1. Basis of preparation
The financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material
respects with the Accounting Standards notified by Companies
(Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, (as amended) and the relevant
provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial statements have
been prepared under the historical cost convention on an accrual basis
except in case of assets for which revaluation is carried out. The
accounting policies have been consistently applied by the Company and
are consistent with those used in the previous year.
2. Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires the management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets
and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of
the financial statements and the results of operations during the
reporting period. Although these estimates are based upon management''s
best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could
differ from these estimates. Difference between the actual result and
estimates are recognised in the period in which the results are known/
materialized.
3. Fixed assets
Fixed assets are stated at cost (or revalued amounts, as the case may
be), less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses if any. Cost
comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the
asset to its working condition for its intended use.
Intangible assets are recognised on the basis of recognition criteria
as set out in the relevant Accounting Standard.
4. Depreciation/amortisation
Depreciation is provided on fixed assets over the useful lives of the
assets estimated by the management, which are equivalent to the rates
prescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956. The following
methods of depreciation are used for fixed assets:
Plant and machinery at'' Straight Line Method
Salem (excluding earth
moving machinery)
and on all fixed assets
at Wind Farm Unit,
Bangalore Works and Dalmia
Chini Mills (Sugar Units)
Leasehold Land Amortised over the period of
lease, i.e., 99 years
Revalued assets Depreciation on amount added
on revaluation of fixed assets
is transferred from Revaluation
Reserve.
Computer Software Amortised over a period of 3-5
years on a Straight line basis.
Remaining Fixed Assets Written Down Value Method
5. Impairment of assets
The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date
if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external
factors, an impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount
of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is
the greater of the asset''s net selling price and value in use. In
assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted
to their present value at the weighted average cost of capital.
After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying
amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.
Previously recognised impairment losses are reversed to the extent the
recoverable amount exceeds the carrying amount.
6. Leases
Where the Company is the lessee
Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks
and benefits of ownership of the leased item, are classified as
operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense
in the Profit and Loss account on a straight-line basis over the lease
term.
Where the Company is the lessor
Assets subject to operating leases are included in fixed assets. Lease
income is recognised in the Profit and Loss Account on a straight-line
basis over the lease term. Costs, including depreciation are recognised
as an expense in the Profit and Loss Account. Initial direct costs such
as legal costs, brokerage costs, etc. are recognised immediately in
the Profit and Loss Account.
7. Government grants and subsidies
Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized when there is
reasonable assurance that the grant/ subsidy will be received and all
attaching conditions will be complied with.
When the grant or subsidy relates to an expense item, it is recognized
as income over the periods necessary to match them on a systematic
basis to the costs, which it is intended to compensate.
Where the grant or subsidy relates to an asset, its value is deducted
from the gross value of the asset concerned in arriving at the carrying
amount of the related asset.
8. Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction
or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period
of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as
part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are
expensed in the period they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest
and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing
of funds.
9. Segment reporting Identification of segments
The Company''s operating businesses are organized and managed separately
according to the nature of products manufactured and services provided,
with each segment representing a strategic business unit that offers
different products. The analysis of geographical segments is based on
the areas in which major operating divisions of the Company operate.
Inter segment Transfers
The Company accounts for intersegment sales and transfers as if the
sales or transfers were to third parties at current market prices.
Allocation of common costs
Common allocable costs are allocated to each segment on reasonable
basis.
Unallocated items
Includes general corporate income and expense items which are not
allocable to any business segment.
Segment policies
The company prepares its segment information in conformity with the
accounting policies adopted for preparing and presenting the financial
statements of the company as a whole.
10. Employee benefits
a. Employee benefits in the form of the Company''s contribution to
provident fund, pension fund, superannuation fund and ESI are
considered as defined contribution plan and charged to the profit and
loss account of the year when the contributions to the respective funds
are due. There are no other obligations other than the contributions
payable to the respective funds.
b. Retirement benefits in the form of gratuity and provident fund
contribution to Dalmia Cement Provident Fund Trust are defined benefit
plans. Gratuity is provided for on the basis of an actuarial valuation
on projected unit credit method made at the end of each financial year.
Contributions to Dalmia Cement Provident Fund Trust are charged to the
profit and loss account of the year when the contributions to the fund
is due. Shortfall in the funds, if any, is adequately provided for by
the Company.
c. Leave encashment including compensated absences are provided for
based on actuarial valuation at the year end. The actuarial valuation
is done as per projected unit credit method.
d. Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to profit and loss
account and are not deferred.
e. Payments made under the Voluntary Retirement Scheme are charged to
the Profit and Loss account in the year in which the same are incurred.
11. Inventories
a. Finished goods are valued at lower of cost or net realisable value.
In case of Dead Burnt Magnesits Dust Stocks to the extent these are
considered saleable, valuation is done at raw materials cost plus
packing charges or net realizable value, whichever is lower.
