1. Basis of Accounting:
(i) The financial statements have been prepared under the historical
cost convention and accrual basis of accounting, unless otherwise
stated and are in conformity with the statutory provisions and
generally accepted accounting principles.
(ii) The financial statements also conform to the guidelines issued by
the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) from time to time in respect of income
recognition, asset classification, provisioning and other related
matters. Accounting Standard and pronouncements issued by the Institute
of Chartered Accountants of India and accounting practices prevalent in
the banking industry in India.
2. Transactions involving Foreign Exchange:
2.1 Branches / Offices outside India
(i) Foreign Branches are classified as Non-integral Foreign
Operations and their financial statements are translated as follows:
a) Both monetary and non-monetary Assets and Liabilities as well as
Contingent Liabilities at the closing spot rates notified by the
Foreign Exchange Dealers Association of India (FEDAI) at the end of
each quarter.
b) Revenue items are translated at the quarterly average closing rate
notified by FEDAI at the end of respective quarter.
c) All resulting exchange difference is accumulated in a separate
account ‘Foreign Currency Translation Reserve.
(ii) Operations of representative offices abroad are classified as
Integral Foreign Operations and their financial statements are
accounted for as follows:
a) All monetary Assets and Liabilities, Guarantees, Acceptances,
Endorsements and other obligations are translated to Indian rupee
equivalent at the spot exchange rates prevailing at the end of each
quarter as per FEDAI guidelines.
b) Non-monetary items are translated at exchange rate prevailing on the
date of transaction.
c) Revenue items are accounted for at the exchange rates prevailing on
the date of transaction.
d) All resulting exchange differences are accounted for in Profit &
Loss Account.
(iii) Advances are classified under categories in line with those of
Indian Offices. Provisions in respect of advances are made as per the
local law requirements or as per the norms of RBI, whichever is higher.
2.2 Branches in India
(i) Foreign currency balances whether of assets or liabilities
[including deposits mobilized under FCNR Scheme, EEFC Scheme, RFC
Scheme etc.] and outstanding forward exchange contracts are converted
at quarter end rates as advised by Foreign Exchange Dealers
Association of India (FEDAI).
The resultant profit/loss on revaluation of forward exchange contracts
and NOSTRO accounts is taken to revenue as per FEDAI guidelines.
(ii) Income and Expenditure items relating to foreign currency are
converted using the exchange rate prevailing as on the date of
transaction.
(iii) Acceptances, endorsements and other obligations including
guarantees are stated at FEDAI advised rates prevailing at the end of
each quarter.
3. Investments:
(i) Investments are classified in accordance with RBI guidelines under
three categories viz. Held to Maturity, Held for Trading and
Available for Sale.
(ii) The disclosures of Investments are further classified into the
following six groups :
a) Government Securities,
b) Other Approved Securities,
c) Shares,
d) Debentures & Bonds,
e) Subsidiaries/ Joint Ventures and
f) Others
(iii) a) Investments that the Bank intends to hold till maturity are
classified as Held to Maturity.
b) Investments that are held principally for resale within 90 days from
the date of purchase are classified as Held for Trading.
c) Investments, which are not classified in the above two categories,
are classified as Available for sale.
d) An investment is classified as Held to Maturity, Held for Trading or
Available for sale at the time of its purchase and subsequent shifting
amongst categories is done in conformity with regulatory guidelines.
e) Investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates are
classified as Held to Maturity.
(iv) Investments classified as ‘Held to Maturity (other than in
Regional Rural Banks) are carried at acquisition cost. In case the
acquisition cost is higher than the face value, the excess is amortized
over the period remaining to maturity and provision is made for:
a) Depreciation in the value of debentures / bonds which are deemed to
be in the nature of advances by applying the RBI prudential norms of
asset classification and provisioning applicable to advances.
b) Diminution, other than temporary, in the value of investments in
subsidiaries / joint ventures.
(v) Investments classified as Held for Trading are revalued
scrip-wise at monthly interval and resultant net depreciation is
recognized and net appreciation, if any, is ignored under each
classification. The book value of the individual scrip is not changed
with the revaluation as indicated above.
(vi) Investments classified as Available for Sale are marked to
market scrip-wise at quarterly intervals and resultant net depreciation
is recognized and net appreciation, if any, is ignored under each
classification. The book value of the individual scrip is not changed
with the revaluation as indicated above.
(vii) Investments in Regional Rural Banks are valued at carrying cost.
(viii) In respect of non-performing securities (where interest/
principal is in arrears for more than 90 days) income is not recognized
and appropriate provision is made for depreciation in the value of the
securities by applying prudential norms of asset classification and
such depreciation is not set-off against the appreciation in respect of
other performing securities.
