(A) BASIS OF PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT
(i) The Financial statements are prepared under the historical cost
convention, in accordance with the generally accepted accounting
principles, in compliance with the Accounting Standards issued by the
Institute of Chartered Accountants of India from time to time and
provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 as adopted consistently by the
company, unless otherwise stated.
(ii) The company generally follows Mercantile System of accounting and
recognises items of Income and Expenditure on accrual basis except:-
Works contract tax deducted at source including on advances by clients
are charged to profit and loss account in the year of deduction and the
refunds, if any, are accounted for in the year of receipt.
(iii) Expenditure incurred in respect of additional costs/delays is
accounted in the year in which they are incurred. Claims made in
respect thereof are accounted as work receipts in the year of receipt
of arbitration award or acceptance by client or evidence of acceptance
received from the client.
(B) REVENUE RECOGNITION
(i) Revenue recognition and valuation of the contract WIP are as per
Accounting Standard AS-7. Work receipts are taken on percentage
completion method, stated on the basis of physical measurement of work
actually completed at the balance sheet date, taking in to account the
contractual price and revision thereto. The site mobilisation
expenditure for site installation is apportioned over the period of
contract in proportion to value of work done. Foreseeable losses are
accounted for when they are determined except to the extent they are
expected to be recovered through claims presented or to be presented to
the customer or in arbitration.
(ii) Sub contracts expenses are accounted on the basis of bills
certified by principal. Cost of sub contract includes the cost of
material wherever applicable.
(iii) In respect of Real Estate projects the sales are accounted for at
the time of handing over the possession of the flat / space to the
buyers.
(iv) Stage / percentage of completion is determined with reference to
the certificates given by the Clients / Consultants appointed by
Clients as well as on the billing schedule agreed with them for the
value of work done during the year.
(C) FIXED ASSETS
(i) Fixed Assets are stated at Cost of acquisition. Fixed Assets
acquired under Hire Purchase Schemes are capitalised at their principal
value and hire (finance) charges are charged off as revenue
expenditure.
(ii) Company''s Land & Buildings have been revalued as on 31-03-1992 by
Government approved registered valuer on the basis of their prevailing
day value. Difference between the total value of these assets on
revaluation and written down value as on 31.03.1992 of Rs. 10,691,246/-
had been credited to revaluation reserve account.
(D) DEPRECIATION / AMORTISATION
(i) Depreciation is provided on straight line method in accordance with
Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.
(ii) Depreciation on Addition/Deletion from the assets during the year
is provided on pro-rata basis.
(iii) Depreciation on shuttering material issued @ 100% on prorata
basis. Items costing below Rs. 5000/- are provided @ 100% on prorata
basis / charged to the Profit & Loss Account.
(iv) Depreciation is charged on the historical cost of Fixed Assets
(Except for Revalued Assets) including taxes, duties and installation
costs.
(v) Depreciation on revalued amount of Fixed Assets is being charged to
Revaluation Reserve Account.
(vi) Lease hold land is amortised over the period of lease.
(E) INTANGIBLES
Software costs relating to acquisition of initial software licence fee
and installation cost are capitalized in the year of purchase and
amortized on straight line basis over its useful life, which is
considered to be of a period of five years.
(F) IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS
The company makes an assessment of any indicator that may lead to
impairment of assets on an annual basis. An impairment loss is
recognised wherever the carrying amount of the assets exceeds its
recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is greater of the net
selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use valuation is
done by the estimated future cash flows (discounted to their present
value, based on an appropriate discounting factor) are used. Impairment
losses are recognised in the Profit and Loss Account.
(G) BORROWING COST
Borrowing Costs specifically related to acquisition of fixed assets are
capitalized as part of the cost of fixed assets till the date ready to
put to use. Other borrowing costs are charged to Profit & Loss Account
amount.
(H) INVESTMENTS
Investments that are readily realizable and intended to be held for not
more than a year are classified as current investments. All other
investments are classified as long term investments. Current
investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on
an individual investment basis. Long term investments are carried at
cost. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognize a
decline, other than temporary, in the value of such investments.
(I) INVENTORIES
(i) Stocks are valued at cost or net realisable value which ever is
lower.
(ii) Work-in-progress is valued on the basis of expenditure attributed
to project up to the date of Balance sheet.
(J) EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
(a) Short-term employee benefits:
All employee benefits payable wholly within twelve months of rendering
the service are classified as short-term employee benefits. These
benefits include compensated absences such as paid annual leave .The
undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid
in exchange for the services rendered by employees is recognized during
the period.
(b) Post-employment benefits:
(i) Retirement benefits in the form of the Company''s contribution to
Provident Fund charged to the Profit & Loss Account of the year when
the contributions to the respective funds are due.