By-products are valued at net realisable value. Cost includes direct
materials and labour and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based
on normal operating capacity. Cost of finished goods includes excise
duty. Cost is determined on a weighted average basis.
b. Work in progress is valued at lower of cost or net realisable
value. Cost is determined on a weighted average basis.
c. Stores, Spares and Raw Materials are valued at lower of cost or net
realisable value. However materials & other items of inventories held
for use in the production are not written below cost if the finished
products in which they will be incorporated are expected to be sold at
or above cost. Cost is determined on a weighted average basis
Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary
course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated
costs necessary to make the sale.
12. Investments
Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not
more than a year are classified as current investments. All other
investments are classified as long- term investments. Current
investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined for
each category separately. Long-term investments are carried at cost on
individual investment basis. However, provision for diminution in value
is made to recognise a decline other than temporary in the value of the
investments in case of long term investments.
13. Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be
reliably measured.
Sale of goods
Revenue is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of
ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer. Excise Duty deducted
from turnover (gross) are the amount that is included in the amount of
turnover (gross) and not the entire amount of liability that arose
during the year. Sale is net of trade discount and sales tax.
Dividends
Revenue is recognised when the shareholders'' right to receive payment
is established by the balance sheet date.
Insurance Claim
Claims lodged with the insurance companies are accounted on accrual
basis to the extent these are measurable and ultimate collection is
reasonably certain.
14. Foreign currency transactions
(i) Initial recognition
Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency,
by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between
the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the
transaction.
(ii) Conversion
Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate.
Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate
at the date of the transaction; and non-monetary items which are
carried at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a
foreign currency are reported using the exchange rates that existed
when the values were determined.
(iii) Exchange differences
Exchange differences arising on a monetary item that, in substance,
form part of the company''s net investment in a non-integral foreign
operation is accumulated in a foreign currency translation reserve in
the financial statements until the disposal of the net investment, at
which time they are recognised as income or as expenses.
Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items not
covered above, or on reporting such monetary items of company at rates
different from those at which they were initially recorded during the
year, or reported in previous financial statements, are recognized as
income or as expenses in the year in which they arise.
(iv) Forward exchange contracts not intended for trading or speculation
purposes
The premium or discount arising at the inception of forward exchange
contracts is amortised as expense or income over the life of the
contract. Exchange differences on such contracts are recognised in the
statement of profit and loss in the year in which the exchange rates
change. Any profit or loss arising on cancellation or renewal of
forward exchange contract is recognised as income or as expense for the
year.
15. Income taxes
Tax expense comprises of current and deferred. Current income tax is
measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in
accordance with the Income Tax Act, 1961. Deferred income tax reflects
the impact of current year timing differences between taxable income
and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing differences
of earlier years.
Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws
enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred
tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if a legally
enforceable right exists to set off currentn tax assets against
current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred
tax liabilities relate to the taxes on income levied by same
governing taxation laws. Deferred tax assets are recognised only
to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future
taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets
can be realised. In situations where the company has unabsorbed
depreciation or carry forward tax losses, all deferred tax assets are
recognised only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing
evidence that they can be realised against future taxable profits.
At each balance sheet date the Company re-assesses unrecognised
deferred tax assets. It recognises unrecognised deferred tax assets to
the extent that it has become reasonably certain or virtually certain,
as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be
available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance
sheet date. The Company writes-down the carrying amount of a deferred
tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or
virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable
income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be
realised. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes
reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that
sufficient future taxable income will be available.
MAT credit is recognised as an asset only when and to the extent there
is convincing evidence that the company will pay normal income tax
during the specified period. In the year in which the Minimum
Alternative tax (MAT) credit becomes eligible to be recognized as an
asset in accordance with the recommendations contained in Guidance Note
issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, the said
asset is created by way of a credit to the profit and loss account and
shown as MAT Credit Entitlement. The Company reviews the same at each
balance sheet date and writes down the carrying amount of MAT Credit
Entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the
effect that Company will pay normal Income Tax during the specified
period.
16. Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders (after
deducting preference dividends and attributable taxes) by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Partly
paid equity shares are treated as a fraction of an equity share to the
extent that they were entitled to participate in dividends relative to
a fully paid equity share during the reporting period. The weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period is
adjusted for events of bonus issue, bonus element in a rights issue to
existing shareholders, share split, and reverse share split
(consolidation of shares).
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net
profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and
the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are
adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
17. Provisions
Aprovision is recognised when an enterprise has a present obligation as
a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a
reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its
present value and are determined based on best estimate required to
settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at
each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best
estimates.
Contingent liabilities are shown by way of note in the Notes to
Accounts in respect of obligations where based on the evidence
available, their existence at the Balance Sheet date is considered not
probable. Contingent assets are neither recognized in the accounts nor
disclosed.
18. Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of cash flow statement
comprise cash at bank and in hand.
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