(ix) Cost of acquisition of investments:
. is net of incentives/commission and front-end fees
received in case of securities subscribed, and
. excludes commission, brokerage, securities transaction
tax and stamp duty.
(x) Profit/loss on sale of investments is recognized in the Profit and
Loss Account. An amount equivalent to the profit on sale of investments
under Held to Maturity category is first taken to the Profit and Loss
Account and thereafter, appropriated to the Capital Reserve Account.
(xi) For the purpose of determining market value of investments, Stock
exchange quotations or rates put up by FIMMDA/PDAI are adopted. In
absence of such quotations/ rates, the market value is determined by
applying appropriate Yield to Maturity rates as prescribed by FIMMDA /
PDAI or as per norms laid down by the Reserve Bank of India.
(xii) As per RBI guidelines, the different categories of Swaps are
valued as under:
g) Hedge Swaps
Interest rate swaps which hedges interest bearing assets or liabilities
are accounted for on accrual basis except the Swaps designated with an
assets or liability that is carried at market value or lower of cost or
market value in the financial statements.
Gains or Losses on the termination of Swaps are recognized over the
shorter of the remaining contractual life of the Swap or the remaining
life of the assets / liabilities.
h) Trading Swaps
Trading Swap transactions are marked to market with changes recorded in
the financial statements.
4. Advances:
(i) Advances are classified as performing and non- performing as per
guidelines prescribed by RBI and are shown net of provisions for
non-performing advances.
(ii) The provision made for standard advances (performing) in terms of
RBI guidelines is however included in Other Liabilities and
Provisions.
5. Fixed Assets and Depreciation:
(i) Premises including Freehold and other Fixed Assets are stated at
historical cost except certain premises, which are stated at their
revalued amount.
(ii) Capital expenditure incurred during construction period is
included under ‘Other Assets.
(iii) Depreciation is provided on diminishing balance method at the
rates and the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV
of the Companies Act, 1956 except that in respect of ALPMs and
Computers, where depreciation is provided on straight line method @
33.33% as per guidelines of Reserve Bank of India. (iv) In respect of
revalued assets, the amount of additional depreciation consequent to
revaluation is transferred from Revaluation Reserve to the Profit &
Loss Account.
(v) Premium on leasehold land is amortized over the period of the
lease.
(vi) Depreciation on Fixed Assets of foreign branches is provided as
per the applicable laws prevalent in that country.
6. Intangible Assets (Computer Software)
(i) Software for a computer that cannot operate without that specific
software is an integral part of related hardware and is treated as
fixed assets. Where the software is not an integral part of the related
hardware, computer software is recognised as an Intangible Asset.
(ii) Computer software acquired from vendors is recognised as
Intangible Asset only if the value /cost of the software is more than
Rs.10 Lakhs. Such intangible assets are amortised over its effective
life subject to a maximum period of ten years.
7. Employee Benefits:
(i) The Bank has applied Accounting Standard 15(Revised) - Employees
Benefits, issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India,
for recognition of its liabilities in respect of employee benefits.
(ii) Liability towards long term defined employee benefits is
determined based on actuarial valuation by independent actuaries at the
year-end by using Projected Unit Credit method as per policies
mentioned herein below:
a. Gratuity:
The Bank pays gratuity in case of retirement or death or resignation or
termination etc. of its employees, having regard to the provisions of
Payment of gratuity Act, 1972 / Service Awards / Service Regulations,
as the case may be. A fund created out of Banks contribution is
maintained by an in-house Trust for payment of gratuity. The Bank makes
contribution to this fund on the basis of actuarial valuation of its
liability.
b. Pension (ABRPR):
The Bank pays pension under Allahabad Bank (Employees) Pension
Regulations, 1995(ABEPR) to employees, who exercised option under the
Regulations and also to Employees joining the Bank Service during the
period from 29/09/1995 to 31.03.2010. The plan provides for a pension /
family pension on monthly basis in respect of these employees on their
retirement / death, as the case may be, based on the salary and
qualifying service of the respective employees. Employees covered under
ABEPR – 1995 are not eligible for Banks contribution to Provident
Fund. A fund created out of Banks contribution is maintained by an
in-house Trust for payment of Pension. The bank makes contributions to
this Fund on the basis of actuarial valuation of its liability in
respect of Pension, which is conducted by approved Actuary .
