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| Accounting Policy | Year : Mar '09 | ||||
Basis of preparation of financial statements
The financial statements have been prepared and presented under the
historical cost convention, on the accrual basis of accounting, except
for certain financial instruments which are measured at fair values,
and comply with Accounting Standards (AS) prescribed by Companies
(Accounting Standard) Rules, 2006, other pronouncements of the
Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI), relevant provisions
of the Companies Act, 1956, (the Act) to the extent applicable and the
guidelines issued by Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI).The
financial statements are presented in thousands of Indian rupees,
unless otherwise stated, except for per share data.
Use of estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in India requires the
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent
liabilities on the date of the financial statements and reported
amounts of revenues and expenses for the period. Actual results could
differ from these estimates.Any revision to accounting estimates is
recognized prospectively in the current and future periods.
Revenue recognition
Revenue from software development on time-and-material basis is
recognized based on performance of related services. Revenue from
software development on fixed price contracts is recognized as per the
proportionate completion method, which is determined by relating the
actual efforts to date to the estimated total efforts for each
contract. Provisions for estimated losses, if any, on incomplete
contracts are recorded in the period in which such losses become
probable based on the current contract estimates. Unbilled revenue
represents cost and earnings in excess of billings while unearned
revenue represents the billing in excess of cost and earnings.
Interest on deployment of surplus funds is recognized using the
time-proportion method, based on interest rates implicit in the
transaction.
Dividend income is recognized when the right to receive dividend is
established. Profit on sale of investment is recorded upon transfer of
title by the Company and is determined as the difference between the
sale price and the carrying value of the investment.
Expenditure
Expenses are accounted on accrual basis and provision is made for all
known losses and liabilities.
Fixed assets
Fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition less accumulated
depreciation. Direct costs are capitalized until the assets are ready
for use.
Leases under which the Company assumes substantially all the risks and
rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases.
Such assets are capitalized at the fair value of the asset or the
present value of the minimum lease payment at the inception of the
lease, whichever is lower. Lease payments under operating leases are
recognized as an expense in the statement of profit and loss on a
straight line basis over the lease term.
Leasehold land is capitalised as fixed assets where all the risk and
rewards of ownership is transferred to the lessee at the end of the
lease term.
Advances paid towards acquisition of fixed assets and the cost of
assets not put to use before the year-end are disclosed under capital
work-in-progress.
Depreciation
Depreciation on fixed assets is provided on straight-line method at
rates, which are based on useful lives of assets as estimated by the
management. In respect of fixed assets purchased during the year,
depreciation is provided on a pro-rata basis from the date on which
such asset is put to use. Individual assets costing less than Rs.5,000
are depreciated in full in the year of purchase.
The managements estimate of useful lives of various fixed assets is
given below:
Software and intellectual property ; 1- 3 years
Computers and accessories 1.5 years
- 3 years
Building 25 years
Other equipment 5 years
Electrical installation 5 years
Furniture and fixtures 5 years
Generator 5 years
Improvements to 5 years
(i.e. useful life) or over
leasehold premises : the lease term, whichever is lower
Owned vehicles 5 years
Foreign currency transactions
The Company is exposed to foreign currency transactions including
foreign currency revenues and receivables.With a view to minimize the
volatility arising from fluctuations in currency rates, the Company
enters into foreign exchange forward contracts and other derivative
instruments. Software development services billed to customers outside
India and collections deposited into the foreign currency bank account
are recorded at exchange rate prevailing on the date of the
transaction. Expenditure in foreign currency is accounted for at the
conversion rates prevalent when such expenditure is incurred.
Disbursements out of foreign currency account are recorded at the
exchange rates prevailing on the date of such disbursement. Monetary
assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency are translated
at the exchange rate prevalent at the date of the balance sheet.
Exchange differences arising on foreign currency transactions are
recognized as income or expense in the year in which they arise.
Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate
at the date of the transaction.
Fixed assets purchased at overseas offices are recorded at cost based
on the exchange rate as of the date of purchase.
Forward contracts and other similar instruments (together referred as
foreign exchange derivatives) are entered into to hedge the foreign
currency risk of firm commitments or highly probable forecasted
transactions.
With effect from April 1, 2008 the Company has adopted the principles
of Accounting Standard (AS) 30 Financial Instruments: Recognition
and Measurement in respect of its derivative financial instruments
that are not covered by AS II Accounting for the effects of Changes in
Foreign Exchange Rates and that relate to a firm commitment or a
highly probable forecasted transaction. In accordance with AS 30, such
derivative financial instruments, which qualify for cash flow hedge
accounting and where Company has met all the conditions of cash flow
hedge accounting, are fair valued at the reporting date and the
resultant exchange loss is debited to the hedging reserve of the
Company.This loss would be recorded in profit and loss account when the
underlying transactions affect earnings. Other derivative instruments
that relate to a firm commitment or a highly probable forecast
transaction and that do not qualify for hedge accounting have been
recorded at fair value at the reporting date and the resultant exchange
loss is debited to profit and loss account for the year.
Till 31 arch 2008,for the foreign exchange derivatives entered into to
hedge the foreign currency risk of the underlying outstanding at the
balance sheet date, the exchange difference was calculated and recorded
in accordance with AS-1 1(revised 2003).The exchange difference on such
a foreign exchange derivatives contract was calculated as the
difference between the foreign currency amount of the contract
translated at the exchange rate at the reporting date, or the
settlement date where the transaction is settled during the reporting
period, and the corresponding amount translated at the latter of the
date of inception of the forward exchange contract and the last
reporting date. Such exchange differences were recognised in the profit
and loss account in the reporting period in which the exchange rate
changes.
