(a) Basis of Accounting
These financial statements have been prepared under historical cost
convention from the books of accounts maintained on an accrual basis in
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in India and
comply with the accounting standards notified under Section 211 (3C) of
the Companies Act, 1956 (the Act) and the relevant provisions of the
Act.
(b) Fixed Assets and Depreciation/ Amortisation
Fixed Assets are stated at cost of acquisition less depreciation. Cost
comprises of cost of acquisition, cost of improvements and any
attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for
intended use.
Leasehold Land and Leasehold Improvement are amortised over the period
of lease. Depreciation on assets costing Rs. 5,000 or less is provided at
the rate of 100% in the year of acquisition of the assets.
Goodwill, Technical Knowhow and Software are amortised over a period of
three to five years.
(c) Investments
Long term investments are stated at cost and provision is made for
diminution, other than temporary, in value of investments. Current
investments are valued at lower of cost and market value/ net asset
value.
(d) Inventories
Inventories are stated at cost or net realisable value, whichever is
lower.
Cost of raw materials, packing materials and traded goods are
determined on Weighted Average method.
Cost of finished goods and semi-finished goods include cost of raw
materials and packing materials, cost of conversion and other costs
incurred in bringing the inventories to the present location and
condition.
(e) Revenue Recognition
Sales are accounted for inclusive of excise duty but excluding sales
tax, rebates and trade discounts.
Revenue is recognised when the property and all significant risks and
rewards of ownership are transferred to the buyer and no significant
uncertainty exists regarding the amount of consideration that is
derived from the sale of goods.
Interest Income is accounted on accrual basis and dividend income is
accounted when right to receive payment is established.
Recoveries from group companies and third parties include recoveries
towards common facilities/ resources, Information Technology and other
support provided to such parties which is recognised as per terms of
agreement.
(f) Foreign Currency Transactions
Transactions denominated in foreign currency are recorded at the
exchange rate prevailing on the date of the transactions. Exchange
differences arising on foreign exchange transactions settled during the
year are recognised in the Profit and Loss Account.
Monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currency are translated at
the year-end at the closing exchange rate and the resultant exchange
differences are recognised in the Profit and Loss Account. Non-monetary
foreign currency items are carried at cost.
The premium or discount on forward exchange contracts is amortised as
expense or income over the life of the contract.
(g) Employee Benefits
a. Defined Contribution Plans:
The Company has Defined Contribution plans for post employment benefits
namely Provident Fund and Superannuation Fund which are administered
through appropriate authorities/ trustees.
The Company contributes to a Government administered Provident Fund,
Employees'' Deposit Linked Insurance Scheme and Family Pension Fund on
behalf of its employees and has no further obligation beyond making its
contribution.
The Superannuation Fund applicable to certain employees is a defined
contribution plan as the Company makes contributions to Managerial
employees'' Superannuation Scheme which is administered by Life
Insurance Corporation of India (''LIC'') and has no further obligation
beyond making the payment to the insurance company.
The Company makes contributions to State plans namely Employees'' State
Insurance Fund and has no further obligation beyond making the payment
to them.
The Company''s contributions to the above funds are charged to revenue
every year.
b. Defined Benefit Plans:
The Company has a Defined Benefit plan namely Gratuity covering its
employees and Pension for certain employees. The gratuity scheme is
funded through Group Gratuity-cum-Life Assurance Scheme which is
administered by Life Insurance Corporation of India (''LIC) and Pension
plan is an unfunded scheme.
The liability for the Defined Benefit plan of Gratuity and Pension is
provided based on an actuarial valuation at the year-end using
Projected Unit Credit Method.
c. Termination benefits are recognised as an expense as and when
incurred.
d. Actuarial gains and losses comprise experience adjustments and the
effects of changes in actuarial assumptions and are recognised
immediately in the Profit and Loss Account as income or expense.
e. Other Employee Benefits:
The employees of the Company are entitled to leave encashment and long
service awards as per the policy of the Company. The liability in
respect of the same is provided, based on an actuarial valuation
carried out by an independent actuary as at the year-end using
Projected Unit Credit Method. Short term compensated absences, if any
are provided on cost to Company basis.
(h) Taxation
Current tax is determined as the amount of tax payable in respect of
taxable income for the year. Deferred Tax is recognised, subject to the
consideration of prudence, on timing differences being the difference
between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one
period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods.
Deferred Tax Asset is not recognised unless there are timing
differences, the reversal of which will result in sufficient income or
there is virtual certainty that sufficient future taxable income will
be available against which such deferred tax asset can be realised.
(i) Borrowing Costs
Borrowing cost directly related to the acquisition or construction of a
qualifying asset is capitalised as part of the cost of that asset.
Other borrowing costs are charged to the Profit and Loss Account.
(j) Operating Lease
Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense in the Profit and
Loss Account on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Initial
direct costs are charged to Profit and Loss Account as and when
incurred.
(k) Provision, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
The Company recognises a provision when there is a present obligation
as a result of a past event that probably requires an outflow of
resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the
obligation.
A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is possible
obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not,
require an outflow of resources. When there is a possible obligation or
a present obligation that the likelihood of outflow of resources is
remote, no provision or disclosure as specified in Accounting Standard
29 - Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets is
made.
Contingent Assets are not recognised in the financial statements.
(l) Impairment of Assets
The Company assesses at each Balance Sheet date whether there is any
indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication
exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the asset. If
such recoverable amount of the asset or recoverable amount of the cash
generating unit to which the asset belongs is less than its carrying
amount, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount. The
reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognised in the
Profit and Loss Account. If at the Balance Sheet date there is an
indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists,
the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at the
recoverable amount.
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