful economic life of such assets.
17.5 NON BANKING ASSETS
Non Banking Assets are stated at cost.
17.6 REVENUE RECOGNITION
a) The Bank generally follows mercantile system of accounting.
b) Commission on letters of credit/ bank guarantees/ Government
Business / distribution of third party products, locker rent, interest
on refund of taxes, dividend, income on units of mutual funds, rental
income and service charges on various deposit accounts are recognized
on realization basis.
c) Interest/discount on non-performing loans advances/investments is
recognized to the extent realized as per the prudential guidelines of
RBI.
d) Recoveries in written off advances / investments are being accounted
for as Miscellaneous Income.
e) Interest on term deposits matured on or after 22th August 2008 but
remained unpaid has been provided /accounted for at saving bank rate.
f) Expenses on the issue of shares, bonds etc. are recognized in the
year of incurrence.
g) Unclaimed credit balances lying in Suspense Receipts for more than
five years are being considered as Miscellaneous Income. Subsequent
claims, if any paid to the parties are charged to expenses in the year
of payment.
h) Legal expenses in case of suit filed accounts are charged to Profit
and Loss account.
17.7 TREATMENT OF VRS EXPENDITURE
Expenditure on VRS is recognized in the year of payment.
17.8 FOREIGN EXCHANGE
a) All foreign currency assets and liabilities including outstanding
forward exchange contracts in foreign currency are valued at the
year-end on the rates issued by FEDAI and the resultant profit/loss
arising out of such revaluation is accounted for in the Profit & Loss
Account.
b) Guarantees, letters of credit, acceptances, endorsements and other
obligations in foreign currency are also revalued at the year- end on
the rates issued by FEDAI for the purpose of Balance Sheet exposure.
c) Income and Expenditure items are recognized at the exchange rates
prevailing on the date of transaction.
17.9 STAFF BENEFITS
Gratuity, Pension and Leave Encashment payable on retirement; and other
employee benefits are charged to Profit & Loss Account as per actuarial
valuation as required by AS 15 [R] issued by ICAI. The liability on
account of exercise of second pension option by the existing employees,
and enhancement in gratuity limit from ?.3.50 lacs to Rs.10 lacs, will
be amortized in five years starting from the FY 2010-11 in terms of RBI
circular no: DBOD.No. BP.BC.80/ 21.04.018/2010-11 dated 09th February
2011.
17.10 TAXES ON INCOME
a) Current tax is provided using applicable tax rates on the amount
worked out on the basis of applicable tax laws, judicial pronouncements
/ legal opinions and the past assessments.
b) Deferred tax, comprising of tax effect due to time difference
between taxable and as per accounts income for the period, is
recognized keeping in view the consideration of prudence in respect of
deferred tax assets read with Accounting Standard 22 issued by ICAI.
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