c. Leave Fare Concession (LFC):
This facility is granted to the employees and extends to reimbursement
of travelling expenses incurred for the family members of the employee
concerned, as defined under the Scheme, in terms of service rules as
amended from time to time as per Industry wide Settlements / Awards. It
is a non- funded scheme and the Bank maintains a provision on account
of its liability in respect of Leave Fare Concession under the Scheme
on the basis of actuarial valuation, which is conducted by approved
Actuary. Payment in respect of LFC facility is made through the Profit
and Loss Account.
d. Leave Encashment:
The Bank permits encashment of Privilege Leave balance to it employees
availing LFC facility, up to the maximum limit of 30 days leave in a
block of four years of service. Encashment of privilege leave standing
to the credit of an employee is also permitted in case of retirement or
death subject to a maximum of 240 days. In case of resignation from the
service by an employee, such encashment is restricted to 50% of the
balance of privilege leave subject to a maximum of 120 days. It is a
non-funded scheme and the Bank maintains a provision on account of its
leave encashment liability under the Scheme on the basis of actuarial
valuation, which is conducted by approved Actuary . Payment of such
leave encashment is made through the Profit and Loss Account.
e. Sick Leave:
The Bank maintains a provision for its liability on account of any
contingency arising out of employees going on sick leave on medical
ground, which is permissible in terms of prevailing service conditions
/ rules. It is a non-funded scheme and the Bank maintains the provision
on the basis of actuarial valuation, which is conducted by approved
Actuary.
(iii) In respect of Provident Fund, the contribution for the period is
recognized as expense and charged to Profit & Loss account.
(iv) In terms of Industry wide Settlement/Joint Note dated 27.04.2010,
employees joining the services of the Bank on or after 01.04.2010 are
covered by defined contribution retirement benefit scheme.
(v) Short-term employee benefits are recognized as an expense at an
undiscounted amount in the Profit and Loss Account of the year in which
the related services are rendered.
8. Recognition of Income and Expenditure:
Income and Expenditure are accounted for on accrual basis other than
those stated below:
(i) Interest and Other Income on advances classified as non- performing
assets are recognized to the extent realized.
(ii) Income from interest on refund of Income Tax and Interest Tax are
accounted for in the year the order is passed by the concerned
assessing officer.
9. Lease
Rentals received by the Bank are recognized in the profit and loss
account on accrual basis.
Lease payments for assets taken on operating lease are recognized as an
expense in the profit and loss account.
10. Earnings Per Share
Basic and Diluted Earnings per Equity Share are reported in accordance
with the Accounting Standard 20 Earnings per share issued by the
Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. Basic earnings per equity
share are computed by dividing net income by the weighted average
number of equity shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings
per equity share are computed using the weighted average number of
equity shares and dilutive potential equity shares outstanding during
the period.
11. Taxation
(i) Provision is made for both current tax (including Minimum
Alternative Tax - MAT) and deferred tax. Current tax is provided on the
taxable income using applicable tax rate and tax laws. In compliance
with Accounting Standard 22 : Accounting for Taxes on Income issued by
the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, deferred Tax Assets
and Liabilities arising on account of timing differences and which are
capable of reversal in subsequent periods are recognised using the tax
rates and the tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted
till the date of the Balance Sheet. Deferred Tax Assets are not
recognised unless there is virtual certainty that sufficient future
taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets
will be realised.
(ii) Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) credit is recognised as an asset
only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the
company will pay normal income tax during the period specified under
the Income Tax Act 1961.
12. Cash and Cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalent include cash on hand and in ATMs and balances
with RBI.
13. Impairment of Losses (if any) on Fixed Assets (including revalued
assets) are recognized and charged to Profit & Loss Account in
accordance with the Accounting Standard 28 Impaired of Assets issued
by The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.
14. Contingent Liabilities and Provisions & Contingent Assets
(i) In conformity with AS 29. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and
contingent Assets. Issued by the Institute of Chartered Accounts of
India, the Bank recognizes provisions only when It has a present
obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow
of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the
obligation, and when a reliable estimate of the amount of the
obligation can be made.
(ii) No provision is recognized for
a) Any possible obligation that arises from past events and the
existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or
non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within
the control of the Bank; or
b) Any present obligation that arises from past events but is not
recognized because
i) It is not probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic
benefits will be required to settle the obligation; or
ii) A reliable estimate of the amount of obligation cannot be made.
Such obligations are recorded as contingent Liabilities. These are
assessed at regular intervals and only that part of the obligation for
which an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits is probable,
is provided for, except in the extremely rare circumstances where no
reliable estimate can be made.
(iii) Contingent Assets are not recognized in the financial statements
as this may result in the recognition of income that never be realized.
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