Investments
Investments are classified into long-term investments and current
investments. Long-term investments are valued at cost less provision
for diminution, other than temporary to recognize any decline in the
value of such investments. Current investments are carried at lower of
cost and fair market value. The comparison of cost and fair value is
carried out separately in respect of each category of investment.
Retirement benefits
a. Provident fund
All eligible employees receive benefits from a provident fund, which is
a defined contribution plan. Both the employee and the Company make
monthly contributions to the fund, which is equal to a specified
percentage of the covered employees basic salary. The Company has no
further obligations under this plan beyond its monthly contributions.
b. Gratuity
The Company provides for gratuity to its eligible employees. The
gratuity provides a lump sum payment to the eligible employees at
retirement, death, incapacitation or termination of employment, of an
amount based on the respective employees basic salary and the years of
employment with the Company. Gratuity is accrued based on an actuarial
valuation at the balance sheet date, carried out by an independent
actuary. The Companys gratuity plan is managed by the Life Insurance
Corporation of India (LIC) and the contributions by the Company to this
gratuity plan are as determined by LIC.
c. Leave Encashment
Leave encashment is a long-term employee benefit and is accrued based
on an actuarial valuations at the balance sheet date, carried out by an
independent actuary. The Company accrues for the expected cost of short
- term compensated absences in the period in which the employee renders
services.
Taxation
The current income tax charge is determined in accordance with the
relevant tax regulations applicable to the Company. Deferred tax charge
or credit reflects the tax effects of timing difference between
accounting income and taxable income for the year. The deferred tax
charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax liabilities or
assets are recognized using the tax rates that have been substantially
enacted by the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets are recognized
only to the extent there is reasonable certainty that the asset can be
realized in the future, however, where there is unabsorbed depreciation
or carry forward of losses, deferred tax assets are recognized only if
there is a virtual certainty of realization of such assets.
Deferred tax asset/liability are reviewed at the balance sheet date and
are adjusted to reflect the amount that is reasonably certain or
virtually certain (as the case may be) to be realized.
Deferred tax asset/liability as at the balance sheet date resulting
from timing differences between book profit and tax profit are not
considered to the extent that such asset/liability is expected to get
reversed in the future years within the tax holiday period.
Minimum alternate tax (MAT) paid in accordance with the tax laws,
which gives rise to future economic benefits in the form of tax credit
against future income tax liability, is recognised as an assets in the
balance sheet if there is convincing evidence that the company will pay
normal tax after the tax holiday period and the resultant assets can be
measured reliably.
The Company offsets, on a year on year basis, the current tax assets
and liabilities, where it has a legally enforceable right and where it
intends to settle such assets and liabilities on a net basis.
Consequent to the introduction of Fringe BenefitTax (FBT) effective
April 1,2005, in accordance with the guidance note on accounting on
accounting for fringe benefits tax issued by the ICAI, the Company has
made provisions for FBT under income taxes.
The Finance Act, 2007 included FBT on Employees Stock Option Plan. The
Company recovers such FBT from the employees, upon the exercise of the
stock options. Since the liability to pay FBT crystallizes only
subsequent to the exercise of the options, the FBT liability and the
related recovery are recorded at the time of exercise of the stock
options.
Earnings per share
In determining earnings per share, the Company considers the net profit
after tax and includes the post-tax effect of any extra- ordinary item.
The number of equity shares used in computing basic earnings per share
is the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the
year. The number of equity shares used in computing diluted earnings
per share comprises weighted average number of equity shares considered
for deriving basic earnings per share and also weighted average number
of equity shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all
dilutive potential equity shares. The dilution is determined using the
treasury stock method. Dilutive potential equity shares are deemed
converted as of the beginning of the period, unless issued at a later
date.
Impairment of assets
The Company assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is any
indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication
exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the asset. If
such recoverable amount of the asset or the recoverable amount of the
cash generating unit to which the asset belongs is less than its
carrying amount, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable
amount. The reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is
recognized in the profit and loss account. If at the balance sheet date
there is an indication that if a previously assessed impairment loss no
longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is
reflected at the recoverable amount subject to a maximum of depreciable
historical cost.
Provisions and contingent liabilities
The Company creates a provision when there is present obligation as a
result of a past event that probably requires an outflow of resources
and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. A
disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible
obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not,
require an outflow of resources. When there is a possible obligation or
a present obligation in respect of which the likelihood of outflow of
resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.
Provisions for onerous contracts, i.e. contracts where the expected
unavoidable costs of meeting the obligations under the contract exceed
the economic benefits expected to be received under it are recognised
when it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic
benefits will be required to settle a present obligation as a result of
an obligating event, based on a reliable estimate of such obligation.
Employee stock options
The Company measures the compensation cost relating to employee stock
options using the intrinsic value method. The compensation cost, if
any, is amortized over the vesting period of the option.
Cash flow statement
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net profit
before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash
nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or
payments. The cash flows from regular revenue generating, investing and
financing activities of the Company are segregated. |
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| Source : Dion Global Solutions Limited | |||||
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