(ii) The Company''s gratuity benefit scheme is a defined benefit plan.
The Company''s net obligation in respect of the gratuity benefit scheme
is calculated by estimating the amount of future benefit that employees
have earned in return for their service in the current and prior
periods; that benefit is discounted to determine its present value, and
the fair value of any plan assets is deducted.
The present value of the obligation under such defined benefit plan is
determined based on actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit
method, which recognizes each period of service as giving rise to
additional unit of employee benefit entitlement and measures each unit
separately to build up the final obligation.
The obligation is measured at the present value the estimated future
cash flows. The discount rates used for determining the present value
of the obligation under defined benefit plan, are based on the market
yields on government securities as at the balance sheet date.
When the calculation results in a benefit to the company, the
recognized asset is limited to the net total of any unrecognized
actuarial losses and past service costs and the present value of any
future refunds from the plan or reductions in future contributions to
the plan.
Actuarial gains and losses are recognized immediately in the profit &
loss account.
(K) FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS
(i) Transactions arising in Foreign Currency are converted at the
exchange rates prevailing as on date of transactions. Monetary Assets &
Liabilities denominated in Foreign Currencies are restated at year end
exchange rates. All exchange difference arising on conversion are
charged to Profit & Loss Account.
(ii) Forward Exchange Contracts (Derivative Instruments) not intended
for trading or speculation purposes
The Company uses derivative financial instruments including forward
exchange contracts to hedge its risk associated with foreign currency
fluctuations. The premium or discount arising at the inception of
forward exchange contracts is amortized as expense or income over the
life of the contract. Exchange differences on such contracts are
recognized in the statement of profit and loss in the year in which the
exchange rates change. Any profit or loss arising on cancellation or
renewal of forward exchange contract is recognized as income or as
expense for the year.
(L) CONCESSION ARRANGEMENT
Judgments and estimates are continually evaluated and are based on
historical experience and other factors, including expectations of
future events that are reasonable under the circumstances.
The company makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future. The
resulting accounting estimates will, by definition, seldom equal the
related actual results. Significant assumptions used in accounting for
the intangible asset are given below:
The intangible assets are measured at cost, i.e. fair value of the
construction service. The exchange of construction services for an
intangible asset is regarded as a transaction that generates revenue
and costs, which will be recognized by reference to the stage of
completion of the Construction. The intangible asset is assumed to be
received only upon completion of construction and recognized on such
completion. Until then, the expenditure incurred on this project will
be debited as Capital Work in Progress under the main head of Fixed
Assets. The value of the intangible asset shall be amortized over the
estimated useful life. The carrying value of intangible asset is
reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances
indicate that the carrying value may be recoverable.
(M) TAXATION
Current tax is determined as the amount of tax payable in respect of
taxable income for the year. Deferred Tax resulting from timing
differences between book & tax profits is accounted for under the
liability method, at the substantively enacted rate of tax on the
balance sheet date, to the extent that the timing differences are
expected to crystalise/capable of reversal as deferred tax charge/
benefit in the profit & loss account and as deferred tax
liability/assets in the balance sheet.
(N) PROVISIONS
A provision is recognized when an enterprise has a present obligation
as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of
resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of
which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to
its present value and are determined based on best management estimate
required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are
reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current
management estimates.
(O) LEASES
Where the Company is the lessee
Finance leases, which effectively transfer to the Company substantially
all the risks and benefits incidental to ownership of the leased item,
are capitalized at the lower of the fair value and present value of the
minimum lease payments at the inception of the lease term and disclosed
as leased assets. Lease payments are apportioned between the finance
charges and reduction of the lease liability based on the implicit rate
of return. Finance charges are charged directly against income. Lease
management fees, legal charges and other initial direct costs are
capitalised.
If there is no reasonable certainty that the Company will obtain the
ownership by the end of the lease term, capitalized leased assets are
depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset
or the lease term.
Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks
and benefits of ownership of the leased item are classified as
operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense
in the Profit & Loss Account on a straight-line basis over the lease
term.
(P) SEGMENT REPORTING POLICIES
(i) Identification of segments:
The Company''s operating businesses are organized and managed separately
according to the nature of products, with each segment representing a
strategic business unit that offers different products and serves
different markets.
(ii) Inter Segment Transfers:
Inter segment transfers have been priced based on market prices charged
to external customers for similar goods. These are then eliminated.
(iii) Unallocated items:
Common unallocable costs and corporate income and expenses are
considered as a part of un-allocable income and expense, which are not
identifiable to any business segment.
(Q) EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting
preference dividends and attributable taxes) by the weighted average
number of equity shares outstanding during the year. For the purpose of
calculating Diluted Earnings per Share, the net profit or loss for the
year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average
number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the
effects of all dilutive potential Equity shares.
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